وأيد هذا العمل من قبل القومي للقلب والرئة والدم المعهد منحة HL-36573. نشكر السيد ديفيد سوا لتحرير هذه المخطوطة.

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	<li>Louch, W. E., Sheehan, K. A., Wolska, B. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Methods+in+cardiomyocyte+isolation,+culture,+and+gene+transfer.">Methods in cardiomyocyte isolation, culture, and gene transfer.</a> J. Mol. Cell. 51, 288-298 (2011).</li><li>Gross, D. R., Gross, D. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Isolated heart preparations, problems, and pitfalls. In: Animal Models in Cardiovascular Research. , 109-130 (2009).</li><li>Schl&#252;ter, K. D., Piper, H. M., Dheim, S., Mohr, F. W., Delmar, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Isolation+and+culture+of+adult+ventricular+cardiomyocytes.">Isolation and culture of adult ventricular cardiomyocytes.</a> Practical Methods in Cardiovascular Research. , 557-567 (2005).</li><li>O&#39;Connell, T. D., Ni, Y. G., Lin, K. M., Han, H. P., Yan, Z. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Isolation+and+culture+of+adult+cardiac+myocytes+for+signaling+studies.">Isolation and culture of adult cardiac myocytes for signaling studies.</a> AfCS research reports. 1 (5), 1-9 (2003).</li><li>O&#39;Connell, T. D., Rodrigo, M. C., Simpon, P. C., Vivanco, F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Isolation+and+culture+of+adult+mouse+cardiac+myocytes.">Isolation and culture of adult mouse cardiac myocytes.</a> Methods in Molecular Biology. 35, 271-296 (2007).</li><li>Nilolskaya, A., Sharma, V., Sigg, D. C., Laizzo, P. S., Xiao, Y. F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cell+culture+models+and+methods.">Cell culture models and methods.</a> Cardiac Electrophysiology Methods and Models. , 213-235 (2010).</li><li>Merx, M. W., Schrader, M., Dhein, S., Mohr, F. W., Delmar, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+working+heart.">The working heart.</a> Practical Methods in Cardiovascular Research. , 173-189 (2005).</li><li>Kabaeva, Z., Zhao, M., Michele, D. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Blebbistatin+extends+culture+life+of+adult+mouse+cardiac+myocytes+and+allows+efficient+and+stable+transgene+expression.">Blebbistatin extends culture life of adult mouse cardiac myocytes and allows efficient and stable transgene expression.</a> Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 294, 1667-1674 (2008).</li><li>Lou, Q., Li, W., Efimov, I. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+role+of+dynamic+instability+and+wavelength+in+arrhythmia+maintenance+as+revealed+by+panoramic+imaging+with+blebbistatin+vs.+2,3-butanedione+monoxime.">The role of dynamic instability and wavelength in arrhythmia maintenance as revealed by panoramic imaging with blebbistatin vs. 2,3-butanedione monoxime.</a> Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 302, 262-269 (2012).</li><li>Liu, C. X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Reduction+of+Na/K-ATPase+potentiates+Marinobufagenin-induced+cardiac+dysfunction+and+myocyte+apoptosis.">Reduction of Na/K-ATPase potentiates Marinobufagenin-induced cardiac dysfunction and myocyte apoptosis.</a> J. Biol. Chem. 287 (20), 16390-16398 (2012).</li><li>Bai, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Different+roles+of+the+cardiac+Na+/Ca2+-exchanger+in+ouabain-induced+inotropy,+cell+signaling,+and+hypertrophy.">Different roles of the cardiac Na+/Ca2+-exchanger in ouabain-induced inotropy, cell signaling, and hypertrophy.</a> Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 304, 427-435 (2013).</li><li>Liu, L. J., Zhao, X. C., Pierre, S. V., Askari, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Association+of+PI3K-AKT+signaling+pathway+with+digitalis-induced+hypertrophy+of+cardiac+myocytes.">Association of PI3K-AKT signaling pathway with digitalis-induced hypertrophy of cardiac myocytes.</a> Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol. 293, 1489-1497 (2007).</li><li>Flynn, J. M., Santana, L. 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يعلن الكتاب أنه ليس لديهم مصالح مالية المتنافسة.

