我们感谢俞素明在准备这个数字方面的帮助。本研究由广东省科技基金（项目编号:2014A020212352），广州市教育局（1201630044; 1201630393）和国家自然科学基金（NSFC 81572063; NSFC 81601394）资助。

包括人血清样本使用在内的研究方案由广州医科大学第一附属医院伦理委员会批准。所有参与者独立或通过父母提供书面知情同意书（对于儿童）。协议已在线注册（中国临床试验注册机构，注册号:ChiCTR-DCC-13004003，参见http://www.chictr.org/cn/）。 1.研究人口的确定注意:呼吸疾病国家重点实验室（AIR-SKLRD）的过敏信息库是患者招募的主要来源，因为AIR是中国南方9,10号变应原检测患者文献最多的大型数据库。 AIR一直存储患者血清样本近十年。简言之，这些储存的样品预先通过离心5mL o而制备以3000×g静脉注射静脉血10分钟，并回收上清液。将血清样品置于-80℃冰箱中长期储存。满足患者入选标准的样本已准备好用于本研究中的所有测试。 <ol><li>从AIR数据库，检索2013年1月至2015年6月期间预设研究期间过敏性鼻炎和/或哮喘患者进行草过敏原sIgE血清检测的数据。 </li><li>根据过敏性鼻炎及其对哮喘的影响（ARIA） 11和全球哮喘倡议（GINA） 12指南，选择轻度至中度过敏性鼻炎和/或哮喘患者。将它们分配为"研究组"。 </li><li>排除患者不完整的病历，失踪者，拒绝给予知情同意使用血清样本用于科学用途的患者，目前使用免疫治疗或免疫调节剂的人，或发现有寄生虫感染的那些。 </li><li>根据相同的排除标准，选择一个非呼吸过敏患者（ 即湿疹，过敏性皮炎和食物过敏）的现代队列，并将其分配为"对照组"。 </li><li>在给予任何处方或处理之前，请确保收集血清样本，以尽量减少对实验室检查结果的混杂影响。排除不符合这一要求的血清样品。 </li><li>确保所有科目都是大广州各地的永久居民（ 即出生或在那里居住十多年）。 </li></ol> 2.研究流程和兴趣测量<ol><li>从生物银行检索合格患者的血清样本。要测试过敏原/过敏原成分，请使用140μL血清（包括100μL填充）死亡空间）。 注意:本研究中每名患者需要的最大血清总体积是:3种特异性过敏原和8种变应原组分，sIgE = 140μL* 11 = 1,540μL。 </li><li>使用本仪器时，主要将百里草，蒂莫西草和葎草 to to to the the the the。。。。。。。。。。。。按照第3节中的说明进行操作。 注意:这些花粉被选择用于测量，因为百慕大草13,14,15和Humulus scandens 16已经在中国被广泛报道，而Timothy草17,18,19是一种典型的植物物种，其生活在从热带到温带的环境中并在全球范围内进行了大量研究。 </li><li>其次，测试步骤2.3中鉴定的血清样品sIgEs对百慕达[Cyn d 1（g216）]，Timothy [Phlp 1（g205），Phl p 4（g208），Phl p 5（g215），Phl p6（g209））的变应原成分存在的全身过敏原），Phl p7（g210），Phlp11（g211）和Phlp12（g212）]和交叉反应性碳水化合物决定簇[CCD（o214）]。按照第3节中的说明进行操作。 </li></ol> 3.使用免疫测定分析系统的全自动化测试程序注意:完全自动化并已在其他地方描述的过敏原sIgE测试的整个过程遵循制造商的协议。 <ol><li>启动全自动免疫分析仪（ 例如 ImmunoCAP1000），并在整个研究中使用它进行免疫测定。打开内置的信息数据管理（IDM）计算机。 注意:免疫测定法yzer通常处于待机模式。 </li><li>打开"主电源"，打开"系统电源"，等待3分钟直到内置软件启动。点击"加载冲洗液"和"加载洗涤液"。 </li><li>每个过敏原/变应原成分测试，向小瓶中加入140μL血清。标记每个含有140μL血清的小瓶，每个患者的识别号码是唯一的。 </li><li> 从IDM界面，通过单击菜单执行以下步骤。 <ol><li>检查IDM上的"请求列表"窗口，确保"sIgE"是选择的测试方法。 </li><li>将样品管样品架和质量控制管装入质量控制机架，带条形码。 注意:对于每个患者，最初计划将sIEE测试为3种特异性过敏原和8种变应原组分，或346×11（3,806）个样品管。每个样品管，3个质量控制管含有低，中，高水平的sIgE控制（参见材料表）。最后，在二次检查中进一步检查了仅有58例在初级检测中检测为阳性的患者（步骤2.3）（步骤2.3）。管的加载可以自动设置在计算机控制台上。 </li><li>在"分析处理"屏幕中选择"加载试剂"。根据"加载表"，完成样品和质量控制机架，开发溶液，共轭，校准器，载体，移液管吸头，停止溶液和洗涤液的装载（详见材料表 ）。 </li><li>在"加载和启动"中，按"确定"。 注意:在测量结束时，结果将显示在IDM上。 </li><li>从IDM界面，选择要导出的数据。点击"菜单"，"批准"和"另存为"，并将sIgE测量结果作为电子表格文件导出。 </l我&gt; <li>将电子表格文件导入统计软件（ 例如 SPSS） 10 。使用SPSS菜单中的Spearman系数的特定模块，分析这些草花粉（阳性sIgE与整个变应原）和花粉组分（阳性sIgE对变应原分子）之间的敏感性的相关性。 </li></ol></li></ol> sIgE反应性的定义注意:对于未稀释的血清样本，特异性IgE测量的范围为0.35至100 kU / L。 <ol><li>用sIgE值&gt; 100 kU / L 1:5稀释样品并重新测定。当值保持在100 kU / L以上时，继续进行稀释，直到达到1000 kU / L的终点水平。 </li><li>基于0.35 kU / L的阈值，考虑超过0.35 kU / L的sIgE电平为正值5，7，10。评价复活节sIgE测试为:1级（≥0.35和&lt;0.70 kU / L），2级（≥0.70和&lt;3.50 kU / L），3级（≥3.50和&lt;17.50 kU / L），4级（≥ 17.50和&lt;50.00 kU / L），5级（≥50.00和&lt;100.00 kU / L）和6级（≥100.00kU / L）。 </li></ol> 5.统计分析<ol><li>用统计软件（ 如 SPSS）分析数据10 。报告定量数据为平均值和标准偏差，定性数据为中位数和四分位数范围（IQR），分类数据为阳性结果的比例。 </li><li>使用卡方检验进行组间比较比较，定量数据的非配对t检验和定性数据的秩和检验。 </li><li>使用Pearson的参数数据之间的相关性分析，相关系数表示为"r"，Spearman对非参数值的检验，t他的相关系数表示为" r s "。当P值&lt;0.05时，考虑统计学意义。 </li></ol>

