作者没有确认。

所有的动物程序进行与辛辛那提大学的机构动物护理和使用委员会，并按照该指南实验动物从美国国立卫生研究院的护理和使用的批准（NIH出版号85-23执行， 1996年修订）。 1.准备鼠标<ol><li>通过使动物麻醉剂的剂量超治疗安乐死，异氟烷吸入到效果。验证通过脚趾捏小学安乐死的有害刺激。安乐死，膜片切割二次方法，将出现在即将到来的一步。替代方法可用于给予安乐死被获得。 </li><li> Sanitizie鼠标通过喷雾毛皮沿腹部区域，其中的初始切口将作出，用70％的乙醇对水分的点的外表面，以使毛皮是用乙醇湿润和任何松散/干的毛发不进入的区域。 </li><li>莱鼠标移出一个河畔gical板与上下附属物仰卧位向外延伸。 </li><li>采用手术胶带固定附属物向董事会。 </li></ol> 2.隔离的心脏和主动脉<ol><li>后的小鼠的正确定位，可以使用镊子来定位和隔离腹部皮肤只是逊色于胸骨的剑突。 </li><li>通过抬起皮肤垂直向上创建张力并用剪刀除去浅表皮肤，露出腹膜和胸腔的劣部的上部分。 </li><li>通过抬起剑突，使横向切口只是不如沿肋下边距过程进入腹膜腔。 </li><li>剖析了入胸腔，经过隔膜，是千万不要划破心脏或大血管。 </li><li>延伸在步骤2.3颅所作的横向切口，除去胸腔的前部。如果必要时，由前胸壁使用钝性分离释放的心脏。 </li><li>用无菌纱布吸收材料清理外来血液和液体胸腔。一旦该地区更加明显，取出肺，以更好地暴露心脏和主动脉。 </li></ol> 3.灌注心脏和主动脉注：要通过心脏穿刺获得血液，这样做之前，为了这一步。 <ol><li>填有10毫升注射器用10ml无菌冰冷的1X磷酸盐缓冲溶液（PBS）中，并附加一25号针头的注射器中。 </li><li>轻轻插入针头插入心脏的左心室。 </li><li>切开右心房，从灌注缓解压力积聚。灌注注射器的内容物到小鼠在2 - 3分钟。 </li><li>用无菌纱布在开口在右心房吸收灌注流体。 </li></ol> 4.隔离主动脉和切除<ol><li>当PE完成rfusion，用无菌纱布吸收任何剩余流体胸腔内混浊的视场。 </li><li>通过切割尾端穿过腹壁，延伸切口到耻骨区露出胃肠内容物。进一步延长切口对下肢双侧创建皮瓣可以牵制或切除。 </li><li>取出肝脏，胰腺，胃，脾，和肠的裂片，以更好地可视化的主动脉。肾周区域附近解剖时，由于主动脉是肤浅的肾动脉的分支照顾。 注：执行该步骤中精确和录取方式为胃肠道是丰富的细菌，这增加了倾向污染。 </li><li>冲洗1X PBS面积和吸收删除所有流体用无菌纱布。 </li><li>使用无菌microscissors和microforceps，从脊柱背侧和腹侧食道分离主动脉。最好是使用钝性分离，并利用解剖镜下这一点。 注意：在分离所述主动脉，启动尾端在髂分叉并移动颅清洁和从所述腔的背侧表面分离主动脉或启动颅在颈动脉和头臂动脉解剖尾端。任一种方法是适当的，要由研究人员的舒适度。 </li><li>取出用细microscissors，确保没有删除主动脉壁的一部分血管周围脂肪组织。这是必要的培养的主动脉平滑肌细胞时，以尽量减少潜在的成纤维细胞的污染。 </li></ol>