للحصول على أفضل إعداد، الخطوات الأكثر أهمية هي: 1) ربط سرعان ما قلب الماوس إلى قنية بعد الاستئصال؛ 2) نضح القلب المناسبة. أيضا، لاحظ أن نوعية المياه ودرجة الحرارة التروية، ودرجة الحموضة من العازلة، والتعقيم، ونقاء الكيميائية، ونظيفة، وأنابيب وغرف غير الملوثة هي أيضا من العوامل ا...

العضلية ليست التكاثري. هناك بعض خطوط الخلايا cardiomyocyte الأذيني، مثل HL-1 و AT-1 الخلايا المشتقة من الأورام الأذيني الماوس؛ ومع ذلك، لا توجد البطين الكبار cardiomyocyte خطوط الخلايا المتاحة للبحوث. مزارع الخلايا العضلية الأولية من الماوس الكبار تقدم نموذجا قويا للأبحاث القلب على المستويات الخلوية والجزيئية. حتى الآن، كانت قد استخدمت على نطاق واسع لالبيوكيميائية والفسيولوجية والدوائية والبحوث 1. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، فإن الاستخدام المتكرر من الفئران المعدلة وراثيا وقد استلزم أساليب فعالة من cardiomyocyte العزلة. يسمح ثقافة نقية لظروف خالية من التفاعل مع أجهزة أخرى والدوران الجهازي، مثل من خلال العوامل الهرمونية العصبية والهرمونات مثل الذاتية 2،3. ومع ذلك، والعزلة الناجح العضلية يمكن أن يكون تحديا. ويستند البروتوكول ونحن نقدم هنا على تجاربنا مع cardiomyocyt الفئران الكباروفاق وطريقة وصفها أوكونيل وآخرون 4،5. وخاصة في عام 2007 5، وصفوه تقنيات مفصل من الاستعدادات عازلة لزراعة الخلايا وفحص وظيفية. منذ myocytes الماوس هي عرضة للانكماش مقارنة العضلية الفئران، وتستكمل المخازن المؤقتة أو وسائل الإعلام المستخدمة في نضح، والهضم، كا 2 + تسامح، والطلاء والثقافة في بروتوكول الماوس مع غير محدد الإثارة، تقلص اقتران المانع، 2، 3 Butanedione monoxime (بي دي إم) لمنع الانكماش لعفوية، وبالتالي الجدوى والعائد من myocytes على شكل قضيب تحسن إلى حد كبير. في البروتوكول قدم هنا، يتم فصل myocytes في منطقة عازلة البوتاسيوم عالية من القلب معزولة عن طريق تعديل نضح Langendorff مع النوع الثاني كولاجيناز. كولاجيناز الثاني فواصل بفعالية أسفل المصفوفة بين الخلايا والخلايا النشرات. يبقي الحل نضح أيضا الأيض الخلوي عند مستوى منخفض 6. في additiعلى، ونظام القلب معزولة عن جهاز هارفارد كنا هنا هو مصممة تصميما جيدا لدرجة حرارة محددة وثابتة السيطرة على ضغط 7. ويوفر هذا النهج الاستعدادات تكرار للغاية والسكان موحدة من نوع خلية واحدة، والتي يمكن استخدامها في الثقافة بين عشية وضحاها لقياس إشارات البروتينات أو الثقافة 2-3 اليوم لفحوصات القلب الضخامي.

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		<col />
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		<tr height="21">
			<td height="41" rowspan="2" style="height:41px;width:257px;">Isolated heart system for small rodent</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Harvard Apparatus</td>
			<td style="width:99px;">IHSR-mouse 73-4019</td>
			<td style="width:288px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:257px;">Aortic Cannula, OD 1.0 mm</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Harvard Apparatus</td>
			<td style="width:99px;">73-2816</td>
			<td style="width:288px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:257px;">Dumont #4 Forceps</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Fine science tools</td>
			<td style="width:99px;">11294-00</td>
			<td style="width:288px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:257px;">Straight sharp serrated scissors</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Fine science tools</td>
			<td style="width:99px;">14070-12</td>
			<td style="width:288px;"></td>
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		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:257px;">Serrated Graefe forceps</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Fine science tools</td>
			<td style="width:99px;">11050-10</td>
			<td style="width:288px;"></td>
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			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:257px;">Curved, serrated Graefe forceps</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Fine science tools</td>
			<td style="width:99px;">11052-10</td>
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		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:257px;">Straight Mini Serrefines clamps</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Fine science tools</td>
			<td style="width:99px;">18054-28</td>
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			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:257px;">MEM</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:99px;">11575-032</td>
			<td style="width:288px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:257px;">Collagenase II</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Worthington</td>
			<td style="width:99px;">4176</td>
			<td style="width:288px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Mucosal universal detergent</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:99px;">Z637181</td>
			<td>Mucasol is a fast alkaline residue-free detergent.</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

isolation and culture of adult mouse cardiomyocytes for cell signaling and in vitro cardiac hypertrophy

