作者没有确认。

按照当地伦理委员会知情同意后，从健康的志愿者得到血内皮祖细胞的分离。在迁移实验中使用的血清样本来自行常规心脏手术使用体外循环（CPB）的患者。排除标准是紧急行动，已知或怀疑怀孕，patient`s年龄小于18岁，而未能获得知情同意书。血清样品中除了临床常规测量（立即手术之前和之后立即主动脉阻断的心肌再灌注/开口），随后保存于-80℃直至最终分析绘制。该机构审查委员会（伦理委员会，亚琛工业大学）批准了这项研究。患者表现为68.6岁，平均年龄和平均体重81.7公斤。预现有的疾病包括:高血压（65％），慢性肺疾病（19％），额外的心脏动脉（16％），脑功能障碍（6％），不稳定型心绞痛（3％），最近心肌梗塞（90天的28％），慢性肾病（14％），肝脏疾病（2％）和糖尿病（34％）。 1，T75瓶的涂层: <ol><li>制备5毫升纤连蛋白溶液每T75烧瓶（在15毫升的超纯水稀释1毫克的人纤连蛋白）。 </li><li>该解决方案添加到T75烧瓶，等到水蒸发。以避免在隔离过程中由于蒸发的任何不必要的中断，提前执行该过程（ 例如 ，过夜）并在室温下。该解决方案提供了4.44微克纤维连接蛋白/厘米2。 </li><li>通过补充与由制造商提供的生长因子补充剂基底MV2介质制备内皮细胞生长培养基MV2。 </li></ol> 2.分离60毫升静脉内皮祖细胞（EPC）的: 注:由于CD34阳性选择鸡尾酒第二磁性珠在组合选择试剂盒可商购的，不存在由制造商提供的浓度。然而，约100微升的抗体的足够用于处理达5×10 8个细胞。磁性珠粒在水中稀释，葡聚糖涂覆至约5000倍较小的相比其他市售珠。欲了解更多信息，请参阅生产厂家的说明书。 <ol><li>混血（含或不含抗凝剂）1:1 的 Ca 2+ -Mg 2+的 PBS。 </li><li>加入15mL每50毫升管密度梯度的解决方案。欲了解更多信息，请参阅生产厂家的说明书。 </li><li>慢慢层上的密度梯度溶液的顶部的稀释血液。 </li><li>样品离心在2500 XG与缓慢加速和制动没有30分钟。 </li><li>仔细收集用无菌塑料吸管每个管（ 图1）的棕黄色涂层，放入另一个管。避免密度梯度解决方案集合。预期的PBMC收率是大约3-4×10 6细胞/ mL的血液。 </li></ol><img alt="图1" src="/files/ftp_upload/55192/55192fig1.jpg" /> 图1:菲解决方案Bbuffy大衣的密度梯度离心。示出的是在2,500 xg离心的密度梯度溶液30分钟，密度梯度离心的结果。描绘是红细胞和粒细胞（红色），单核细胞部分（白层），等离子体（黄色），和密度梯度溶液（发白）。 <a href="http://ecsource.jove.com/files/ftp_upload/55192/55192fig1large.jpg" target="_blank">请点击此处查看该图的放大版本。</a> <ol start="6"><li>稀释外周血单核细胞级分与至少3倍体积的PBS混合。离心机在室温下以200×g的15分钟。 </li><li>重复步骤2.6的两倍。&lt;/ LI&gt; <li>吸在5mL MV2介质的上清，重悬细胞沉淀。 </li><li>加入100μl人CD34抗体（足够用于处理达5×10 8个细胞）每用于血沉棕黄层并旋转，在37℃，5％CO 2的15分钟。 </li><li>添加50微升的每用于血沉棕黄层葡聚糖包被的磁性小珠，并在37℃，5％CO 2的旋转10分钟。 </li><li>温育后，转移悬浮液到FACS管与每个管最多3毫升。更高的量将不会允许与磁铁。 </li><li>插入的FACS管（多个）到磁体（多个），并等待5分钟。 </li><li>弃上清不拉FACS管出来的磁铁。 </li><li>重悬在每个FACS管用3mL MV2培养基中的细胞的磁体之外。 </li><li>重复步骤2.12-2.14两次。 </li><li>拉FACS管出来的磁铁和悬浮在3mL MV2培养基中的细胞。 </li><li>细胞悬液转移到预涂T75˚Flasks并添加每瓶17毫升MV2网上平台。 注:媒体应在3天后被改变。一周后，细胞显示纺锤状结构（ 图2），并准备好使用。对于隔离的俯视见图3。 </li></ol><img alt="图2" src="/files/ftp_upload/55192/55192fig2.jpg" /> 图2:隔离的内皮祖细胞显微图像。