<a href="https://www.jove.com/video/3406">Ein Protokoll zum Nachweis und Spülgas-Phasen Free Radicals in Mainstream Cigarette Smoke</a> Long-Xi Yu 1, Boris G. Dzikovski 2, Jack H. Freed 3, 2 1 CDCF-AOX Lab, 2 National Biomedical Center for Advanced ESR Technology (ACERT), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, 3 ACERT Forschung, Center Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University Spin-trapping ESR-Spektroskopie wurde verwendet, um die Wirkung der pflanzlichen Antioxidantien Lycopin, Pycnogenol und Traubenkernextrakt auf Spülgas-Phase freien Radikalen in Zigarettenrauch zu studieren. <a href="https://www.jove.com/video/3671">Der Wächter linken Herzohr Closure Device für Vorhofflimmern</a> Sven Möbius-Winkler, Marcus Sandri, Norman Mangner, Phillip Lurz, Ingo Dähnert, Gerhard Schuler Universität Leipzig Herzzentrum Das dazugehörige Video beschreibt ein Verfahren zur perkutanen Platzierung des WATCHMAN linken Herzohr (LAA) Device. Die WATCHMAN Nitinol ist eine Vorrichtung entwickelt, um dauerhaft an implantiert zu werden, oder leicht distal zu der Öffnung des linken Herzohrs (LAA) zu Blutgerinnseln abzufangen, bevor sie die LAA Verlassen Verhütung von thromboembolischen Schlaganfall. <a href="https://www.jove.com/video/3413">Bestimmung des Beitrages der Energy Systems während des Trainings</a> Guilherme G. Artioli 1, Rômulo C. Bertuzzi 2, Hamilton Roschel 1, 3, Sandro H. Mendes 1, Antonio H. Lancha Jr. 1, Emerson Franchini 4 1 Laboratory of Applied Nutrition, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, 2 Aerobic Performance Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, 3 Laboratory of Neuromuskuläre Anpassungen an Krafttraining, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, 4 Martial Arts und Combat Sports Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo Dieses Protokoll ermöglicht es den Forschern auf Bewegung und Sport Sciences konzentriert, um den relativen Beitrag der drei verschiedenen Energiesystemen auf die gesamte Energieaufwand während einer Vielzahl von Übungen zu bestimmen. <a href="https://www.jove.com/video/3992">Establishment of Microbial Eukaryotic Enrichment Kulturen aus einer chemisch geschichteten antarktischen See und Bewertung der Kohlenstoff-Fixierung Potential</a> Jenna M. Dolhi, Nicholas Ketchum, Rachael M. Morgan-Kiss Department of Microbiology, Miami University Mikrobielle Eukaryoten sind eine Quelle von photosynthetisch abgeleiteten Kohlenstoff und top räuberischen Arten dauerhaft eisbedeckten Antarktis Seen. Dieser Bericht beschreibt eine Anreicherungskultur Ansatz metabolisch vielseitiges mikrobielle Eukaryoten aus der Antarktis See, Lake Bonney isolieren und beurteilt anorganischen Kohlenstoff-Fixierung Potenzial mit einem Radioisotop-Assay für Ribulose-1 ,5-bisphophate Carboxylase-Oxygenase (Rubisco) Aktivität. <a href="https://www.jove.com/video/4191">Synthetische Spinnenseide Produktion im Labormaßstab</a> Yang Hsia, Eric Gnesa, Ryan Pacheco, Kristin Kohler, Felicia Jeffery, Craig Vierra Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Pacific Trotz der hervorragenden mechanischen und biochemischen Eigenschaften von Spinnenseide kann dieses Material nicht in großen Mengen mit herkömmlichen Mitteln geerntet werden. Hier haben wir descRibe eine effiziente Strategie, um künstliche Spinnenseide Fasern, die ein wichtiger Prozess für die Ermittler Studium Spinnenseide Herstellung und ihre Verwendung als Next-Generation-Biomaterialien zu spinnen. <a href="https://www.jove.com/video/3966">Bestimmung Boden übertragenen Wurminfektionen Status und körperliche Fitness der School-Aged Children</a> Peiling Yap 1, 2, Thomas Fürst 1, 2, Ivan Müller 1, 2, Susi Kriemler 1, 2, Jürg Utzinger 1, 2, Peter Steinmann 1, 2 1 Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Schweiz, 2 University of Basel, Basel, Schweiz Chronische Infektion mit Boden übertragenen Helminthen (STHS) verursacht Malabsorption, Verkümmerung und verschwenden in der heranwachsenden Kindes. Daher ist es plausibel, dass