这项工作是支持由美国国立卫生研究院补助NIH34958一，E和NS061952 JC

<ol>
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T., Kramer, A., Edery, I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+phospho-occupancy+of+an+atypical+SLIMB-binding+site+on+PERIOD+that+is+phosphorylated+by+DOUBLETIME+controls+the+pace+of+the+clock.">The phospho-occupancy of an atypical SLIMB-binding site on PERIOD that is phosphorylated by DOUBLETIME controls the pace of the clock.</a> Genes Dev. 22, 1758-1772 (2008).</li><li>Dubruille, R., Murad, A., Rosbash, M., Emery, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+constant+light-genetic+screen+identifies+KISMET+as+a+regulator+of+circadian+photoresponses.">A constant light-genetic screen identifies KISMET as a regulator of circadian photoresponses.</a> PLoS Genet. 12, e1000787-e1000787 (2009).</li><li>Glaser, F. T., Stanewsky, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Temperature+synchronization+of+the+Drosophila+circadian+clock.">Temperature synchronization of the Drosophila circadian clock.</a> Curr Biol. 15, 1352-1363 (2005).</li><li>Helfrich-F&#246;rster, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Differential+control+of+morning+and+evening+components+in+the+activity+rhythm+of+Drosophila+melanogaster-+sex-specific+differences+suggest+a+different+quality+of+activity.">Differential control of morning and evening components in the activity rhythm of Drosophila melanogaster- sex-specific differences suggest a different quality of activity.</a> J Biol Rhythms. 15, 135-154 (2000).</li><li>Hendricks, J. C., Finn, S. M., Pancleri, K. A., Chavkin, J., Williams, J., Sehgal, A., Pack, A. I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rest+in+Drosophila+is+a+sleep-like+state.">Rest in Drosophila is a sleep-like state.</a> Neuron. 25, 129-138 (2000).</li><li>Ho, K. S., Sehgal, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Drosophila+melanogaster:+an+insect+model+for+fundamental+studies+of+sleep.">Drosophila melanogaster: an insect model for fundamental studies of sleep.</a> Methods Enzymol. 393, 772-793 (2005).</li><li>Koh, K., Evans, J. M., Hendricks, J. C., Sehgal, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+Drosophila+model+for+age-associated+changes+in+sleep:+wake+cycles.">A Drosophila model for age-associated changes in sleep: wake cycles.</a> Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 103, 13843-13847 (2006).</li><li>Konopka, R. J., Benzer, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Clock+mutants+of+Drosophila+melanogaster.">Clock mutants of Drosophila melanogaster.</a> Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 68, 2112-2116 (1971).</li><li>McGuire, S. E., Roman, G., Davis, R. 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在这个协议中，我们描述了测量果蝇自发活动的节奏，一个可靠的输出时钟功能的标准读数蝇生物钟的行为的程序。这已用于检测新的时钟突变体（如Konopka和1971年本泽 ; Dubruille等2009）的大型屏幕，并不断地剖析和了解在体内的时钟功能。它也被用来研究果蝇的睡眠觉醒周期，尽管最近的报告表明，视频数字化分析是更可靠的量化的睡眠比使用自主活动的节奏（ 齐默尔曼等人，2008年） 。当使用自主活动的节奏来分析睡眠，在白天的睡眠比例往往被高估。 为了确保本议定书的成功和可重复性，它是至关重要的测定年龄，遗传背景相似的苍蝇，并在同等条件下饲养，水果中的行为表型的苍蝇，如昼夜节律和睡眠/休息活动是非常敏感所有这些因素。在一次实验中使用多个孵化器，重要的是要确保所有孵化器在预期的温度作为温度的函数，因为有些昼夜参数可能会改变。一个字谨慎考虑购买苍蝇孵化器时，并非所有的平等。虽然我们毫不犹豫地推荐任何特定的单位有很多的选择。在&lt;www.flybase.org&gt;提供一个很好的资源， 寻找果蝇工作的孵化器公司出售。有些公司甚至出售“ 果蝇生物钟”的孵化器，其中附加功能，如已为Trikinetics系统和温度斜坡（例如，Tritech）有线。重要功能包括周日光控的能力和良好的温度控制在对果蝇的生理范围（〜15-30 ℃）。孵化器的价格和大小有很大的差异，但是从Trikinetics新的活动监视器，即使是小规模的孵化器，可以容纳相当多的这些设备的数量。此外，虽然湿度控制的孵化器，可用于，这个新增的功能是没有必要的，只要你放在一个小泛水提供湿度（50-70％的罚款）。最后，虽然我们经常使用的数据分析，在本议定书FaasX和失眠，有替代方案和软件（2006年Rosato和Kyriacou），如ClockLab（ActiMetrics），布兰代斯节奏包（D.惠勒，医学院，休斯敦贝勒大学），MAZ（Zordan 等，2007）。