示出的是分离的早期内皮祖细胞中之前脱离一个T75烧瓶代表图像。显而易见的是内皮祖细胞的纺锤状结构。 <a href="http://ecsource.jove.com/files/ftp_upload/55192/55192fig2large.jpg" target="_blank">请点击此处查看该图的放大版本。</a> <img alt="图3" src="/files/ftp_upload/55192/55192fig3.jpg" /> 图3:流程图显示了EPC分离过程。描绘的方案，显示ING的EPC隔离协议的单一步骤。对于更详细的协议，看到在协议部分第2节。 3.迁移实验<ol><li>除去从T75烧瓶内皮祖细胞的媒介。 </li><li>通过仔细地摇动用5毫升的PBS洗涤。 </li><li>除去PBS，加入5毫升的商业细胞脱离的解决方案。等待，直至细胞分离（在显微镜下检查）。通过仔细轻敲烧瓶底部加速脱离。 </li><li>当细胞被分离，迅速加入5毫升MV2完全培养基和细胞悬浮液转移到另一个管。 </li><li>离心在2000×g离心5分钟。 </li><li>在2000 xg离心再次重悬在5-10毫升的PBS细胞，离心5分钟。 </li><li>重复步骤3.6。 </li><li>重悬MV2饥饿培养基的细胞沉淀（50,000细胞需要每轮回以及75微升）。 注意:需要哪些迁移系统依赖于细胞类型和测定。有差异<html> erent孔径和板尺寸（孔数）。对于内皮祖细胞的5微米的96孔系统中的孔径是最佳的。 </li><li>通过将血清样品的235微升准备迁移板（血清稀释1:5的MV2饥饿培养基）到下部腔室（ 图4）。 </li></ol><img alt="图4" src="/files/ftp_upload/55192/55192fig4.jpg" /> 图4:迁移实验在修改后的Boyden小室。示出的是一个改良的Boyden室的一般设计。将细胞培养插入物（=上部腔室）的深蓝色指示和被插入到下腔室。这些刀片的底部（但不是壁）表示过滤器系统，包括的孔隙。 （a）表示在时间点零设置。 （b）在选定的时间点后，将细胞通过朝一个刺激的过滤器迁移。fig4large.jpg"目标="_空白"&gt;点击此处查看该图的放大版本。 <ol start="10"><li>添加插入前不久加入细胞溶液。 </li><li>加入细胞溶液75微升（= 50,000个细胞）到上部室中。 </li><li> 让内皮祖细胞迁移在37℃下3小时，5％的CO 2（迁移时间取决于细胞类型和系统）。 <ol><li>以避免血清自动荧光伪影，使用半自动化的软件"的ImageJ"通过取的阱图片在显微镜下量化迁移的细胞并计数细胞。 </li></ol></li><li>拆下上部室（包含所有未迁移细胞）。 </li><li>加入70微升3.6％多聚甲醛溶液，其中包括赫斯特染料（稀释1:1000）。该板可以被存储在37℃和5％的CO 2过夜。 </li><li>离心板不久将得到所有细胞在同一焦平面在2000 XG为1-2分钟。 </li><li>以每W 5图片ELL（ 图5和6）用放大100倍。 </li></ol><img alt="图5" src="/files/ftp_upload/55192/55192fig5.jpg" /> 图5:方案显示所拍摄图像的位置。该方案描述了五个拍摄的照片，这是所需要的迁移的细胞的测定，相对于所述井的位置。这些照片被带到细胞计数，计算每一个平均值好。 <a href="http://ecsource.jove.com/files/ftp_upload/55192/55192fig5large.jpg" target="_blank">请点击此处查看该图的放大版本。</a> <img alt="图6" src="/files/ftp_upload/55192/55192fig6.jpg" /> 图6:细胞定量显微图像。示出的是一个代表图像，将其取为细胞定量。将细胞染色并固定USI吴赫司特染料在3.6％多聚甲醛。这些点代表固定和染色内皮祖细胞。 <a href="http://ecsource.jove.com/files/ftp_upload/55192/55192fig6large.jpg" target="_blank">请点击此处查看该图的放大版本。</a> <ol start="17"><li>使用半自动化软件"的ImageJ"的美国国立卫生研究院计数迁移细胞。 </li></ol>