<ol>
	<li>Go, A. S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Heart+disease+and+stroke+statistics--2014+update:+a+report+from+the+American+Heart+Association.">Heart disease and stroke statistics--2014 update: a report from the American Heart Association.</a> Circulation. 129 (3), 28-292 (2014).</li><li>Ross, R., Harker, L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Hyperlipidemia+and+atherosclerosis.">Hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis.</a> Science. 193 (4258), 1094-1100 (1976).</li><li>Clouse, W. D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Acute+aortic+dissection:+population-based+incidence+compared+with+degenerative+aortic+aneurysm+rupture.">Acute aortic dissection: population-based incidence compared with degenerative aortic aneurysm rupture.</a> Mayo Clin Proc. 79 (2), 176-180 (2004).</li><li>Daugherty, A., Cassis, L. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mouse+models+of+abdominal+aortic+aneurysms.">Mouse models of abdominal aortic aneurysms.</a> Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 24 (3), 429-434 (2004).</li><li>Pleumeekers, H. J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Aneurysms+of+the+abdominal+aorta+in+older+adults.+The+Rotterdam+Study.">Aneurysms of the abdominal aorta in older adults. The Rotterdam Study.</a> Am J Epidemiol. 142 (12), 1291-1299 (1995).</li><li>Brophy, C. M., Reilly, J. M., Smit, G. J., Tilson, M. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+role+of+inflammation+in+nonspecific+abdominal+aortic+aneurysm+disease.">The role of inflammation in nonspecific abdominal aortic aneurysm disease.</a> Ann Vasc Surg. 5 (3), 229-233 (1991).</li><li>Ray, J. L., Leach, R., Herbert, J. M., Benson, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Isolation+of+vascular+smooth+muscle+cells+from+a+single+murine+aorta.">Isolation of vascular smooth muscle cells from a single murine aorta.</a> Methods Cell Sci. 23 (4), 185-188 (2001).</li><li>Weiss, R. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Imaging+the+murine+cardiovascular+system+with+magnetic+resonance.">Imaging the murine cardiovascular system with magnetic resonance.</a> Circ Res. 88 (6), 550-551 (2001).</li><li>Graham, E. L., Balla, C., Franchino, H., Melman, Y., del Monte, F., Das, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Isolation+culture,+and+functional+characterization+of+adult+mouse+cardiomyoctyes.">Isolation culture, and functional characterization of adult mouse cardiomyoctyes.</a> J Vis Exp. (79), 50289 (2013).</li><li>Wassef, M., Upchurch, G. R., Kuivaniemi, H., Thompson, R. W., Tilson, M. D. 3. r. d. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Challenges+and+opportunities+in+abdominal+aortic+aneurysm+research.">Challenges and opportunities in abdominal aortic aneurysm research.</a> J Vasc Surg. 45 (1), 192-198 (2007).</li></ol>

作者什么都没有透露。

Aortic disease can lead to significant systemic pathology and possibly death in severe cases. Treatment options are currently limited therefore continued research in the field is necessary10. Murine models are ideal to further study disease progression and potentially therapeutic options4. Therefore, the successful completion of the method described in this manuscript will provide investigators with the tools to measure disease progression and drug efficacy. 
This techniq...