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作者没有什么可以披露的。

全自动免疫分析仪可以在区域，实验室和机构之间以及随着时间的推移提供令人满意的一致性。已经发现这种自动化程序基本上支持实验室研究和临床研究，能够对许多过敏原和/或变应原组分进行标准化检测，并鉴定在CRD出现之前不容易揭示的可能的变应原交叉反应性。此外，整个测试程序可以通过严格的质量控制完成，允许在大地理区域的调查中要求的高通量方法。虽然测试程序主要由计算机...

草花粉占免疫球蛋白E（IgE）相关过敏的近50％，由于其空气传播性质，引起过敏性气道疾病的全球风险，特别是哮喘和过敏性鼻炎1,2,3,4 。防止一个地区的草花粉过敏依赖于有关花粉过敏原局部分布的信息。不幸的是，致敏过敏原的光谱范围因地而异，一般称为区域特异性。 在中国，广泛的东亚地区，过去几十年来，该国南部目前有限的数据，草地花粉敏感的区域特异性进一步复杂化5 。这样的数据缺乏导致了显示整个草花粉感觉的困难这个大国的化身6 。另外，中国南方人的非常有限的数据主要来自自我报告问卷，皮肤刺痛试验（而不是实验室血清检测），总IgE测量（而不是变应原特异性IgE（sIgE））和sIgE检测对变应原而不是变应原成分分子）。 过敏性症状的自我报告在特定过敏原时可能不可靠。皮肤刺痛试验尽管可以广泛使用，但涉及使用非标准化的粗过敏原提取物，它们本身可能含有混合结果解释的其他致敏组分。皮肤刺痛试验的可靠性也在很大程度上取决于过敏者或专科护士，近期组胺使用和患者依从性（有时幼儿很难）的巧妙操作。总IgE对筛选过敏是有用的，但不明智地确定e患者的过敏原。而且，几乎所有的过敏原都含有许多变应原成分分子。对主要成分（ 即 Der p 1和Der p 2来自房屋尘螨）的敏化可能表明"真正的"过敏（对特定过敏原过敏，而不是由于与其他过敏原的交叉反应而引起的假阳性），而是致敏对于某些（ 即，交叉反应性Der p 10，原肌球蛋白）可能不是7 。 在组件解析诊断（CRD）被引入之前，这些令人失望的挫折阻碍了中国的过敏原研究。 CRD通过使用重组或纯化的过敏原分子精确检测变应原的成分，从而使测量容易量化和表征8 。过去几十年来，过敏研究经常使用不可避免地含有一些不相关成分的过敏原粗提取物。这些公司中的许多组合物是惰性的，但偶尔也会导致混淆的积极反应。在CRD中使用重组或纯化的过敏原分子可以避免这种情况，从而提供更好的测试准确性。当在微阵列中进行处理时，CRD方法可快速筛选或鉴定个体受试者中数百种变应原分子的致敏性。目前，中国南方草坪花粉敏感性研究较为完善。理想情况下，这样的研究应该包括当地人口相当广泛的地理覆盖，占中国常见的草花粉，并解决上述技术问题。为了达到临床相关性的实用水平并促进血清样品的募集，早期研究对作为吸入性过敏原的草花粉敏感，也可能集中于患有过敏性呼吸系统疾病的患者，而不是一般人群。 这项工作描述了一种方法用于使用CRD方法检测来自大广州（华南最大的城市及其郊区）患有过敏性鼻炎和/或哮喘的百慕大草，提莫西草和葎草的血清sIgE反应性5 。这些对中国南方亚热带和温带草花粉敏感的研究结果为文献中现有的重要证据提供了重要依据。