جعلت التطورات التكنولوجية الفئران المعدلة وراثيا، بما في ذلك المعدلة وراثيا والفئران خروج المغلوب الجينات، وأداة أساسية في العديد من المجالات البحثية. تحظى بقبول واسع العضلية الكبار كنموذج جيد للالفيزيولوجيا الخلوية القلب والفيزيولوجيا المرضية، فضلا عن التدخل الصيدلانية. الفئران المعدلة وراثيا يحول دون الحاجة إلى عمليات العدوى cardiomyocyte معقدة التركيب الوراثي لتوليد المرجوة، والتي هي غير فعالة نظرا لتمايز محطة العضلية. سوف العزلة وثقافة كمية عالية الجودة والعضلية وظيفية تستفيد بشكل كبير بحوث القلب والأوعية الدموية، وتوفير أداة مهمة للإشارة الخلية البحوث والتنمية تنبيغ المخدرات. هنا، نحن تصف طريقة راسخة لعزل العضلية الماوس الكبار التي يمكن تنفيذها مع قليل من التدريب. يتم استئصاله قلب الفأر ومقنى إلى نظام القلب معزولة، ثم مع perfused ع خالية من الكالسيوم وعاليةotassium العازلة تليها النوع الثاني كولاجيناز الهضم في وضع Langendorff نضح الوراء. هذا البروتوكول تعطي نتيجة متسقة لجمع الوظيفية العضلية الماوس الكبار من مجموعة متنوعة من الفئران المعدلة وراثيا.

1. الناجحة عزل الكمي وتستخدم معيارين لقياس نجاح العزلة: أولا، عدد العضلية معزولة، والثانية، ونسبة على شكل قضيب الكالسيوم متسامحة لتقريب myocytes غير متسامح. عموما هذا البروتوكول يستغرق حوالي 75-90 دقيقة من القلب إلى إزالة الطلاء خلية عض?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Isolation and Culture of Adult Mouse Cardiomyocytes for Cell Signaling and in vitro Cardiac Hypertrophy at JoVE.com

Isolation and Culture of Adult Mouse Cardiomyocytes for Cell Signaling and in vitro Cardiac Hypertrophy

نحن تصف طريقة موثوق بها لعزل العضلية الماوس الكبار. هذا البروتوكول تعطي نتيجة متسقة لثقافة الكبار العضلية وظيفية من مجموعة متنوعة من الفئران المعدلة وراثيا.

العزلة وثقافة الكبار ماوس العضلية للاشارة الخليوي و<em&gt; في المختبر</em&gt; تضخم القلب

Technological advances have made genetically modified mice, including transgenic and gene knockout mice, an essential tool in many research fields. Adult ...

isolation-culture-adult-mouse-cardiomyocytes-for-cell-signaling-vitro

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

Isolation and Culture of Adult Mouse Cardiomyocytes for Cell Signaling and in vitro Cardiac Hypertrophy

47.5K Views.  University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences.  نحن تصف طريقة موثوق بها لعزل العضلية الماوس الكبار. هذا البروتوكول تعطي نتيجة متسقة لثقافة الكبار العضلية وظيفية من مجموعة متنوعة من الفئران المعدلة وراثيا. 