作者什么都没有透露。

这项研究的第一部分包括从健康志愿者外周血内皮祖细胞的分离，使心脏手术患者的血液进行综合评价。因此，进行密度梯度离心以分离血浆，粒细胞和红细胞PBMC部分。以除去大部分污染的血小板，该细胞级分进行短和慢洗涤步骤29，30。接着，CD34 +细胞是从剩余的成分中分离到的祖细胞从剩余淋巴细胞，和单核细胞中分离出来。最后，将细胞?...

<html>内皮祖细胞（EPCs）的循环中的人血和具有分化成血管内皮细胞2的能力。他们参与血管生成，并能够最小化以各种方式3,4引起的炎症和缺血/再灌注（I / R）损伤的损害。例如，内皮祖细胞内展示抗氧化酶过氧化氢酶一样，谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶，锰超氧化物歧化酶（歧化酶）5水平升高。对氧化应激的升高电阻允许内皮祖细胞在缺血性损伤后6升高的活性氧（ROS）的微环境的作用。以前的研究还表明，内皮祖细胞的数目可能是相关的血管修复和循环内皮祖细胞的数目减少预测心血管事件7的发生，类="外部参照"&gt; 8。然而，EPC一个明确的定义还没有找到呢。到现在为止，对于内皮祖细胞没有特定的细胞表面标记物或一致的表型和这些细胞在外周血9非常罕见的。一个人类的EPC应视为以促进受伤内皮和新血管结构的重建能力的循环细胞。 分离和表征内皮祖细胞的一种方式是通过粘附于纤连蛋白。从而，这些细胞的能力被用来显示优异的粘合性纤连蛋白相比1型胶原蛋白，例如3，10，11涂覆菜肴。然而，其他人发现，镀上纤连蛋白包被的培养皿的单核细胞，没有任何先前的或进一步的纯化步骤导致菌落包括骨髓祖细胞，单核细胞和T淋巴细胞12，13，14。此外，在这种情况下，血小板可能污染的单核细胞（MNC）部分和由此质膜蛋白转移到任何贴壁细胞15。 除了通过在体外粘附试验表征，不同的细胞表面标志物的组合被用于描述视为一个EPC细胞类型。在这种情况下，纤连蛋白介导的粘附之后，将细胞进行分析关于其内皮样的属性。在此过程中，两个内皮细胞相关标记物，乙酰化低密度脂蛋白（acLDL）和血管内皮生长因子受体-2（VEGFR-2，KDR），发挥作用。内皮细胞和巨噬细胞已显示出特别占用acLDL在一个被称为"清道夫细胞途径"16的过程。另一个标志物蛋白是KDR作为对内皮主VEGF受体细胞17。然而，如在一般的EPCs在补充有内皮细胞生长因子和胎牛血清的培养基中培养，有可能是巨噬细胞，这可能也已被错误地分离，表现出内皮状标志物谱。如前所示，如果内皮空调的培养基培养，巨噬细胞表达"特定内皮"的蛋白质18。 在一般情况下，有两类更亚型内内皮祖细胞，其可在血液中找到或在体外进行培养。后期产物内皮祖细胞（后期的EPC）2-3周的文化之后。这些细胞被集成快进人脐静脉内皮细胞单层，并能形成毛细管19。此外，所谓的"早期内皮祖细胞"在血液中循环以更无源的方式约一周并充当通过递送血管生成分子，如血管内皮生长因子（VEGF），或CXCL8 19。患者冠状动脉疾病（CAD）显示显著较低的数额早期内皮祖细胞相比，没有CAD 20对照组。有趣的是，相比于对照组相同的组显示出较高量的后期内皮祖细胞。另有研究表明，早期内皮祖细胞分化保护内皮祖细胞凋亡的氧化条件下，在旁分泌方式6。因此，早期内皮祖细胞可能提供通过其他细胞的一个自动或旁分泌的方式外周血内迁移相关的保护作用。 这个协议描述了通过首先分离人外周血的PBMC级分并随后从PBMC级分中分离的 CD34 +细胞以清除不需要的细胞此细胞悬浮液以纯化早期内皮祖细胞的方法。 CD34是一个标记，其用于人类造血干细胞9的隔离</sup&gt;。事后，CD34 +细胞是在纤连蛋白包被的组织培养表面进行培养。三天后，将培养基更换，从而失去所有非贴壁细胞。最后，分离的内皮祖细胞进行染色，以验证acLDL的摄取和KDR存在内皮细胞标记物，通过使用荧光激活细胞分选（FACS）。作为额外的标记，我们分析血小板内皮细胞粘附分子（PECAM-1，CD31），其也发生在内皮细胞上。 通过内皮祖细胞的招募增强受损或梗死心肌组织的恢复属于心血管疾病的深入研究治疗策略。然而，实验结果到临床实践的翻译仍然具有挑战性的，因为在各种病理生理条件在人体内的复杂的细胞相互作用。此外，心肌I / R损伤触发各种细胞因子，激素和生长FAC的过度分泌<html>器，它控制内皮祖细胞的归巢到的血管形成13个区域。如已经示出，CXCL8，基质细胞衍生因子1α（SDF-1α，CXCL12），血管内皮生长因子和巨噬细胞迁移抑制因子（MIF）的显著血清样品中的心肌I / R损伤1增加。在这些因素中，MIF是主要具有促炎性特性的多效性趋化因子样细胞因子。相反，它的历史名称，MIF具有促迁移功能，作为对各种细胞类型1，21，22真正的趋化因子。 MIF介导的细胞募集过程已经链接到趋化因子受体CXCR2和CXCR4，其中MIF结合并以非同源方式21激活。值得注意的是，内皮祖细胞同时表达这些受体在它们的表面，在其上附加地成为上调低氧条件下的屁股="外部参照"&gt; 23，24。此外，越来越多的证据表明，MIF中的心脏22，25，26的I / R损伤期间具有总体心脏保护作用。在这种情况下，它已被进一步表明MIF可能缺氧的压力是特别重要的，考虑到受伤的心肌27的有限恢复机制，当在支持新生血管。在临床前小鼠模型先前的体外研究和实验提供了有关MIF在内皮祖细胞募集4的作用第一个证据。值得注意的是，MIF也是内皮祖细胞的一个显着货物的蛋白质可能内皮祖细胞招募中的缺血部位28内发布。然而，与其他（血管）血清细胞因子比较特别的临床研究的设置仍然无法实现。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="803">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:257px;">Fibronectin</td>
			<td style="width:185px;">Biochrom AG</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">L7117</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">Coating of T-75 flasks</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:257px;">Aqua ad iniectabilia</td>
			<td style="width:185px;">Fresenius Kabi</td>
			<td style="width:155px;"></td>
			<td style="width:207px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="43">
			<td height="43" style="height:43px;width:257px;">Endothelial cell growth medium MV2</td>
			<td style="width:185px;">Promo Cell</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">C-22221</td>
			<td style="width:207px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="43">
			<td height="43" style="height:43px;width:257px;">Endothelial cell growth medium MV2 SupplementMix</td>
			<td style="width:185px;">Promo Cell</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">C-39226</td>
			<td style="width:207px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="64">
			<td height="64" style="height:64px;width:257px;">Ficoll-Paque plus</td>
			<td style="width:185px;">GE Healthcare</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">17-1440-03</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">Density centrifugation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="64">
			<td height="64" style="height:64px;width:257px;">EasySep human CD34 positive Selection Kit</td>
			<td style="width:185px;">Stemcell Technologies</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">18056</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">Isolation of CD34+ cells</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="64">
			<td height="64" style="height:64px;width:257px;">EasySep magnet</td>
			<td style="width:185px;">Stemcell Technologies</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">18000</td>
			<td style="width:207px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:257px;">Accutase</td>
			<td style="width:185px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">A6964-100ML</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">Detachment of cells</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="43">
			<td height="43" style="height:43px;width:257px;">Corning HTS transwell 96 well permeable supports</td>
			<td style="width:185px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">CLS3387-8EA</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">Migration system</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="43">
			<td height="43" style="height:43px;width:257px;">Hoechst solution</td>
			<td style="width:185px;">ThermoFisher</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">33342</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">Staining of migrated cells</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="64">
			<td height="64" style="height:64px;width:257px;">ImageJ</td>
			<td style="width:185px;">National institutes of health</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">xxx</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">Counting of migrated cells</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