<table><tbody><tr><td>ImmunoCAP 1000 Instrument</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.(Phadia AB, Uppsala Sweden)</td><td>12-3800-01</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Phadia Information Data Manager Software Package</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.(Phadia AB, Uppsala Sweden)</td><td>12-3801-11</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Software Package, ImmunoCAP 1000</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.(Phadia AB, Uppsala Sweden)</td><td>12-3801-12</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>g2&lt;br/&gt; (Bermuda grass)</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.(Phadia AB, Uppsala Sweden)</td><td>14-4131-01</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>g6&lt;br/&gt; (Timothy grass)</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.(Phadia AB, Uppsala Sweden)</td><td>14-4100-01</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>w22&lt;br/&gt; (Japanese Hop)</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.(Phadia AB, Uppsala Sweden)</td><td>14-4452-01</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>g216&lt;br/&gt; (nCyn d 1)</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.(Phadia AB, Uppsala Sweden)</td><td>14-4972-01</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>g205&lt;br/&gt; (rPhl p 1)</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.(Phadia AB, Uppsala Sweden)</td><td>14-5234-01</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>g208&lt;br/&gt; (nPhl p 4)</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.(Phadia AB, Uppsala Sweden)</td><td>14-5288-01</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>g215&lt;br/&gt; (rPhl p 5b)</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.(Phadia AB, Uppsala Sweden)</td><td>14-5338-01</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>g209&lt;br/&gt; (rPhl p 6)</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.(Phadia AB, Uppsala Sweden)</td><td>14-5289-01</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>g210&lt;br/&gt; (rPhl p 7)</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.(Phadia AB, Uppsala Sweden)</td><td>14-5290-01</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>g211&lt;br/&gt; (rPhl p 11)</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.(Phadia AB, Uppsala Sweden)</td><td>14-5291-01</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>g212&lt;br/&gt; (rPhl p 12)</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.(Phadia AB, Uppsala Sweden)</td><td>14-5292-01</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>o214&lt;br/&gt; Cross-reacting carbohydrate determinants (CCDs)</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.(Phadia AB, Uppsala Sweden)</td><td>14-5339-01</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Specific IgE Conjugate 400</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.(Phadia AB, Uppsala Sweden)</td><td>10-9310-08</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Specific IgE Calibrator Strip</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.(Phadia AB, Uppsala Sweden)</td><td>10-9459-08</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Specific IgE Curve Control Strip</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.(Phadia AB, Uppsala Sweden)</td><td>10-9312-08</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Specific IgE Anti-IgE ImmunoCAP</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.(Phadia AB, Uppsala Sweden)</td><td>14-4417-01</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ImmunoCAP Specific IgE Negative Control</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.(Phadia AB, Uppsala Sweden)</td><td>10-9445-01</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ImmunoCAP Specific IgE Control L</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.(Phadia AB, Uppsala Sweden)</td><td>10-9528-01</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ImmunoCAP Specific IgE Control M</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.(Phadia AB, Uppsala Sweden)</td><td>10-9529-01</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ImmunoCAP Specific IgE Control H</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.(Phadia AB, Uppsala Sweden)</td><td>10-9530-01</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Development Solution</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.(Phadia AB, Uppsala Sweden)</td><td>10-9439-08</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Stop Solution</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.(Phadia AB, Uppsala Sweden)</td><td>34-2271-58</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Washing Solution</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.(Phadia AB, Uppsala Sweden)</td><td>10-9202-08</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>FluoroC</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.(Phadia AB, Uppsala Sweden)</td><td>10-9264-01</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Maintenance Solution Kit</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.(Phadia AB, Uppsala Sweden)</td><td>10-9476-01</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

a component-resolved diagnostic approach for a study on grass pollen allergens in chinese southerners with allergic rhinitis and/or asthma

对草花粉的致敏对全球过敏性气道疾病造成风险。虽然预防依赖于当地对花粉过敏原的调查，但在华南地区，这一问题的数据有限。任何可用的数据都是通过自我报告调查表，皮肤刺痛试验和使用粗提取物进行的全部或特异性IgE测试获得的。由于很多原因，这些方法是不可靠的。使用全自动免疫测定分析仪作为组分，检测来自大广州（华南最大城市及其郊区）患有过敏性鼻炎和/或哮喘的患者的百日草，提摩西草和葎草 ens过敏原的血清sIgE反应性解决诊断（CRD）工具。 在过敏性鼻炎和/或哮喘的中国南方人中，首次证实了百慕大草药阳性的相当高的流行率。在这些患者中，敏感感染的微妙流行也提到了提摩太草和葎草钪，这可能是由交叉反应性引起的，因为后两者在该地区不常见。过敏原成分的检测也得到了支持。 全自动免疫分析仪可以在区域，实验室和机构之间以及随着时间的推移提供令人满意的一致性。仪器的自动化可以实现在CRD出现之前不容易揭示的标准化检测。 这是一项研究，使用CRD方法调查中国南方对草花粉过敏原的敏感性。它增加了文献中的现有证据。需要未来的研究来验证这些发现。然而，虽然CRD是一个有用的工具，但使用全自动免疫分析仪进行的研究结果不能取代其他实验室调查，临床评估和医师专业知识。