Video: Isolation and Culture of Adult Mouse Cardiomyocytes for Cell Signaling and in vitro Cardiac Hypertrophy

Isolation and Genetic Manipulation of Adult Cardiac Myocytes for Confocal Imaging

Cardiac myocytes isolated from adult hearts are widely accepted as a model somewhere half way between embryonic and neonatal muscle cells on one side and a working heart on the other. Thus, cardiomyocytes serve as good models for cardiac cellular physiology and pathophysiology, for pharmaceutical investigations as well as for the exploration of transgenic animal models. Here we describe a method of isolating the cells from the heart. Furthermore we show how a genetic manipulation on cardiac myocytes can be performed without breeding a transgenic animal: This is the combination of long term culture (1 week) and adenoviral gene transfer. The latter one is described from the construction of the virus to the transduction of the cells. It can be used for the expression of genetically encoded biosensors (GEBs), fluorescent fusion proteins, but also for protein over expression and down regulation, e.g. using RNAi. Here we provide an example for the expression of a fusion protein staining a subcellular structure (Golgi). Such protein expression can be visualized by confocal imaging of z-stacks for a 3D-reconstruction of subcellular structures. The protocol comprises state-of-the-art in cell culture, molecular biology and biophysics and thus provides an approach for exploring new horizons in cellular cardiology.

Adult cardiac myocytes are primary cells that can be isolated from animal hearts and cultured for several days. Within this culture period adenoviral gene transfer can be used to express genetically encoded biosensors (GEBs) or fluorescent fusion proteins. Both approaches allow cellular investigations by means of confocal microscopy.

العزلة والتلاعب الجيني لأمراض القلب للبالغين Myocytes التصوير متحد البؤر

Cardiac myocytes isolated from adult hearts are widely accepted as a model somewhere half way between embryonic and neonatal muscle cells on one side and ...

Single Cell Transcriptional Profiling of Adult Mouse Cardiomyocytes

While numerous studies have examined gene expression changes from homogenates of heart tissue, this prevents studying the inherent stochastic variation between cells within a tissue. Isolation of pure cardiomyocyte populations through a collagenase perfusion of mouse hearts facilitates the generation of single cell microarrays for whole transcriptome gene expression, or qPCR of specific targets using nanofluidic arrays. We describe here a procedure to examine single cell gene expression profiles of cardiomyocytes isolated from the heart. This paradigm allows for the evaluation of metrics of interest which are not reliant on the mean (for example variance between cells within a tissue) which is not possible when using conventional whole tissue workflows for the evaluation of gene expression (Figure 1). We have achieved robust amplification of the single cell transcriptome yielding micrograms of double stranded cDNA that facilitates the use of microarrays on individual cells. In the procedure we describe the use of NimbleGen arrays which were selected for their ease of use and ability to customize their design. Alternatively, a reverse transcriptase - specific target amplification (RT-STA) reaction, allows for qPCR of hundreds of targets by nanofluidic PCR. Using either of these approaches, it is possible to examine the variability of expression between cells, as well as examining expression profiles of rare cell types from within a tissue. Overall, the single cell gene expression approach allows for the generation of data that can potentially identify idiosyncratic expression profiles that are typically averaged out when examining expression of millions of cells from typical homogenates generated from whole tissues.

Single cell expression profiling allows the detailed gene expression analysis of individual cells. We describe methods for the isolation of cardiomyocytes, and preparing the resulting lysates for either whole transcriptome microarray or qPCR of specific targets.

التنميط واحدة من الخلايا العضلية الترانسكربتي ماوس الكبار

While numerous studies have examined gene expression changes from homogenates of heart tissue, this prevents studying the inherent stochastic variation ...

Isolation and Culture of Individual Myofibers and their Satellite Cells from Adult Skeletal Muscle

Muscle regeneration in the adult is performed by resident stem cells called satellite cells. Satellite cells are defined by their position between the basal lamina and the sarcolemma of each myofiber. Current knowledge of their behavior heavily relies on the use of the single myofiber isolation protocol. In 1985, Bischoff described a protocol to isolate single live fibers from the Flexor Digitorum Brevis (FDB) of adult rats with the goal to create an in vitro system in which the physical association between the myofiber and its stem cells is preserved 1. In 1995, Rosenblattmodified the Bischoff protocol such that myofibers are singly picked and handled separately after collagenase digestion instead of being isolated by gravity sedimentation 2, 3. The Rosenblatt or Bischoff protocol has since been adapted to different muscles, age or conditions 3-6. The single myofiber isolation technique is an indispensable tool due its unique advantages. First, in the single myofiber protocol, satellite cells are maintained beneath the basal lamina. This is a unique feature of the protocol as other techniques such as Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting require chemical and mechanical tissue dissociation 7. Although the myofiber culture system cannot substitute for in vivo studies, it does offer an excellent platform to address relevant biological properties of muscle stem cells. Single myofibers can be cultured in standard plating conditions or in floating conditions. Satellite cells on floating myofibers are subjected to virtually no other influence than the myofiber environment. Substrate stiffness and coating have been shown to influence satellite cells' ability to regenerate muscles 8, 9 so being able to control each of these factors independently allows discrimination between niche-dependent and -independent responses. Different concentrations of serum have also been shown to have an effect on the transition from quiescence to activation. To preserve the quiescence state of its associated satellite cells, fibers should be kept in low serum medium 1-3. This is particularly useful when studying genes involved in the quiescence state. In serum rich medium, satellite cells quickly activate, proliferate, migrate and differentiate, thus mimicking the in vivo regenerative process 1-3. The system can be used to perform a variety of assays such as the testing of chemical inhibitors; ectopic expression of genes by virus delivery; oligonucleotide based gene knock-down or live imaging. This video article describes the protocol currently used in our laboratory to isolate single myofibers from the Extensor Digitorum Longus (EDL) muscle of adult mice (6-8 weeks old).