diese Infektionen auch eine Verringerung der physschen Fitness von Kindern. Hier visualisieren wir zwei Techniken für die Diagnose von STHS und der 20-Meter-Shuttle Run Test zur Beurteilung der Kinder körperliche Fitness. <a href="https://www.jove.com/video/4427">Fahrsimulation in der Klinik: Testen von Visual Exploratory Behavior in Aktivitäten des täglichen Lebens bei Patienten mit Gesichtsfeldstörungen</a> Johanna Hamel 1, 2, Antje Kraft 1, Sven Ohl 3, Sophie De Beukelaer 1, Heinrich J. Audebert 1, 2, Stephan A. Brandt 1 1 Department of Neurology, Universitätsmedizin Charité, 2 Centrum für Schlaganfall-Forschung Berlin (CSB), Universitätsmedizin Charité, 3 Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin Patienten mit visuellen Defiziten nach Schlaganfall Bericht über die verschiedenen Einschränkungen im täglichen Leben am ehesten durch variablekompensatorische Strategien, die schwer zu in der klinischen Routine zu unterscheiden sind. Wir präsentieren eine klinische Set-up, die Messung verschiedener kompensatorischen Kopf-und Augenbewegungen-Strategien und die Bewertung ihrer Auswirkungen auf die Fahrleistungen. Ermöglicht <a href="https://www.jove.com/video/4227">Visualisierung der bakteriellen Toxin induzierten Reaktionen mit Live Cell Fluoreszenzmikroskopie</a> Peter A. Keyel 1, Michelle E. Heid 1, Simon C. Watkins 2, Russell D. Salter 1 1 Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 2 Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Methoden zur Reinigung des Cholesterin-Bindung Toxin Streptolysin O von rekombinantem E. coli und Visualisierung von Toxin Bindung an eukaryotischen Zellen leben beschrieben. Lokalisierte Abgabe des Toxins induces schnellen und komplexen Veränderungen in Zielzellen enthüllen neue Aspekte des Toxins Biologie. <a href="https://www.jove.com/video/50129">Angle-Photoemissionsspektroskopie Bei extrem niedrigen Temperaturen</a> Sergey V. Borisenko 1, Volodymyr B. Zabolotnyy 1, Alexander A. Kordyuk 1, 2, Danil V. Evtushinsky 1, Timur K. Kim 1, 3, Emanuela Carleschi 4, Bryan P. Doyle 4, Rosalba Fittipaldi 5, Mario Cuoco 5, Antonio Vecchione 5, Helmut Berger 6 1 Institut für Festkörperforschung, IFW-Dresden, 2 Institut für Metallphysik der Nationalen Akademie der Wissenschaften der Ukraine, 3 Diamond Light Source LTD, 4 Department of Physics, University of Johannesburg, 5 CNR-SPIN und Dipartimento di Fisica &quot;ER Caianiello &quot;, Università di Salerno, 6 Institute ofPhysics of Complex Matter, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Das übergeordnete Ziel dieser Methode ist es, die Niedrig-Energie-elektronischen Struktur von Festkörpern bei extrem niedrigen Temperaturen mit Angle-Photoemissionsspektroskopie mit Synchrotronstrahlung zu bestimmen. <a href="https://www.jove.com/video/50027">Ein Leichtes, Kopfhörer-basierte System zur Manipulation Auditory Feedback in Songbirds</a> Lukas A. Hoffmann 1, 2, Conor W. Kelly 1, 3, David A. Nicholson 1, 2, Samuel J. Sober 1 1 Department of Biology, Emory University, 2 Neuroscience Graduate Program, Emory University, 3 Programm in Neuroscience and Behavioral Biology, Emory University Wir beschreiben die Konstruktion und Montage von miniaturisierten Kopfhörer für den Ersatz ein Singvogel natürliche akustische Rückmeldungmit einem manipulierten akustisches Signal. Online Sound-Hardware wird verwendet, um Song-Ausgang zu manipulieren, stellen Echtzeit-Fehler in akustische Rückmeldung über den Kopfhörer, und fahren vocal motorisches Lernen. <a href="https://www.jove.com/video/50179">Tactile Conditioning und Bewegungsanalyse der antennalen Sampling Strategies In Honey Bees (Apis mellifera L.)</a> Samir Mujagic, Simon Michael Würth, Sven Hellbach, Volker Dürr Biologische Kybernetik, CITEC - Cognitive Interaction Technology - Center of Excellence, Universität Bielefeld In diesem Protokoll zeigen wir, wie Bedingung Honigbienen auf taktile Reize genutzt und die Einführung einer 2D-Motion-Capture-Technik zur Analyse der Kinematik feinskaligen antennalen Abtastmuster.