在本研究中使用的全自动免疫测定分析仪具有共价结合的共同结构，其中共价偶联过敏原或变应原成分，与来自患者的血清标本中感兴趣的分子（sIgE）反应。使用自动程序，分析仪用150μL冲洗溶液清洗所有非特异性IgE，并重复5次。然后加入酶标记的抗IgE抗体（50μL）以产生复合物。酶标记的抗IgE抗体（缀合物）是与特异性IgE结合的二抗。通过用150μL洗涤溶液洗涤（重复3?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Component-resolved Diagnostic Approach for a Study on Grass Pollen Allergens in Chinese Southerners with Allergic Rhinitis and/or Asthma at JoVE.com

A Component-resolved Diagnostic Approach for a Study on Grass Pollen Allergens in Chinese Southerners with Allergic Rhinitis and/or Asthma

这项工作描述了一个方案，使用组分解决的方法来研究来自华南地区患有过敏性鼻炎和/或哮喘的患者对草花粉过敏原的敏化。

中国南方与过敏性鼻炎和/或哮喘的花粉过敏原研究的成分分析诊断方法

Sensitization to grass pollen imposes a global risk for allergic airway diseases. Although prevention relies on local investigation of the pollen ...

a-component-resolved-diagnostic-approach-for-study-on-grass-pollen

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

9.9K 次观看.  State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease. 这项工作描述了一个方案，使用组分解决的方法来研究来自华南地区患有过敏性鼻炎和/或哮喘的患者对草花粉过敏原的敏化。 

视频: A Component-resolved Diagnostic Approach for a Study on Grass Pollen Allergens in Chinese Southerners with Allergic Rhinitis and/or Asthma

Bronchial Thermoplasty:  A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Severe Asthma

Bronchial thermoplasty is a non-drug procedure for severe persistent asthma that delivers thermal energy to the airway wall in a precisely controlled manner to reduce excessive airway smooth muscle. Reducing airway smooth muscle decreases the ability of the airways to constrict, thereby reducing the frequency of asthma attacks. Bronchial thermoplasty is delivered by the Alair System and is performed in three outpatient procedure visits, each scheduled approximately three weeks apart. The first procedure treats the airways of the right lower lobe, the second treats the airways of the left lower lobe and the third and final procedure treats the airways in both upper lobes. After all three procedures are performed the bronchial thermoplasty treatment is complete.
Bronchial thermoplasty is performed during bronchoscopy with the patient under moderate sedation. All accessible airways distal to the mainstem bronchi between 3 and 10 mm in diameter, with the exception of the right middle lobe, are treated under bronchoscopic visualization. Contiguous and non-overlapping activations of the device are used, moving from distal to proximal along the length of the airway, and systematically from airway to airway as described previously. Although conceptually straightforward, the actual execution of bronchial thermoplasty is quite intricate and procedural duration for the treatment of a single lobe is often substantially longer than encountered during routine bronchoscopy. As such, bronchial thermoplasty should be considered a complex interventional bronchoscopy and is intended for the experienced bronchoscopist. Optimal patient management is critical in any such complex and longer duration bronchoscopic procedure. This article discusses the importance of careful patient selection, patient preparation, patient management, procedure duration, postoperative care and follow-up to ensure that bronchial thermoplasty is performed safely.
Bronchial thermoplasty is expected to complement asthma maintenance medications by providing long-lasting asthma control and improving asthma-related quality of life of patients with severe asthma. In addition, bronchial thermoplasty has been demonstrated to reduce severe exacerbations (asthma attacks) emergency rooms visits for respiratory symptoms, and time lost from work, school and other daily activities due to asthma.

