Name: transduction-transplantation mouse model of myeloproliferative neoplasm
Uploaded: 2016-12-22T12:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Transduction-Transplantation Mouse Model of Myeloproliferative Neoplasm at JoVE.com

This work is supported by the V Foundation Scholar (AGF) and the MPN Research Foundation (AGF).

This study was approved and carried out in accordance with the recommendations by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at University of California, Irvine. All procedures were performed under isoflurane anesthesia and all efforts were made to minimize suffering.
1. Generation of Ecotropic Retrovirus
<ol>
	<li>Prepare high-quality plasmids with a concentration of at least 1 &#181;g/&#181;l using either a commercial maxi-prep kit or cesium chloride purification. 
	NOTE: These inclu...

<ol>
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S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Molecular+pathogenesis+and+therapy+of+polycythemia+induced+in+mice+by+JAK2+V617F.">Molecular pathogenesis and therapy of polycythemia induced in mice by JAK2 V617F.</a> PloS One. 1, e18 (2006).</li><li>Bumm, T. G. 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C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Principles+of+bone+marrow+transplantation+(BMT):+providing+optimal+veterinary+and+husbandry+care+to+irradiated+mice+in+BMT+studies.">Principles of bone marrow transplantation (BMT): providing optimal veterinary and husbandry care to irradiated mice in BMT studies.</a> J. Am. Assoc. Lab. Anim. Sci. 48 (1), 11-22 (2009).</li><li>Gavrilescu, L. C., Van Etten, R. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Production+of+Replication-Defective+Retrovirus+by+Transient+Transfection+of+293T+cells.">Production of Replication-Defective Retrovirus by Transient Transfection of 293T cells.</a> J. Vis. Exp. (10), (2007).</li><li>Challen, G. A., Boles, N., Lin, K. K., Goodell, M. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mouse+Hematopoietic+Stem+Cell+Identification+And+Analysis.">Mouse Hematopoietic Stem Cell Identification And Analysis.</a> Cytometry A. 75 (1), 14-24 (2009).</li><li>Ergen, A. V., Jeong, M., Lin, K. K., Challen, G. A., Goodell, M. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Isolation+and+characterization+of+mouse+side+population+cells.">Isolation and characterization of mouse side population cells.</a> Methods Mol. Bio. (Clifton, N.J.). 946, 151-162 (2013).</li><li>Weksberg, D. C., Chambers, S. M., Boles, N. C., Goodell, M. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=CD150-+side+population+cells+represent+a+functionally+distinct+population+of+long-term+hematopoietic+stem+cells.">CD150- side population cells represent a functionally distinct population of long-term hematopoietic stem cells.</a> Blood. 111 (4), 2444-2451 (2008).</li><li>Oguro, H., Ding, L., Morrison, S. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=SLAM+family+markers+resolve+functionally+distinct+subpopulations+of+hematopoietic+stem+cells+and+multipotent+progenitors.">SLAM family markers resolve functionally distinct subpopulations of hematopoietic stem cells and multipotent progenitors.</a> Cell Stem Cell. 13 (1), 102-116 (2013).</li><li>Li, J., Kent, D. G., Chen, E., Green, A. 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This protocol provides a detailed description of how to perform bone marrow transplants in mice to recapitulate an essential thrombocythemia-like disease with progression to myelofibrosis with CALRdel52 mutation as the driver of disease. Successful transplantation of cells expressing CALRdel52 results in increased platelets, expansion of megakaryocytes, and bone marrow fibrosis. As bone marrow transplantation is a multistep process, it is important to acknowledge steps where technical error can be avoided to prevent poor...

Transduction-transplantation is a useful method to model hematologic malignancies in mice. This technique has been particularly valuable for studying myeloid malignancies dating back to the first demonstration that ectopic expression of BCR-ABL1 could faithfully recapitulate chronic myelogenous leukemia in mice1. This technique has subsequently facilitated the extensive study of JAK2V617F and MPLW515K/L mutated myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN).
MPN are a group of hematologic malignancies characterized by the overproduction of mature myeloid cells and bone marrow fibrosis. These diseases generally arise from the clonal expansion of a hematopoietic stem cell that has acquired a somatic mutation in either Jak2, MPL, or CALR. Transduction-transplantation JAK2V617F and MPLW515K/L models exhibit the clinical features of polycythemia vera and myelofibrosis2-5. Recently, a mouse model of calreticulin-mutated MPN has also been generated with the transduction-transplantation method6. These mice develop an essential thrombocythemia-like disease with increased platelets, increased number of megakaryocytes, and bone marrow fibrosis. Together, these models have not only provided the opportunity to gain insight into the molecular pathogenesis of MPN, but also the capacity to develop and study therapeutics in a pre-clinical setting.
This manuscript provides a detailed description of transduction-transplantation methodology with a focus on the CALRdel52 mutation. This technique involves transplantation of retrovirally transduced bone marrow cells expressing the mutant construct into irradiated syngeneic recipient mice.

