Chapter 2
Upper Respiratory Tract Infections
Ostre zapalenie gardła
Acute pharyngitis, or sore throat, is a painful inflammation affecting the pharyngeal walls, tonsils, palate, and uvula. It stems from various infectious ...
Przewlekłe zapalenie gardła
Chronic pharyngitis refers to the persistent inflammation of the pharynx.
Possible causes include allergic rhinitis, chronic cough, persistent ...
Zapalenie migdałków I: Wprowadzenie
Tonsillitis is an inflammation of the tonsils, primarily caused by viral or bacterial infections.
The most common viral causes of tonsillitis include ...
Zapalenie migdałków II: zarządzanie
Treatment strategies for tonsillitis include the following:
For viral tonsillitis, outpatient supportive management is the primary approach, involving ...
Krwawienie z nosa
Epistaxis, or a nosebleed, is caused by the rupture of small, distended vessels in the mucous membrane of any nose area.
Possible causes include trauma, ...
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