Bronchial thermoplasty is a non-drug procedure for severe persistent asthma that delivers thermal energy to the airway wall in a precisely controlled manner to reduce excessive airway smooth muscle. Reducing airway smooth muscle decreases the ability of the airways to constrict, thereby reducing the frequency of asthma attacks.

支气管Thermoplasty：严重哮喘的一种新的治疗方法

Bronchial thermoplasty is a non-drug procedure for severe persistent asthma that delivers thermal energy to the airway wall in a precisely controlled ...

科研

医学

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Particle-bound Bet v 1 Allergen in PM10

Flow cytometry is a method widely used to quantify suspended solids such as cells or bacteria in a size range from 0.5 to several tens of micrometers in diameter. In addition to a characterization of forward and sideward scatter properties, it enables the use of fluorescent labeled markers like antibodies to detect respective structures. Using indirect antibody staining, flow cytometry is employed here to quantify birch pollen allergen (precisely Bet v 1)-loaded particles of 0.5 to 10 &#181;m in diameter in inhalable particulate matter (PM10, particle size &#8804;10 &#181;m in diameter). PM10 particles may act as carriers of adsorbed allergens possibly transporting them to the lower respiratory tract, where they could trigger allergic reactions.
So far the allergen content of PM10 has been studied by means of enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and scanning electron microscopy. ELISA measures the dissolved and not the particle-bound allergen. Compared to scanning electron microscopy, which can visualize allergen-loaded particles, flow cytometry may additionally quantify them. As allergen content of ambient air can deviate from birch pollen count, allergic symptoms might perhaps correlate better with allergen exposure than with pollen count. In conjunction with clinical data, the presented method offers the opportunity to test in future experiments whether allergic reactions to birch pollen antigens are associated with the Bet v 1 allergen content of PM10 particles &#62;0.5 &#181;m.

Here, we present a protocol to quantify allergen-loaded particles by flow cytometry. Ambient particulate matter particles may act as carriers of adsorbed allergens. We show here that flow cytometry, a method widely used to characterize suspended solids &#62;0.5 &#181;m in diameter, can be used to measure these allergen-loaded particles.

粒子结合Bet v 1的变应原PM10的流式细胞分析

Flow cytometry is a method widely used to quantify suspended solids such as cells or bacteria in a size range from 0.5 to several tens of micrometers in ...

免疫与感染

Absorption of Nasal and Bronchial Fluids: Precision Sampling of the Human Respiratory Mucosa and Laboratory Processing of Samples

The methods of nasal absorption (NA) and bronchial absorption (BA) use synthetic absorptive matrices (SAM) to absorb the mucosal lining fluid (MLF) of the human respiratory tract. NA is a non-invasive technique which absorbs fluid from the inferior turbinate, and causes minimal discomfort. NA has yielded reproducible results with the ability to frequently repeat sampling of the upper airway. 
By comparison, alternative methods of sampling the respiratory mucosa, such as nasopharyngeal aspiration (NPA) and conventional swabbing, are more invasive and may result in greater data variability. Other methods have limitations, for instance, biopsies and bronchial procedures are invasive, sputum contains many dead and dying cells and requires liquefaction, exhaled breath condensate (EBC) contains water and saliva, and lavage samples are dilute and variable.
BA can be performed through the working channel of a bronchoscope in clinic. Sampling is well tolerated and can be conducted at multiple sites in the airway. BA results in MLF samples being less dilute than bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples.
This article demonstrates the techniques of NA and BA, as well as the laboratory processing of the resulting samples, which can be tailored to the desired downstream biomarker being measured. These absorption techniques are useful alternatives to the conventional sampling techniques used in clinical respiratory research.