Isolation and culture of myofibers is the gold standard in vitro system to study the transition of satellite cells through quiescence, activation and differentiation. Importantly, the single myofiber culture system preserves the myofiber/stem cell association, which is an essential component of the muscle stem cell niche.

العزلة وثقافة فردية وMyofibers زنزاناتهم القمر الصناعي من العضلات الهيكلية الكبار

Muscle  regeneration in the adult is performed by resident stem cells called satellite  cells. Satellite cells are defined by  their position between the ...

Isolation and Culture of Neonatal Mouse Cardiomyocytes

Cultured neonatal cardiomyocytes have long been used to study myofibrillogenesis and myofibrillar functions. Cultured cardiomyocytes allow for easy investigation and manipulation of biochemical pathways, and their effect on the biomechanical properties of spontaneously beating cardiomyocytes.	
The following 2-day protocol describes the isolation and culture of neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes. We show how to easily dissect hearts from neonates, dissociate the cardiac tissue and enrich cardiomyocytes from the cardiac cell-population. We discuss the usage of different enzyme mixes for cell-dissociation, and their effects on cell-viability. The isolated cardiomyocytes can be subsequently used for a variety of morphological, electrophysiological, biochemical, cell-biological or biomechanical assays. We optimized the protocol for robustness and reproducibility, by using only commercially available solutions and enzyme mixes that show little lot-to-lot variability. We also address common problems associated with the isolation and culture of cardiomyocytes, and offer a variety of options for the optimization of isolation and culture conditions.

Primary mouse cardiomyocyte cultures are one of the pivotal tools for the investigation of myofibrillar organization and function. The following protocol describes the isolation and culture of primary cardiomyocytes from neonatal mouse hearts. The resulting cardiomyocyte cultures may be subsequently used for a variety of biomechanical, biochemical and cell-biological assays.

العزلة وثقافة الأطفال حديثي الولادة ماوس العضلية

Cultured neonatal cardiomyocytes have long been used to study  myofibrillogenesis and myofibrillar functions. Cultured cardiomyocytes allow  for easy ...

Isolation, Culture, and Functional Characterization of Adult Mouse Cardiomyoctyes

The use of primary cardiomyocytes (CMs) in culture has provided a powerful complement to murine models of heart disease in advancing our understanding of heart disease. In particular, the ability to study ion homeostasis, ion channel function, cellular excitability and excitation-contraction coupling and their alterations in diseased conditions and by disease-causing mutations have led to significant insights into cardiac diseases. Furthermore, the lack of an adequate immortalized cell line to mimic adult CMs, and the limitations of neonatal CMs (which lack many of the structural and functional biomechanics characteristic of adult CMs) in culture have hampered our understanding of the complex interplay between signaling pathways, ion channels and contractile properties in the adult heart strengthening the importance of studying adult isolated cardiomyocytes. Here, we present methods for the isolation, culture, manipulation of gene expression by adenoviral-expressed proteins, and subsequent functional analysis of cardiomyocytes from the adult mouse. The use of these techniques will help to develop mechanistic insight into signaling pathways that regulate cellular excitability, Ca2+ dynamics and contractility and provide a much more physiologically relevant characterization of cardiovascular disease.