isolation of endothelial progenitor cells from healthy volunteers and their migratory potential influenced by serum samples after cardiac surgery

内皮祖细胞（EPCs）从像缺氧的病理条件下骨髓招募并关键参与缺血组织的新血管形成。内皮祖细胞的起源，分类和特征是复杂的;尽管如此，两个突出的子类型内皮祖细胞已经建立:所谓"早"内皮祖细胞（后来被称为早期的EPC）和晚期产物内皮祖细胞（后期的EPC）。它们可以通过生物学性质以及通过体外培养过程中其外观进行分类。而"早"内皮祖细胞在EC-特定媒体外周血单个核细胞培养后出现在不到一周的时间，后期生长内皮祖细胞可以2-3周后才会发现。后期长出的EPCs已经识别到直接参与新血管形成，主要是通过其分化成成熟内皮细胞的能力，而"早"内皮祖细胞表达各种血管生成因子如子叶OU的货物以促进血管生成的旁分泌方式。在心肌缺血/再灌注（I / R），各种因素控制的EPC到血管形成区域归位。 巨噬细胞迁移抑制因子（MIF）是一种趋化因子样促炎和遍在表达的细胞因子和最近描述的在生理浓度1起作用内皮祖细胞迁移的关键调节剂。有趣的是，MIF存储在细胞内池，并且可以迅速地被释放到经过刺激血液流（ 如心肌梗塞）。 本协议描述了从成人外周血基于与随后的培养在培养基中的使用纤连蛋白涂层板内皮生长因子对血清样本的体外迁移实验CD34阳性选择早期内皮祖细胞的可靠分离培养方法的心脏手术的患者。此外，该MIF对内皮祖细胞的趋化性迁徙的影响力相比其他知名血管生成的细胞因子刺激论证。