This manuscript describes the use of nasal and bronchial absorption techniques, specifically using synthetic absorptive matrices (SAM) to sample the mucosal lining fluid (MLF) of the upper and lower airway. These methods provide better standardization and tolerability than existing respiratory sampling techniques.

鼻腔和支气管液的吸收: 人体呼吸道黏膜的精确取样和样品的实验室处理

The methods of nasal absorption (NA) and bronchial absorption (BA) use synthetic absorptive matrices (SAM) to absorb the mucosal lining fluid (MLF) of the ...

Application of Biochip Microfluidic Technology to Detect Serum Allergen-specific Immunoglobulin E (sIgE)

Allergic disease is common in both adults and children. Identification of the causative allergens is significant in disease management and prevention. However, a specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) measurement system with a high price-performance ratio is lacking in mainland China, especially in the primary care hospitals. This paper describes the principle and operation procedures of using a microfluidic cartridge-based chemiluminescence system to detect allergen-specific IgE in serum. The results were compared with those from ImmunoCAP (System 1), the industrial standard, and the reproducibility of the system to detect patients sensitized to common allergens is evaluated. The results showed that in comparison with ImmunoCAP (System 1), the BioIC System (System 2) has good precision and sensitivity in detecting serum-specific IgE against various inhalant and food allergens but with a significantly lower cost. It can serve as a good alternative to System 1 in primary care hospitals in mainland China who have lower financial affordability.

Application of Biochip Microfluidic Technology to Detect Serum Allergen-specific Immunoglobulin E sIgE

This paper presents a protocol for detecting serum-specific immunoglobulin E with a microfluidic cartridge-based chemiluminescence system and the evaluation of its usefulness in allergy diagnoses.

生物芯片微流控技术在血清过敏源特异性免疫球蛋白 E (sIgE) 检测中的应用

Allergic disease is common in both adults and children. Identification of the causative allergens is significant in disease management and prevention. ...

Symptom Assessment of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis Using an Allergen Exposure Chamber

Allergen exposure chambers (AECs) are clinical facilities that allow the exposure of participants to allergenic and non-allergenic airborne particles. They provide stable particle concentrations under controlled environmental conditions. This is of great importance both for diagnostic purposes and for the monitoring of treatment effects. 
Here, a protocol and the technical prerequisites for performing a safe and effective allergen challenge in subjects sensitized to airborne allergens (i.e., house dust mite [HDM]) in the ALL-MED AEC are presented. With this method, triggering allergic symptoms corresponds to natural exposure. This can be used for an allergy diagnosis or as a plausible endpoint in clinical trials, particularly for allergen immunotherapy (AIT). A controlled environment (temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide [CO2]) in the chamber must be maintained. Allergen particles must be dispersed evenly within the AEC at stable levels throughout the challenge. For this presentation, allergic rhinitis (AR) patients sensitive to HDM allergens were enrolled. AR symptoms were assessed by the following parameters: total nasal symptom score (TNSS), acoustic rhinometry (ARM), peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF), and nasal secretion weight. The safety of the procedure was assessed by the peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and the forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1). The allergic subjects developed symptoms within 120 min of the trial. On average, the most intense symptoms appeared after 60-90 min and, after reaching a plateau, remained stable until the end of the trial.

A protocol for conducting a challenge in an allergen exposure chamber (AEC) facility is presented. AECs have proven to be safe and effective tools for the induction of allergic symptoms or as an endpoint in the efficacy testing of allergen immunotherapy due to their ability to maintain stable particle concentrations and environmental conditions.

使用变应原暴露室评估过敏性鼻炎患者的症状

Allergen exposure chambers (AECs) are clinical facilities that allow the exposure of participants to allergenic and non-allergenic airborne particles. ...

Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis

The basophil activation test (BAT) is a complementary in vitro diagnostic test that can be used in addition to clinical history, skin test (ST), and specific IgE (sIgE) determination in the evaluation of IgE-mediated allergic reactions to food, insect venom, drugs, as well as some forms of chronic urticaria. However, the role of this technique in the diagnostic algorithms is highly variable and not well determined.
BAT is based on the determination of basophil response to allergen/drug cross-linking IgE activation through the measurement of activation markers (such as CD63, CD203c) by flow cytometry. This test can be a useful and complementary tool to avoid controlled challenge tests&#160;to confirm allergy diagnosis, especially in subjects experiencing severe life-threatening reactions. In general, the performance of BAT should be considered if i) the allergen/drug produces false positive results in ST; ii) there is no allergen/drug source to use for ST or sIgE determination; iii) there is discordance between patient history and ST or sIgE determination; iv) symptoms suggest that ST may result in systemic response; v) before considering a CCT to confirm the culprit allergen/drug. The main limitations of the test are related to non-optimal sensitivity, especially in drug allergy, the need to perform the test no longer than 24 h after sample extraction, and the lack of standardization between laboratories in terms of procedures, concentrations, and cell markers.

The basophil activation test is a complementary in vitro diagnostic test for the evaluation of IgE-mediated allergic reactions based on the detection of basophil activation in the presence of a specific stimulus through the measure of activation markers by flow cytometry.

嗜碱性粒细胞活化试验用于过敏诊断

The basophil activation test (BAT) is a complementary in vitro diagnostic test that can be used in addition to clinical history, skin test (ST), and ...

A Traditional Chinese Medicine Characteristic Therapy for Bronchial Asthma: Moxibustion

Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airway which can lead to symptoms such as recurrent wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, or cough, as a result of increased airway reactivity. With high diurnal variation, these symptoms often occur or worsen at night or in the morning. By burning and roasting the Chinese medica above human acupoints, moxibustion is a type of treatment that stimulates the activity of the human meridians through drugs and heat stimulation to prevent and treat diseases. According to the principle of syndrome differentiation and treatment of traditional Chinese medicine, acupoints are selected on the corresponding parts, which has a definite effect. It is regarded as a characteristic traditional Chinese medicine therapy for bronchial asthma. This protocol elaborates the methods and steps of patient management, material preparation, selection of acupoints, operation, and postoperative nursing to ensure safe and effective moxibustion treatment to significantly improve the clinical symptoms and quality of life of patients with bronchial asthma.

This protocol presents a curative procedure of moxibustion in treating patients with bronchial asthma.

支气管哮喘的中医特色疗法:艾灸

Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airway which can lead to symptoms such as recurrent wheezing, shortness of breath, chest ...

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>中医耳尖疗法治疗 COPD 患者喘息

Auricular Acupressure as an Adjuvant Treatment for Wheezing in Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major public health problem. Due to the restriction of expiratory airflow, it is characterized by emphysematous destruction of the lungs. Shortness of breath is one of the main clinical symptoms. Auricular acupressure is a clinical therapy characteristic of Chinese medicine that treats the disease by compressing ear points. Usually, the seeds of Vaccaria segetalis are used to stimulate ear points, which has the effect of regulating qi and alleviating wheezing. In this paper, we propose this characteristic therapy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the clinical symptoms of wheezing of lung and kidney qi deficiency type in stable COPD patients. Ear points are selected as the treatment protocol for Lung (CO14), Spleen (CO13), Kidney (CO10), Shen Men (TF4), and Ping Chuan (AT1.2.4i) points. The protocol describes a case study using auricular acupressure for a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to relieve wheezing symptoms.

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>作者聚焦:耳压豆疗法在减轻喘息症状方面的疗效

This protocol describes an effective therapy using auricular acupressure to relieve wheezing symptoms in stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

耳穴按压作为稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病喘息的辅助治疗 

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major public health problem. Due to the restriction of expiratory airflow, it is characterized by ...

中国南方与过敏性鼻炎和/或哮喘的花粉过敏原研究的成分分析诊断方法

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