Chapter 2
Upper Respiratory Tract Infections
التهاب البلعوم الحاد
Introduction
Acute pharyngitis is the inflammation of the back of the throat (pharynx), commonly resulting in a sore throat. It is a frequently ...
التهاب البلعوم المزمن
Chronic pharyngitis refers to persistent inflammation of the pharyngial mucosa.
Etiology
It often arises from persistent viral or bacterial infections ...
التهاب اللوزتين الأول: مقدمة
Tonsillitis is an inflammation of the tonsils, primarily caused by viral or bacterial infections.
The most common viral causes of tonsillitis include ...
التهاب اللوزتين الثاني: الإدارة
Treatment strategies for tonsillitis include the following:
For viral tonsillitis, outpatient supportive management is the primary approach, involving ...
رعاف
Epistaxis, or a nosebleed, is caused by the rupture of small, distended vessels in the mucous membrane of any nose area.
Possible causes include trauma, ...
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