Here we describe the isolation of adult mouse cardiomyoctyes using a Langendorff perfusion system. The resulting cells are Ca2+-tolerant, electrically quiescent and can be cultured and transfected with adeno- or lentiviruses to manipulate gene expression. Their functionality can also be analyzed using the MMSYS system and patch clamp techniques.

العزلة والثقافة، وتوصيف وظيفي من الكبار ماوس Cardiomyoctyes

The use of primary cardiomyocytes (CMs) in culture has provided a powerful complement to murine models of heart disease in advancing our understanding of ...

Isolation and Physiological Analysis of Mouse Cardiomyocytes

Cardiomyocytes, the workhorse cell of the heart, contain exquisitely organized cytoskeletal and contractile elements that generate the contractile force used to pump blood. Individual cardiomyocytes were first isolated over 40 years ago in order to better study the physiology and structure of heart muscle. Techniques have rapidly improved to include enzymatic digestion via coronary perfusion. More recently, analyzing the contractility and calcium flux of isolated myocytes has provided a vital tool in the cellular and sub-cellular analysis of heart failure. Echocardiography and EKGs provide information about the heart at an organ level only. Cardiomyocyte cell culture systems exist, but cells lack physiologically essential structures such as organized sarcomeres and t-tubules required for myocyte function within the heart. In the protocol presented here, cardiomyocytes are isolated via Langendorff perfusion. The heart is removed from the mouse, mounted via the aorta to a cannula, perfused with digestion enzymes, and cells are introduced to increasing calcium concentrations. Edge and sarcomere detection software is used to analyze contractility, and a calcium binding fluorescent dye is used to visualize calcium transients of electrically paced cardiomyocytes; increasing understanding of the role cellular changes play in heart dysfunction. Traditionally used to test drug effects on cardiomyocytes, we employ this system to compare myocytes from WT mice and mice with a mutation that causes dilated cardiomyopathy. This protocol is unique in its comparison of live cells from mice with known heart function and known genetics. Many experimental conditions are reliably compared, including genetic or environmental manipulation, infection, drug treatment, and more. Beyond physiologic data, isolated cardiomyocytes are easily fixed and stained for cytoskeletal elements. Isolating cardiomyocytes via perfusion is an extremely versatile method, useful in studying cellular changes that accompany or lead to heart failure in a variety of experimental conditions.

Individual cardiomyocytes from wild type and mutant mice can be isolated from the heart in order to study their contractility and calcium transients. This allows characterization of the contribution of cellular dysfunction to heart dysfunction from any cause.

العزلة والفسيولوجية تحليل ماوس العضلية

Cardiomyocytes, the workhorse cell of the heart, contain exquisitely organized cytoskeletal and contractile elements that generate the contractile force ...

Isolation and Culture of Dental Epithelial Stem Cells from the Adult Mouse Incisor

Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie tooth regeneration and renewal has become a topic of great interest1-4, and the mouse incisor provides a model for these processes. This remarkable organ grows continuously throughout the animal&#39;s life and generates all the necessary cell types from active pools of adult stem cells housed in the labial (toward the lip) and lingual (toward the tongue) cervical loop (CL) regions. Only the dental stem cells from the labial CL give rise to ameloblasts that generate enamel, the outer covering of teeth, on the labial surface. This asymmetric enamel formation allows abrasion at the incisor tip, and progenitors and stem cells in the proximal incisor ensure that the dental tissues are constantly replenished. The ability to isolate and grow these progenitor or stem cells in vitro allows their expansion and opens doors to numerous experiments not achievable in vivo, such as high throughput testing of potential stem cell regulatory factors. Here, we describe and demonstrate a reliable and consistent method to culture cells from the labial CL of the mouse incisor.

The continuously growing mouse incisor provides a model for studying renewal of dental tissues from dental epithelial stem cells (DESCs). A robust system for consistently and reliably obtaining these cells from the incisor and expanding them in vitro is reported here.

العزلة وثقافة الأسنان طلائي الخلايا الجذعية من الكبار ماوس القاطعة

Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie tooth regeneration and renewal has become a topic of great interest1-4, and the mouse ...

