Name: comprehensive dna methylation analysis using a methyl-cpg-binding domain capture-based method in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients
Uploaded: 2017-06-16T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Comprehensive DNA Methylation Analysis Using a Methyl-CpG-binding Domain Capture-based Method in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients at JoVE.com

This study was supported by the Swedish Research Council, the Swedish Cancer Society, the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (KAW), and FoU V&#228;straG&#246;talandsregionen.

The ethical approval for collecting the CLL samples is from 2007-05-21, with the following registration number: EPN Gbg dnr 239/07. All CLL patients were diagnosed according to recently revised criteria8, and the samples were collected at the time of diagnosis. The patients in the study were included from different hematology departments in the western part of Sweden after written consent had been obtained. Only CLL peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples with a tumor percentage of leukem...

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MBD-seq is a cost-effective, immunoprecipitation-based technique that can be used to study methylation patterns with complete genome-wide coverage. Both MeDIP seq (methylated DNA immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing) and MBD-seq result in the enrichment of CpG-rich methylated DNA. However, MBD-seq shows more affinity towards binding to highly CpG-rich regions when compared to MeDIP seq19. Using a methyl-binding enrichment kit, one can fractionate the DNA into high-CpG- and low-CpG-rich regio...

The use of next-generation sequencing techniques to analyze global DNA methylation profiles has been increasingly popular during recent years. Genome-wide methylation assays, including microarray- and non-microarray-based methods, were developed based on the following: the bisulfite conversion of genomic DNA, methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme digestions, and the immunoprecipitation of methylated DNA using methyl CpG-specific antibodies.
Aberrant DNA methylation is one of the hallmarks of leukemia and lymphomas, includingchronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Earlier, several groups including ours characterized the DNA methylation profiles of different CLL prognostic subgroups and normal, healthy B-cell controls using the bisulfite conversion of genomic DNA, followed by micro-array-based methods or whole-genome sequencing1,2,3,4. The bisulfite conversion of genomic DNA leads to the deamination of unmodified cytosines to uracil, leaving the modified methylated cytosines in the genome. Once converted, the methylation status of the DNA can be determined by PCR amplification and sequencing using different quantitative or qualitative methods, such as micro-array-based or whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS). Although bisulfite conversion-based methods have many advantages and are widely used in different cancer types to analyze DNA methylation levels, there are a few drawbacks associated with this technique. WGBS sequencing allows single-base-pair resolution with lower amounts of DNA and is the best suitable option for analyzing a large number of samples. However, this method fails to differentiate the modifications between the 5 mC and 5 hmC levels in the genome5,6. Additionally, microarray-based methods do not offer complete coverage of the genome.
In a recent study from our laboratory7, immunoprecipitation based methods, rather than bisulfite conversion, were used to identify highly CpG-rich, differentially methylated regions on a global scale in CLL patients and normal healthy controls. Inmethyl-CpG-binding domain (MBD)next-generation sequencing (MBD-seq), the enrichment of double-stranded fragmented DNA depends upon the degree of CpG methylation. This method can overcome the drawbacks of the bisulfite conversion method and can also provide genome-wide coverage of CpG methylation in an unbiased and PCR-independent manner. Additionally, unlike bisulfite conversion-based microarray methods, MBD-seq can be used to analyze the methylation status of repetitive elements, such as long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs), short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), long terminal repeats (LTRS), etc. However, compared to bisulfite conversion methods, an MBD-seq protocol requires a relatively large amount of input DNA. Also, the quality of the sequencing reads and the data depend on the specificity, affinity, and quality of the antibodies used.
The current study explains a detailed MBD-seq protocol to enrich methylated DNA for next-generation sequencing. It uses a commercial methylated DNA binding enrichment kit (listed in the Materials Table), as well as a computational pipeline to visualize and interpret methylation sequencing data to identify CLL-specific hyper- and hypomethylated regions compared to normal healthy controls. Basically, this method makes use of the ability of the MBD of the human MBD2 protein interaction with methylated CpGs to extract DNA enriched with methylated CpGs, and this is followed by the high-throughput sequencing of methylated DNA.

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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Dneasy Blood and tissue kit</td>
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			<td height="51" style="height:51px;width:216px;">TE buffer PH 8</td>
			<td style="width:124px;">Sigma aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">93283</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">TPX bioruptor tubes 1.5ml</td>
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			<td style="width:119px;">C30010010-300</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">3 M Sodium acetate</td>
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			<td>C03030002</td>
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		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Methylminer Methylated DNA enrichment kit</td>
			<td style="width:124px;">Thermo Fischersceintific</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">ME10025</td>
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			<td style="width:124px;">Thermo Fischersceintific</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">A13346</td>
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			<td style="width:119px;">12620-848</td>
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			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">DNA precipitant (3M sodium acetate)</td>
			<td style="width:124px;">Diagenode</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">C03030002</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
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			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Safe seal 1.5ml eppendorf tubes</td>
			<td style="width:124px;">Eppendorf</td>
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			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Qubit dsDNA HS Assay Kit</td>
			<td style="width:124px;">Thermo Fischersceintific</td>
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			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
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			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Qubit 0.5ml tubes</td>
			<td style="width:124px;">Thermo Fischersceintific</td>
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			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:216px;">Illumina Hiseq2000 Platform</td>
			<td style="width:124px;">Illumina</td>
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			<td style="width:124px;">Grant</td>
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			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:216px;">Heat block</td>
			<td style="width:124px;">grant</td>
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			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:216px;">Tube rotater</td>
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</table>

comprehensive dna methylation analysis using a methyl-cpg-binding domain capture-based method in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients

The role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in cancer is coming to the forefront due to growing interest in understanding their mechanistic functions during cancer development and progression. Despite this, the global epigenetic regulation of lncRNAs and repetitive sequences in cancer has not been well investigated, particularly in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). This study focuses on a unique approach: the immunoprecipitation-based capture of double-stranded, methylated DNA fragments using methyl-binding domain (MBD) proteins, followed by next-generation sequencing (MBD-seq). CLL patient samples belonging to two prognostic subgroups (5 IGVH mutated samples + 5 IGVH unmutated samples) were used in this study. Analysis revealed 5,800 hypermethylated and 12,570 hypomethylated CLL-specific differentially methylated genes (cllDMGs) compared to normal healthy controls. Importantly, these results identified several CLL-specific, differentially methylated lncRNAs, repetitive elements, and protein-coding genes with potential prognostic value. This work outlines a detailed protocol for an MBD-seq and bioinformatics pipeline developed for the comprehensive analysis of global methylation profiles in highly CpG-rich regions using CLL patient samples. Finally, a protein-coding gene and an lncRNA were validated using pyrosequencing, which is a highly quantitative method to analyze CpG methylation levels to further corroborate the findings from the MBD-seq protocol.

MBD-seq was recently performed on CLL patients and matched, normal, healthy controls to identify CLL-specific differentially hyper- and hypomethylated genes7. The experimental and bioinformatic pipeline used for analyzing the data generated from CLL and normal healthy samples are shown in Figure 1A and 1B. These analyses identified several CLL-specific differentially methylated regions (cllDMRs), which were significant...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Comprehensive DNA Methylation Analysis Using a Methyl-CpG-binding Domain Capture-based Method in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients at JoVE.com

Comprehensive DNA Methylation Analysis Using a Methyl-CpG-binding Domain Capture-based Method in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients

This work describes an optimized methyl-CpG-binding domain (MBD) sequencing protocol and a computational pipeline to identify differentially methylated CpG-rich regions in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients.

The role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in cancer is coming to the forefront due to growing interest in understanding their mechanistic functions during ...

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