主动脉在心血管功能的关键作用供给体与含氧血液和身体的类似其他部分，是容易感染疾病。常见的主动脉疾病包括动脉粥样硬化和动脉瘤，这是遗传和环境因素，包括饮食，吸烟和久坐的生活方式1的结果。动脉粥样硬化是一种碳酸钙和基于脂质的斑块到主动脉壁的通常存在于患有慢性血症2的沉积。动脉瘤的特征是主动脉和血管壁的变薄的结构部件，接着是直径增加最终会出现破裂3的降解。 动物模型是用于研究疾病和潜在的治疗功效的机制的重要工具。在心血管研究中常用的动物模型，专门研究调查血管及代谢紊乱包括转基因小鼠，以改变脂质水平，如载脂蛋白E基因敲除和低密度脂蛋白受体基因敲除小鼠4。多数方法来评估疾病和治疗功效的机制将包括主动脉的分离和切除。 一旦主动脉被定位和分离，形态测定分析可确定，如存在动脉瘤，通常定义为在直径5增加大于50％。经过必要的原位分析完成后，主动脉可切下用于进一步分析。一个切除的主动脉，可快速冷冻以进行分子学研究，如蛋白质和/或基因表达的测定法或用4％多聚甲醛固定和更高包埋，切片并染色用于组织学分析。主动脉的组织学分析，可以显示主动脉疾病的共同特征，例如结构退化，斑形成，和白细胞浸润&lt;SUP&gt; 6,7。此外，一个离体主动脉可用于分离原代细胞系，包括内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞，随后可以用于各种体外研究7。 目前，还没有其他的方法来提供这种深入表征主动脉疾病，以及为研究人员提供工具，进一步研究心血管疾病。成像模态诸如磁共振成像，计算机断层扫描和超声是形态学评估的主动脉的接近的方法，然而，这是难以在小动物和获取设备与适当的技术是昂贵的8。永生化细胞系可购到调查疾病和疗法的效力的潜在机制，但是这些细胞的人造性质被限制在研究对细胞周期和凋亡9的影响。 的总目标该原稿是展示在心血管疾病的调查鼠主动脉的无菌隔离和切除。

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isolation and excision of murine aorta; a versatile technique in the study of cardiovascular disease

Cardiovascular disease is a broad term describing disease of the heart and/or blood vessels. The main blood vessel supplying the body with oxygenated blood is the aorta. The aorta may become affected in diseases such as atherosclerosis and aneurysm. Researchers investigating these diseases would benefit from direct observation of the aorta to characterize disease progression as well as to evaluate efficacy of potential therapeutics. The goal of this protocol is to describe proper isolation and excision of the aorta to aid investigators researching cardiovascular disease. Isolation and excision of the aorta allows investigators to look at gross morphometric changes as wells as allowing them to preserve and stain the tissue to look at histologic changes if desired. The aorta may be used for molecular studies to evaluate protein and gene expression to discover targets of interest and mechanisms of action. This technique is superior to imaging modalities as they have inherent limitations in technology and cost. Additionally, primary isolated cells from a freshly isolated and excised aorta can allowing researchers to perform further in situ and in vitro assays. The isolation and excision of the aorta has the limitation of having to sacrifice the animal however, in this case the benefits outweigh the harm as it is the most versatile technique in the study of aortic disease.

一旦程序完成后，将有一个完整的主动脉从心脏起源，降入胸腔和腹腔与肾动脉仍连接（ 图1A）。从这里，主动脉可原位成像以量化它们是诊断中的腹主动脉瘤（ 图1B和1C）的研究形态学变化。随后，主动脉可去除的，固定并染色来看待组织学变化。主动脉的一般和共同染色是苏木精和曙红染色（ 图2A和2B）。此外，主动脉的?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Isolation and Excision of Murine Aorta; A Versatile Technique in the Study of Cardiovascular Disease at JoVE.com

Isolation and Excision of Murine Aorta; A Versatile Technique in the Study of Cardiovascular Disease

Pathology of the aorta can lead to severe morbidity and mortality, therefore research of disease progression and potential therapies is warranted. Here, we present a protocol to isolate and excise the murine aorta to aid researchers in their investigation of cardiovascular disease.

隔离和小鼠主动脉切除;心血管疾病研究的一个多功能的技术

Cardiovascular disease is a broad term describing disease of the heart and/or blood vessels. The main blood vessel supplying the body with oxygenated ...

isolation-excision-murine-aorta-versatile-technique-study

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32.0K 次观看.  University of Cincinnati College of Medicine. Pathology of the aorta can lead to severe morbidity and mortality, therefore research of disease progression and potential therapies is warranted. Here, we present a protocol to isolate and excise the murine aorta to aid researchers in their investigation of cardiovascular disease. 