隔离内皮祖细胞的表征首先，acLDL的摄取验证，以及KDR的分离的细胞群的表面上的表达，和CD31。如图7a所示，分离的内皮祖细胞的85.1％，表现出acLDL的摄取和表达CD31。 图7b和7c进一步证明两种标记的均匀分布，虽然似乎有一个较小的种群，负两个标记。在第二步骤中，进行与KDR组合acLDL的FACS?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Isolation of Endothelial Progenitor Cells from Healthy Volunteers and Their Migratory Potential Influenced by Serum Samples After Cardiac Surgery at JoVE.com

Isolation of Endothelial Progenitor Cells from Healthy Volunteers and Their Migratory Potential Influenced by Serum Samples After Cardiac Surgery

内皮祖细胞（EPCs）的关键参与缺血组织的新血管形成。这个方法描述了从外周血内皮祖细胞的分离，以及它们对心脏手术患者的血清样品洄游潜在的识别。

从健康志愿者和它们的迁徙可能通过血清中的影响心脏手术后的内皮祖细胞的分离

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are recruited from the bone marrow under pathological conditions like hypoxia and are crucially involved in the ...

isolation-endothelial-progenitor-cells-from-healthy-volunteers-their

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

10.9K 次观看.  University Hospital Aachen. 内皮祖细胞（EPCs）的关键参与缺血组织的新血管形成。这个方法描述了从外周血内皮祖细胞的分离，以及它们对心脏手术患者的血清样品洄游潜在的识别。 

视频: Isolation of Endothelial Progenitor Cells from Healthy Volunteers and Their Migratory Potential Influenced by Serum Samples After Cardiac Surgery

Isolation, Characterization and Comparative Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Derived from Permanent Teeth by Using Two Different Methods

Developing wisdom teeth are easy-accessible source of stem cells during the adulthood which could be obtained by routine orthodontic treatments. Human pulp-derived stem cells (hDPSCs) possess high proliferation potential with multi-lineage differentiation capacity compare to the ordinary source of adult stem cells1-8; therefore, hDPSCs could be the good candidates for autologous transplantation in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Along with these benefits, possessing the mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) features, such as immunolodulatory effect, make hDPSCs more valuable, even in the case of allograft transplantation6,9,10. Therefore, the primary step for using this source of stem cells is to select the best protocol for isolating hDPSCs from pulp tissue. In order to achieve this goal, it is crucial to investigate the effect of various isolation conditions on different cellular behaviors, such as their common surface markers &amp; also their differentiation capacity.
Thus, here we separate human pulp tissue from impacted third molar teeth, and then used both existing protocols based on literature, for isolating hDPSCs,11-13 i.e. enzymatic dissociation of pulp tissue (DPSC-ED) or outgrowth from tissue explants (DPSC-OG). In this regards, we tried to facilitate the isolation methods by using dental diamond disk. Then, these cells characterized in terms of stromal-associated Markers (CD73, CD90, CD105 &amp; CD44), hematopoietic/endothelial Markers (CD34, CD45 &amp; CD11b), perivascular marker, like CD146 and also STRO-1. Afterwards, these two protocols were compared based on the differentiation potency into odontoblasts by both quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) &amp; Alizarin Red Staining. QPCR were used for the assessment of the expression of the mineralization-related genes (alkaline phosphatase; ALP, matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein; MEPE &amp; dentin sialophosphoprotein; DSPP).14

The method described isolation and characterization of human Dental Pulp Stem Cells (hDPSCs) by using either enzymatic dissociation of pulp (DPSC-ED) or direct outgrowth of stem cells from pulp tissue explants (DPSC-OG). Then followed by in vitro comparative differentiation of both types of hDPSCs into odontoblasts.

人牙髓干细胞的分离，鉴定和比较性恒牙使用两种不同的方法，得出

Developing wisdom teeth are easy-accessible source of stem cells during the adulthood which could be obtained by routine orthodontic treatments. Human ...

科研

医学

Isolation of Cancer Stem Cells From Human Prostate Cancer Samples

The cancer stem cell (CSC) model has been considerably revisited over the last two decades. During this time CSCs have been identified and directly isolated from human tissues and serially propagated in immunodeficient mice, typically through antibody labeling of subpopulations of cells and fractionation by flow cytometry. However, the unique clinical features of prostate cancer have considerably limited the study of prostate CSCs from fresh human tumor samples. We recently reported the isolation of prostate CSCs directly from human tissues by virtue of their HLA class I (HLAI)-negative phenotype. Prostate cancer cells are harvested from surgical specimens and mechanically dissociated. A cell suspension is generated and labeled with fluorescently conjugated HLAI and stromal antibodies. Subpopulations of HLAI-negative cells are finally isolated using a flow cytometer. The principal limitation of this protocol is the frequently microscopic and multifocal nature of primary cancer in prostatectomy specimens. Nonetheless, isolated live prostate CSCs are suitable for molecular characterization and functional validation by transplantation in immunodeficient mice.