Isolation, Culture and Transduction of Adult Mouse Cardiomyocytes

Cultured cardiomyocytes can be used to study cardiomyocyte biology using techniques that are complementary to in vivo systems. For example, the purity and accessibility of in vitro culture enables fine control over biochemical analyses, live imaging, and electrophysiology. Long-term culture of cardiomyocytes offers access to additional experimental approaches that cannot be completed in short term cultures. For example, the in vitro investigation of dedifferentiation, cell cycle re-entry, and cell division has thus far largely been restricted to rat cardiomyocytes, which appear to be more robust in long-term culture. However, the availability of a rich toolset of transgenic mouse lines and well-developed disease models make mouse systems attractive for cardiac research. Although several reports exist of adult mouse cardiomyocyte isolation, few studies demonstrate their long-term culture. Presented here, is a step-by-step method for the isolation and long-term culture of adult mouse cardiomyocytes. First, retrograde Langendorff perfusion is used to efficiently digest the heart with proteases, followed by gravity sedimentation purification. After a period of dedifferentiation following isolation, the cells gradually attach to the culture and can be cultured for weeks. Adenovirus cell lysate is used to efficiently transduce the isolated cardiomyocytes. These methods provide a simple, yet powerful model system to study cardiac biology.

This protocol describes a step-by-step method for the reproducible isolation and long-term culture of adult mouse cardiomyocytes with high yield, purity, and viability.

العزلة والثقافة وتنبيغ الخلايا العضلية ماوس الكبار

Cultured cardiomyocytes can be used to study cardiomyocyte biology using techniques that are complementary to in vivo systems. For example, the purity and ...

Isolation and Culture of Primary Mouse Keratinocytes from Neonatal and Adult Mouse Skin

The keratinocyte (KC) is the predominant cell type in the epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin. Epidermal KCs play a critical role in providing skin defense by forming an intact skin barrier against environmental insults, such as UVB irradiation or pathogens, and also by initiating an inflammatory response upon those insults. Here we describe methods to isolate KCs from neonatal mouse skin and from adult mouse tail skin. We also describe culturing conditions using defined growth supplements (dGS) in comparison to chelexed fetal bovine serum (cFBS). Functionally, we show that both neonatal and adult KCs are highly responsive to high calcium-induced terminal differentiation, tight junction formation and stratification. Additionally, cultured adult KCs are susceptible to UVB-triggered cell death and can release large amounts of TNF upon UVB irradiation. Together, the methods described here will be useful to researchers for the setup of in vitro models to study epidermal biology in the neonatal mouse and/or the adult mouse.

Epidermal keratinocytes form a functional skin barrier and are positioned at the front line of host defense against external environmental insults. Here we describe methods for isolation and primary culture of epidermal keratinocytes from neonatal and adult mouse skin, and induction of terminal differentiation and UVB-triggered inflammatory response from keratinocytes.

عزل وثقافة الكرياتينية الماوس الرئيسية من حديثي الولادة والفأر الكبار الجلد

The keratinocyte (KC) is the predominant cell type in the epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin. Epidermal KCs play a critical role in providing skin ...

Isolation of Mouse Epidermal Keratinocytes and Their In Vitro Clonogenic Culture

The protocol described here is a reliable method of harvesting primary keratinocytes from adult female mice (54 &#177; 2 days old) yielding approximately 30 x 106 viable cells per mouse. Primary adult mouse keratinocytes are harvested from the dorsal skin of female mice. Male mice (~6 weeks old) can be used for keratinocyte harvesting depending on the requirements of the experiment. Euthanized mice are shaved and sterilized with serial washes in povidone iodine and ethanol solutions (70% alcohol). After disinfecting the mice, the dorsal skin is removed and the subcutaneous fat and muscle are removed with a scalpel and discarded. The skins are cut into small pieces and treated with a mild, low temperature trypsinization to detach the lower dermis from the epidermis. The scraped epidermises are stirred at low speed, filtered to remove the hairs, counted, and re-suspended in culture medium. This method provides an excellent single cell suspension of highly culturable cells for many downstream applications.

The goal of this protocol is to isolate epidermal keratinocytes from the dorsal skin of adult mice for a variety of downstream applications such as molecular biology, biochemistry, fluorescence activated cell sorting, and primary in vitro uses (e.g., clonogenic keratinocytes).

عزل الخلايا الكيراتينية البشرة الماوس وثقافتهم في المختبر Clonogenic

The protocol described here is a reliable method of harvesting primary keratinocytes from adult female mice (54 &#177; 2 days old) yielding approximately ...

العزلة وثقافة الكبار ماوس العضلية للاشارة الخليوي و

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