Name: isolation of murine coronary vascular smooth muscle cells
Uploaded: 2016-05-30T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Isolation of Murine Coronary Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells at JoVE.com

This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (R01HL056046 to PAL and K99HL116769 to AJT), and The Research Institute at Nationwide Children&#39;s Hospital (to PAL and AJT).

Ethics Statement: This study was conducted in accordance with the National Institutes of Health Guidelines, and it was approved by the Institution Animal Care and Use Committee at Nationwide Children&#39;s Hospital.
1. Preparation/Set up
Note: This isolation technique requires two Langendorff heating coils positioned side-by-side on a ring stand, and connected in parallel to a circulating water bath.
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	<li>Turn on circulating water bath and adjust temperature to achieve a final temperature of 33-34 &#...

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The purpose of this study was to adapt existing cell isolation protocols to increase the yield of coronary vascular smooth from murine hearts. Most of the pioneering work in vascular smooth muscle biology was performed with cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cells. These studies provided fundamental knowledge of molecular mechanisms that control VSMC growth, migration and hypertrophy7. However, as the field progressed, it became apparent that VSMC phenotype and function was controlled by a number of vascular be...

The goal of this method is to isolate vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from the murine coronary circulation for use in cell culture and standard cell culture assays. We developed this technique to assess the molecular mechanisms of vascular remodeling in diabetes. We have previously reported inward hypertrophic remodeling in the septal coronary arterioles in the db/db mouse model of diabetes1. Due to the limited amount of tissue found in the murine septal coronaries, standard experimental techniques investigating protein changes (e.g. western blot) in db/db and control mice are difficult at best. In addition, we have previously shown that the angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) losartan reduces the remodeling observed in db/db mice2. Therefore, isolation of primary VSMCs from the coronary circulation allows us to further investigate changes in VSMC phenotype or activated signaling pathways in diabetic mice, which may be contributing to adverse coronary arteriole remodeling.
Numerous studies have elucidated canonical signaling pathways using VSMCs isolated from rodent aorta, rather than in each specific vascular bed. However, we have demonstrated vascular-bed specific remodeling in coronary, aortic, and mesenteric circulations of db/db mice1, suggesting the VSMCs in each vascular bed may be different. Therefore, it is necessary to isolate VSMCs from each vascular bed in order to better understand the pathological changes occurring in each set of VSMCs. There are a plethora of different methods for isolating and culturing aortic VSMCs. However, currently, there is only one study that has been published on the isolation of VSMCs from the mouse coronary circulation3. Teng et al. was the first to report a method for isolating VSMCs from the mouse coronary circulation; however, we have amended the protocol significantly as they also isolated endothelial cells. Other labs have also used the protocol from Teng et al. to isolate coronary arterial myocytes and airway smooth muscle cells4,5. The alterations we have incorporated will yield a population of cells highly enriched for VSMCs from the coronary circulation.
The retrograde perfusion of the isolated mammalian heart, or Langendorff technique, was established in 18976 by Oscar Langendorff and is still widely used today for the isolation of cardiovascular cells. The technique presented here, coupled with the advancement of modern murine genetic modifications, provides a valuable tool for closer investigation of the molecular behavior of VSMCs from the coronary circulation.

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		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:331px;">Fetal bovine serum</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">16140-071</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:331px;">HEPES 1M solution</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">Fisher</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">MT-25-060</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Primocin - 20mL</td>
			<td>Invivogen</td>
			<td>ant-pm-2</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">DMEM (High Glucose, Sodium Pyruvate, L-Glutamine)&#160;</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>11995-065</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">MEM NEAA 10 mM 100X</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>11140-050</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">L-Glut 200 mM - Gibco</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>25030-081</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;"></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Sterile Cell Strainer 100um nylon mesh</td>
			<td>Fisher</td>
			<td>22363549</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Nunclon Polystrene dish with lid, sterile, 35 mm</td>
			<td>Fisher</td>
			<td>12-565-91</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Harvard Apparatus black silk suture 5-0</td>
			<td>Fisher</td>
			<td>14-516-124</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:331px;"></td>
			<td style="width:143px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Collagenase Type-2&#160;</td>
			<td>Worthington Biochemical</td>
			<td>LS004176</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Soybean Trypsin Inhibitor 25mg</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>T6522</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:331px;"></td>
			<td style="width:143px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Hanks&#39; Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS) (1X), liquid (clear)</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td>14175-103</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Hanks&#39; Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS) (1X), liquid (phenol red)</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td>14170-161</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:331px;"></td>
			<td style="width:143px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:331px;"></td>
			<td style="width:143px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">5.0 ml heating coil with degassing bubble trap</td>
			<td>Radnoti</td>
			<td>158830</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:331px;">11 plus pump</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">Harvard Apparatus</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">70-2208</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:331px;">Circulating heated water pump</td>
			<td style="width:143px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>any brand will work</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

isolation of murine coronary vascular smooth muscle cells

While the isolation and culture of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from large vessels is well established, we sought to isolate and culture VSMCs from the coronary circulation. Hearts with intact aortic arches were removed and perfused via retrograde Langendorff with digestion solution containing 300 Units/ml of collagenase type II, 0.1 mg/ml soybean trypsin inhibitor and 1 M CaCl2. The perfusates were collected at 15 min intervals for 90 min, pelleted by centrifugation, resuspended in plating media, and plated on tissue culture dishes. VSMCs were characterized by presence of SM22&#945;, &#945;-SMA, and vimentin. One of the main advantages of using this technique is the ability to isolate VSMCs from the coronary circulation of mice. Although the small number of cells obtained can limit some of the applications for which the cells can be utilized, isolated coronary VSMCs can be used in a variety of well-established cell culture techniques and assays. Studies investigating VSMCs from genetically modified mice can provide further information about structure-function and signaling processes associated with vascular pathologies.

Due to the novel aspect of our coronary VSMC isolation technique, we sought to determine the purity of the cell isolation. Mouse coronary VSMCs were identified based on their morphology and immunofluorescence staining up to passage 2. Based on morphology of the cells in culture after the first wash, the isolation procedure effectively removes cardiac myocytes and endothelial cells. The VSMCs retain their morphology up to passage 2 (Figure 1). However, there is a possibili...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Isolation of Murine Coronary Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells at JoVE.com

Isolation of Murine Coronary Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells

The purpose of this protocol is to demonstrate the isolation and culture techniques of murine primary vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from the coronary circulation. Once VSMCs have been isolated, they can be used for many standard culture techniques.

While the isolation and culture of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from large vessels is well established, we sought to isolate and culture VSMCs ...

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