The isolation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) directly from human tissues is requisite for their biological characterization. This manuscript describes a methodology for the isolation of prostate CSCs from human tissues, while also providing tips on troubleshooting difficult steps.

癌症干细胞从人类前列腺癌样本隔离

The cancer stem cell (CSC) model has been considerably revisited over the last two decades. During this time CSCs have been identified and directly ...

Isolation of Human Lymphatic Endothelial Cells by Multi-parameter Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting

Lymphatic system disorders such as primary lymphedema, lymphatic malformations and lymphatic tumors are rare conditions that cause significant morbidity but little is known about their biology. Isolating highly pure human lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) from diseased and healthy tissue would facilitate studies of the lymphatic endothelium at genetic, molecular and cellular levels. It is anticipated that these investigations may reveal targets for new therapies that may change the clinical management of these conditions. A protocol describing the isolation of human foreskin LECs and lymphatic malformation lymphatic endothelial cells (LM LECs) is presented. To obtain a single cell suspension tissue was minced and enzymatically treated using dispase II and collagenase II. The resulting single cell suspension was then labelled with antibodies to cluster of differentiation (CD) markers CD34, CD31, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-3 (VEGFR-3) and PODOPLANIN. Stained viable cells were sorted on a fluorescently activated cell sorter (FACS) to separate the CD34LowCD31PosVEGFR-3PosPODOPLANINPos LM LEC population from other endothelial and non-endothelial cells. The sorted LM LECs were cultured and expanded on fibronectin-coated flasks for further experimental use.

The goal of this protocol is to isolate lymphatic endothelial cells lining human lymphatic malformation cyst-like vessels and foreskins using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Subsequent cell culturing and expansion of these cells permits a new level of experimental sophistication for genetic, proteomic, functional and cell differentiation studies.

人淋巴管内皮细胞中的多参​​数荧光激活细胞分选分离

Lymphatic system disorders such as primary lymphedema, lymphatic malformations and lymphatic tumors are rare conditions that cause significant morbidity ...

Isolation and Culture Expansion of Tumor-specific Endothelial Cells

Freshly isolated tumor-specific endothelial cells (TEC) can be used to explore molecular mechanisms of tumor angiogenesis and serve as an in vitro model for developing new angiogenesis inhibitors for cancer. However, long-term in vitro expansion of murine endothelial cells (EC) is challenging due to phenotypic drift in culture (endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition) and contamination with non-EC. This is especially true for TEC which are readily outcompeted by co-purified fibroblasts or tumor cells in culture. Here, a high fidelity isolation method that takes advantage of immunomagnetic enrichment coupled with colony selection and in vitro expansion is described. This approach generates pure EC fractions that are entirely free of contaminating stromal or tumor cells. It is also shown that lineage-traced Cdh5cre:ZsGreenl/s/l reporter mice, used with the protocol described herein, are a valuable tool to verify cell purity as the isolated EC colonies from these mice show durable and brilliant ZsGreen fluorescence in culture.

We report a reliable method to isolate and culture primary tumor-specific endothelial cells from genetically engineered mouse models.

的肿瘤特异性内皮细胞的分离与培养扩展

Freshly isolated tumor-specific endothelial cells (TEC) can be used to explore molecular mechanisms of tumor angiogenesis and serve as an in vitro model ...

Isolation and Culture of Primary Endothelial Cells from Canine Arteries and Veins

Cardiovascular disease is studied in both human and veterinary medicine. Endothelial cells have been used extensively as an in vitro model to study vasculogenesis, (tumor) angiogenesis, and atherosclerosis. The current standard for in vitro research on human endothelial cells (ECs) is the use of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) and Human Umbilical Artery Endothelial Cells (HUAECs). For canine endothelial research, only one cell line (CnAOEC) is available, which is derived from canine aortic endothelium. Although currently not completely understood, there is a difference between ECs originating from either arteries or veins. For a more direct approach to in vitro functionality studies on ECs, we describe a new method for isolating Canine Primary Endothelial Cells (CaPECs) from a variety of vessels. This technique reduces the chance of contamination with fast-growing cells such as fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells, a problem that is common in standard isolation methods such as flushing the vessel with enzymatic solutions or mincing the vessel prior to digestion of the tissue containing all cells. The technique we describe was optimized for the canine model, but can easily be utilized in other species such as human.

Novel isolation methods of primary endothelial cells from blood vessels are needed. This protocol describes a new technique that completely inverts blood vessels of interest, exposing only the endothelial side to enzymatic digestion. The resulting pure endothelial cell culture can be used to study cardiovascular diseases, disease modelling, and angiogenesis.