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>CELL LINES</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DMEM</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td>MT-10-013-CV</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>293T cells</td>
			<td>ATCC</td>
			<td>CRL-11268</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>3T3 cells</td>
			<td>ATCC</td>
			<td>CRL-1658</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PLASMIDS</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>EcoPak, also known as pCL-Eco</td>
			<td>Addgene</td>
			<td>12371</td>
			<td>Retroviral packaging cell lines, such as EcoPack 2-293, may be used in place of the EcoPak plasmid and standard 293T cells. Additional &#947;-retrovirus envelope and packaging plasmids are available from Addgene and others.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>MSCV-IRES-GFP (MIG)</td>
			<td>Addgene</td>
			<td>20672</td>
			<td>Additional &#947;-retroviral transfer plasmids are available from Addgene and others.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>CONSUMABLES</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>27G x 1/2&#34; needles</td>
			<td>BD</td>
			<td>305620</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fetal bovine serum</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td>MT-35-010-CV</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Penicillin/streptomycin/L-glutamine</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td>MT-30-009-CI</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Trypsin-EDTA (0.05%)</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td>MT-25-052-CI</td>
			<td>Can be homemade</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PBS</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td>MT-21-031-CV</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>10cm dishes</td>
			<td>Fisher</td>
			<td>172931</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>15 ml conical tubes</td>
			<td>Fisher</td>
			<td>12565268</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>60mm dishes</td>
			<td>Fisher</td>
			<td>150288</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Polybrene</td>
			<td>Fisher</td>
			<td>NC9840454</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>5-FU</td>
			<td>Fisher</td>
			<td>A13456-06</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>100um cell strainers</td>
			<td>Fisher</td>
			<td>22363549</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>50 ml conical tubes</td>
			<td>Fisher</td>
			<td>12565270</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>6-well plate</td>
			<td>Fisher</td>
			<td>130184</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>FACS tubes</td>
			<td>Fisher</td>
			<td>14-959-5</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>0.45um syringe filters</td>
			<td>Fisher</td>
			<td>0974061B</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Opti-MEM</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>31985-070</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>ACK buffer</td>
			<td>Lonza</td>
			<td>10-548E</td>
			<td>Can be homemade</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Recombinant murine IL-3</td>
			<td>Peprotech</td>
			<td>213-13</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Recombinant murine IL-6</td>
			<td>Peprotech</td>
			<td>216-16</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Recombinant murine SCF</td>
			<td>Peprotech</td>
			<td>250-03</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>X-tremeGENE 9</td>
			<td>Roche</td>
			<td>6365809001</td>
			<td>Transfection reagent</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>1.5 ml centrifuge tubes</td>
			<td>USA Scientific</td>
			<td>1615-5500</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>EQUIPMENT</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>BD Accuri C6</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>X-ray irradiator</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

transduction-transplantation mouse model of myeloproliferative neoplasm

Transduction-transplantation is a quick and efficient way to model human hematologic malignancies in mice. This technique results in expression of the gene of interest in hematopoietic cells and can be used to study the gene's role in normal and/or malignant hematopoiesis. This protocol provides a detailed description on how to perform transduction-transplantation using calreticulin (CALR) mutations recently identified in myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) as an example. In this protocol whole bone marrow cells from 5-flurouracil (5-FU) treated donor mice are transduced with a retrovirus encoding mutant CALR and transplanted into lethally irradiated syngeneic hosts. Donor cells expressing mutant CALR are marked with green fluorescent protein (GFP). Transplanted mice develop an MPN phenotype including elevated platelets in the peripheral blood, expansion of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow, and bone marrow fibrosis. We provide a step-by-step account of how to generate retrovirus, calculate viral titer, transduce whole bone marrow cells, and transplant into irradiated recipient mice.

The transduction-transplantation technique results in hematopoietic reconstitution of the recipient mice with cells expressing the gene of interest. Figure 1 shows an overview of the transduction-transplantation mouse model of calreticulin mutated MPN. Briefly, retrovirus expressing CALRwt or CALRdel52 is used to infect BM cells from a C57B/6 donor mouse. Transduced cells are transplanted into irradiated C57B/6 recipient mouse and donor cell engraftment occurs during the ...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Transduction-Transplantation Mouse Model of Myeloproliferative Neoplasm at JoVE.com

Transduction-Transplantation Mouse Model of Myeloproliferative Neoplasm

This manuscript provides a description of the methodology used to establish transduction-transplantation mouse models. A detailed account is given of technical errors to avoid when performing bone marrow transplants. A clear understanding should be gained of the importance of high viral titer, transfection/transduction, and irradiation.

Transduction-transplantation is a quick and efficient way to model human hematologic malignancies in mice. This technique results in expression of the ...

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