University Hospital Tübingen

We present a method to investigate early osteoarthritic changes at the cellular level in articular cartilage by using atomic force microscopy (AFM).

We present a method to investigate spatial chondrocyte organization in the anulus fibrosus of the intervertebral disc using an optical sectioning method.

We present a method of cell injection via needle free waterjet technology coupled with a sequela of post-delivery investigations in terms of cellular viability, proliferation, and elasticity measurements.

Here, we present a simple and effective assay procedure for resorption pit assays using calcium phosphate coated cell culture plates.

We present a step-by-step approach to identify and address the most common problems associated with atomic force microscopy micro-indentations. We exemplify the emerging problems on native human articular cartilage explants characterized by various degrees of osteoarthritis-driven degeneration.