分离培养犬从动脉和静脉主血管内皮细胞

Cardiovascular disease is studied in both human and veterinary medicine. Endothelial cells have been used extensively as an in vitro model to study ...

Preparation and In Vitro Characterization of Magnetized miR-modified Endothelial Cells

To date, the available surgical and pharmacological treatments for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are limited and often palliative. At the same time, gene and cell therapies are highly promising alternative approaches for CVD treatment. However, the broad clinical application of gene therapy is greatly limited by the lack of suitable gene delivery systems. The development of appropriate gene delivery vectors can provide a solution to current challenges in cell therapy. In particular, existing drawbacks, such as limited efficiency and low cell retention in the injured organ, could be overcome by appropriate cell engineering (i.e., genetic) prior to transplantation. The presented protocol describes the efficient and safe transient modification of endothelial cells using a polyethyleneimine superparamagnetic magnetic nanoparticle (PEI/MNP)-based delivery vector. Also, the algorithm and methods for cell characterization are defined. The successful intracellular delivery of microRNA (miR) into human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) has been achieved without affecting cell viability, functionality, or intercellular communication. Moreover, this approach was proven to cause a strong functional effect in introduced exogenous miR. Importantly, the application of this MNP-based vector ensures cell magnetization, with accompanying possibilities of magnetic targeting and non-invasive MRI tracing. This may provide a basis for magnetically guided, genetically engineered cell therapeutics that can be monitored non-invasively with MRI.

Preparation and In Vitro Characterization of Magnetized miR-modified Endothelial Cells

This manuscript describes the efficient, non-viral delivery of miR to endothelial cells by a PEI/MNP vector and their magnetization. Thus, in addition to genetic modification, this approach allows for magnetic cell guidance and MRI detectability. The technique can be used to improve the characteristics of therapeutic cell products.

制备和<em&gt;体外</em&gt;磁化的表征的miR-改性内皮细胞

To date, the available surgical and pharmacological treatments for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are limited and often palliative. At the same time, gene ...

A Flow Cytometry-based Assay for Measuring Mitochondrial Membrane Potential in Cardiac Myocytes After Hypoxia/Reoxygenation

Timely and efficient reperfusion of the occluded coronary artery is the best strategy for decreasing myocardial infarct size in patients with a ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction. However, reperfusion per se can result in further cardiomyocyte death, a phenomenon known as reperfusion injury. The opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), with the decrease of the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), or mitochondrial depolarization, is universally recognized as the final step of reperfusion injury and is responsible for mitochondrial and cardiomyocyte death. JC-1 is a lipophilic cationic dye that accumulates in mitochondria depending on the value of MMP. The higher the MMP is, the more JC-1 accumulates in the mitochondria. The increasing amounts of JC-1 in mitochondria can be reflected by a fluorescence emission shift from green (~530 nm) to red (~590 nm). Therefore, the reduction of the red/green fluorescence intensity ratio can indicate the depolarization of mitochondria. Here, we take advantage of JC-1 to measure MMP, or the opening of mPTP in human cardiac myocytes after hypoxia/reoxygenation, detected by flow cytometry.

Here, we present a protocol that uses JC-1 dye to assess the mitochondrial membrane potential of cells after being exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation with or without a protective agent.

流式细胞仪测定缺氧/复氧后心肌细胞线粒体膜电位的实验研究

Timely and efficient reperfusion of the occluded coronary artery is the best strategy for decreasing myocardial infarct size in patients with a ST-segment ...

In Vivo Photolabeling of Cells in the Colon to Assess Migratory Potential of Hematopoietic Cells in Neonatal Mice

Enteric bacterial communities are established early in life and influence immune cell development and function. The neonatal microbiota is susceptible to numerous external influences including antibiotics use and diet, which impacts susceptibility to autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Disorders such as Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) are characterized by a massive influx of immune cells to the intestines. However, immune cells conditioned by the microbiota may additionally emigrate out of the intestines to influence immune responses at extra-intestinal sites. Thus, there is a need to identify and characterize cells that may carry microbial messages from the intestines to distal sites. Here, we describe a method to label cells in the colon of newborn mice in vivo that enables their identification at extra-intestinal sites after migration.

In Vivo Photolabeling of Cells in the Colon to Assess Migratory Potential of Hematopoietic Cells in Neonatal Mice

The protocol described here utilizes a photolabeling approach in newborn mice to specifically identify immune cells that emigrate from the colon to extra-intestinal sites. This strategy will be useful to study host-microbiome interactions in early life.

体内结肠细胞 Photolabeling 对新生小鼠造血细胞迁移潜能的评价

Enteric bacterial communities are established early in life and influence immune cell development and function. The neonatal microbiota is susceptible to ...