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		<div>
		<table border="1">
		<thead>
		<tr>
		<th>Material Name</th>
		<th>Type</th>
		<th>Company</th>
		<th>Catalogue Number</th>
		<th>Comment</th>
		</tr>
		</thead>
		<tbody>
		
<tr>
<td>Drosophila activity monitor (DAM)</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Trikinetics Inc.; Waltham, MA</td>
<td>DAM2 or DAM5</td>
<td>DAM2 monitors are more compact, and more can fit into a single incubator</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Power supply interface unit (for DAM system)</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Trikinetics Inc.; Waltham, MA</td>
<td>PSIU9</td>
<td>Includes PS9-1 AC Power Supply</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Light controller</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Trikinetics Inc.; Waltham, MA</td>
<td>LC6</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Pyrex glass tubes</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Trikinetics Inc.; Waltham, MA</td>
<td>PGT5, PGT7, and PGT10</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Plastic activity tube caps</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Trikinetics Inc.; Waltham, MA</td>
<td>CAP5</td>
<td>Yarn can be used instead of plastic caps.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DAM System data collection software</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Trikinetics Inc.; Waltham, MA</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Versions available for both Mac and PC</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FaasX software</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>M. Boudinot and F. Rouyer, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Only for Mac</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Insomniac 2.0 software</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Leslie Ashmore, Department of Pharmacology &amp; Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Runs on Matlab. Can be used on both PC and Macintosh.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Environmental incubator with temperature and diurnal control, e.g. Percival incubator</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Percival Scientific, Inc.</td>
<td>I-30BLL</td>
<td>Interior space dimension:
Width: 65cm;
Height: 86cm;
Depth: 55cm</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Environmental incubator with temperature and diurnal control, e.g. DigiTherm Heating/Cooling Incubator with Circadian Timed Lighting and Timed Temperature</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Tritech Research, Inc.</td>
<td>05DT2CIRC001</td>
<td>Interior space dimension:
Width: 36m;
Height: 56m;
Depth: 28cm</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>APC Smart-UPS 2200VA 120V (Emergency power backup unit)</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>APC</td>
<td>SU2200NET</td>
<td>Output Power Capacity of 1600 Watts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sucrose</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sigma</td>
<td>S7903</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Bacto Agar</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Becton Dickinson</td>
<td>214010</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>TissuePrep Paraffin pellets</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
<td>T565</td>
<td>Melting point 56&deg;C-57&deg;C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Block heater </td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>VWR</td>
<td>12621-014</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>		</tbody>
		</table>
		</div>

assaying locomotor activity to study circadian rhythms and sleep parameters in drosophila

大多数生命形式表现出的细胞，生理和行为现象，是由内源性昼夜驱动（≡24小时）心脏起搏器或时钟的生活节奏。在人体生理系统的故障与许多疾病或功能紊乱。对我们的基本生理节律的机制认识出现了很大的进展，从遗传筛选，据此作为时钟功能读出一个容易测量的行为节奏。利用果蝇的研究，我们了解细胞和生化的昼夜节律的基地作出了开创性的贡献。在果蝇中读出测量的标准生物钟的行为是自发活动。在一般情况下，监控系统包括专门设计的设备，可以测量对果蝇的运动运动。这些设备被安置在环境控制的孵化器坐落在暗室和使用红外光束中断记录的小管内所载的个人苍蝇的自发活动。当过多少天计算， 果蝇表现出每天的活动和不活动周期，行为的节奏，是由动物的内源性昼夜节律系统管辖。与市售的自发活动的监控设备的出现和发展的数据分析软件方案，整个程序已经简化。我们使用系统的Trikinetics公司，这是这里所描述的过程，是目前全世界使用最流行的系统。最近，相同的监控设备已被用于研究在果蝇的睡眠行为。由于日常唤醒许多果蝇的睡眠周期可以同时测量只有1至2周，连续的自发活动数据通常是足够的，这个系统是理想的大型屏幕，以确定果蝇表现改变生物钟或睡眠属性。

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Assaying Locomotor Activity to Study Circadian Rhythms and Sleep Parameters in Drosophila at JoVE.com

Assaying Locomotor Activity to Study Circadian Rhythms and Sleep Parameters in Drosophila

我们描述用于记录日常的自发活动节律的过程<em&gt;果蝇</em&gt;和随后的数据分析。自发活动节律是一个可靠的动物生物钟的行为输出，时钟功能的标准读数研究昼夜的突变体或环境研究如何调节昼夜节律系统时使用。

含量自发活动，研究昼夜节律和睡眠参数果蝇</em

Most life forms exhibit daily rhythms in cellular, physiological and behavioral phenomena that are driven by endogenous circadian (&equiv;24 hr) ...

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Assaying Locomotor Activity to Study Circadian Rhythms and Sleep Parameters in Drosophila

46.2K 次观看.  Rutgers University. 我们描述用于记录日常的自发活动节律的过程果蝇和随后的数据分析。自发活动节律是一个可靠的动物生物钟的行为输出，时钟功能的标准读数研究昼夜的突变体或环境研究如何调节昼夜节律系统时使用。