Isolation of Atrial Myocytes from Adult Mice

The electrophysiological properties of atrial myocytes importantly affect overall cardiac function. Alterations in the underlying ionic currents responsible for the action potential can cause pro-arrhythmic substrates that underlie arrhythmias, such as atrial fibrillation, which are highly prevalent in many conditions and disease states. Isolating adult mouse atrial cardiomyocytes for use in patch-clamp experiments has greatly advanced our knowledge and understanding of the cellular electrophysiology in the healthy atrial myocardium and in the setting of atrial pathophysiology. In addition, studies using genetic mouse models have elucidated the role of a vast array of proteins in regulating atrial electrophysiology. Here we provide a detailed protocol for the isolation of cardiomyocytes from the atrial appendages of adult mice using a combination of enzymatic digestion and mechanical dissociation of these tissues. This approach consistently and reliably yields isolated atrial cardiomyocytes that can then be used to characterize cellular electrophysiology by measuring action potentials and ionic currents in patch-clamp experiments under a number of experimental conditions.

This protocol is used to isolate single atrial cardiomyocytes from the adult mouse heart using a chunk digestion approach. This approach is used to isolate right or left atrial myocytes that can be used to characterize atrial myocyte electrophysiology in patch-clamp studies.

从成年小鼠分离心膜肌细胞

The electrophysiological properties of atrial myocytes importantly affect overall cardiac function. Alterations in the underlying ionic currents ...

Pre-clinical Model of Cardiac Donation after Circulatory Death

Cardiac transplantation demand is on the rise; nevertheless, organ availability is limited due to a paucity of suitable donors. Organ donation after circulatory death (DCD) is a solution to address this limited availability, but due to a period of prolonged warm ischemia and the risk of tissue injury, its routine use in cardiac transplantation is seldom seen. In this manuscript we provide a detailed protocol closely mimicking current clinical practices in the context of DCD with continuous monitoring of heart function, allowing for the evaluation of novel cardioprotective strategies and interventions to decrease ischemia-reperfusion injury.
In this model, the DCD protocol is initiated in anesthetized Lewis rats by stopping ventilation to induce circulatory death. When systolic blood pressure drops below 30 mmHg, the warm ischemic time is initiated. After a pre-set warm ischemic period, hearts are flushed with a normothermic cardioplegic solution, procured, and mounted onto a Langendorff ex vivo heart perfusion system. Following 10 min of initial reperfusion and stabilization, cardiac reconditioning is continuously evaluated for 60 min using intraventricular pressure monitoring. A heart injury is assessed by measuring cardiac troponin T and the infarct size is quantified by histological staining. The warm ischemic time can be modulated and tailored to develop the desired amount of structural and functional damage. This simple protocol allows for the evaluation of different cardioprotective conditioning strategies introduced at the moment of cardioplegia, initial reperfusion and/or during ex vivo perfusion. Findings obtained from this protocol can be reproduced in large models, facilitating clinical translation.

This protocol shows a simple and flexible approach for the evaluation of new conditioning agents or strategies to increase the feasibility of cardiac donation after circulatory death.

循环死亡后心脏捐献的临床前模型

Cardiac transplantation demand is on the rise; nevertheless, organ availability is limited due to a paucity of suitable donors. Organ donation after ...

从健康志愿者和它们的迁徙可能通过血清中的影响心脏手术后的内皮祖细胞的分离

摘要

探索更多视频

此视频中的章节

人牙髓干细胞的分离，鉴定和比较性恒牙使用两种不同的方法，得出

癌症干细胞从人类前列腺癌样本隔离

人淋巴管内皮细胞中的多参数荧光激活细胞分选分离

的肿瘤特异性内皮细胞的分离与培养扩展

分离培养犬从动脉和静脉主血管内皮细胞

制备和

流式细胞仪测定缺氧/复氧后心肌细胞线粒体膜电位的实验研究

体内结肠细胞 Photolabeling 对新生小鼠造血细胞迁移潜能的评价

从成年小鼠分离心膜肌细胞

循环死亡后心脏捐献的临床前模型

从健康志愿者和它们的迁徙可能通过血清中的影响心脏手术后的内皮祖细胞的分离

摘要

探索更多视频

此视频中的章节

人牙髓干细胞的分离，鉴定和比较性恒牙使用两种不同的方法，得出

癌症干细胞从人类前列腺癌样本隔离

人淋巴管内皮细胞中的多参​​数荧光激活细胞分选分离

的肿瘤特异性内皮细胞的分离与培养扩展

分离培养犬从动脉和静脉主血管内皮细胞

制备和

流式细胞仪测定缺氧/复氧后心肌细胞线粒体膜电位的实验研究

体内结肠细胞 Photolabeling 对新生小鼠造血细胞迁移潜能的评价

从成年小鼠分离心膜肌细胞

循环死亡后心脏捐献的临床前模型

人淋巴管内皮细胞中的多参数荧光激活细胞分选分离