2012: a year in review

Here's a look at some of the milestones and highlights of the year 2012 in Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE).
At the start of 2012, JoVE reached a major milestone by publishing our 1500th article. In this publication, in JoVE Bioengineering, Yu et al. described a method for analyzing the free radical composition of cigarette smoke. This method simulated cigarette puffing with a single-port smoking device, and combined it with electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy to measure the degree to which antioxidant compounds can scavenge free radicals in cigarette smoke. A possible outcome of this research is the creation of less harmful cigarettes.
JoVE Bioengineering also contained the most-viewed article of 2012. Owczarczak et al. described a method for hacking a standard inkjet printer, loading ink cartridges with a cell-suspension "bioink," and printing lines of live cells onto glass slides. The thermal inkjet printing process creates temporary pores in the cell membrane, visualized by the incorporation of fluorescently labeled actin monomers. This concept, called "bioprinting," has many potential applications in cell and tissue engineering.
Also in 2012, JoVE Bioengineering featured a protocol by Hsia et al. for isolating and purifying spider silk protein, spinning it into fibers, and assessing the fiber strength. This protocol for laboratory-scale production of spider silk, which is stronger than tensile steel, can potentially be extended to large-scale manufacturing.
In JoVE Clinical and Translational Medicine, we featured a number of articles related to stroke, one of which. In one article, M&ouml;bius-Winkler et al. demonstrated placement of the WATCHMAN left atrial appendage occlusion device from Boston Scientific. This device is designed to prevent strokes by trapping clots within the left atrial appendage of the heart before they exit. Our authors demonstrated how to insert the guide wire through the femoral artery into the heart, advance the device into the left atrium, and deploy the device in the left atrial appendage.
Another article focused on stroke, Hamel et al. described the use of a driving simulator to study how patients compensate for visual field defects following stroke. By analyzing the compensatory gaze behavior of patients as they navigated through virtual driving courses with varying degrees of complexity, our authors see great potential for the use of driving simulators in stroke rehabilitation.
In JoVE Immunology and Infection, we published an article by Keyel et al. describing the real-time kinetics of immune cell responses to bacterial toxins using live cell microscopy. Combined with high-speed 3D confocal microscopy, this technique can also visualize the cellular repair response.
Also in JoVE Immunology and Infection, we featured an article by Yap et al. describing methods for diagnosing helminth infections in children. Helminths are parasitic worms that can infect the intestinal tract of humans and animals, and may be distinguished based on their morphology. The same article demonstrated how to measure the impact of helminth infections on physical fitness in children, which is a measure of overall health.
In JoVE Neuroscience, we featured a method by Hoffmann et al., who used tiny headphones to alter the auditory feedback in songbirds, and analyzed the computational and neurophysiological basis of vocal learning in birds when they adjust their singing in response to altered acoustic signals.
Also in JoVE Neuroscience, we moved from birds to bees with a method that assesses associative and non-associative tactile learning in honeybees. This method, by Mujagi&#263; et al., allowed bees to scan different metal surfaces with their antennae, then conditioned them to expect sugar water when their antennae touched particular surfaces, and analyzed the corresponding changes in antennal movement.
In 2012, we launched a brand-new section: JoVE Applied Physics, which features articles on subjects ranging from plasma physics to material science. The Applied Physics section also contained JoVE's 2000th video article, filmed in a synchrotron radiation facility, where Borisenko et al. showed how to determine the electronic structure of complex materials using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy.
In the JoVE General section, we published an article by Artioli et al. demonstrating the use of a portable gas analyzer to measure oxygen consumption during complex exercise - such as judo. By analyzing oxygen consumption and collecting blood for measuring plasma lactate concentration, this method can determine the relative contributions of different energy systems to specific aspects of complex exercise.
Finally, JoVE followed Dolhi et al. to a permanently ice-covered saline lake in Antarctica. There, scientists drilled through the ice to study single-celled microorganisms called protists that live in the harsh conditions of Antarctica.
This Year in Review was just a brief glimpse of a few of over 600 video articles that JoVE offered in 2012. Browse the JoVE archives to see thousands of other videos, and stay tuned for what's coming up this year in JoVE: The Journal of Visualized Experiments.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about 2012: A Year In Review at JoVE.com

2012: A Year In Review

Hier ist ein Blick auf einige der Meilensteine ​​und Höhepunkte des Jahres 2012 in Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE).

2012: Das Jahr im Rückblick

 
 
Here's a look at some of the milestones and highlights of the year 2012 in Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE).
At the start of 2012, JoVE ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

11.5K Aufrufe.  Massachusetts Eye and Ear. Hier ist ein Blick auf einige der Meilensteine ​​und Höhepunkte des Jahres 2012 in Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE).

Serie: 2012: A Year In Review

February 2012: This Month in JoVE

The February issue of the Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE) takes a clinical theme with the release of two articles, which demonstrate implantations of medical devices used to treat cardiac arrhythmia. More specifically, both articles focus on treating atrial fibrillation - a devastating condition that can ultimately lead to stroke.
The first procedure, led by Professor Dietmar Baensch from the University Hospital Rostock, involves the surgical implantation of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, or ICD. ICDs are devices widely used for the termination of ventricular arrhythmias. However, if the site of abnormal pacemaking is supraventricular in origin, such as in the left atrium, these devices can deliver inappropriate and painful shocks. To overcome this issue with potential misdiagnosis, as well as higher complication rates observed with dual chamber elecectrodes, Biotronik has developed a single ICD lead, which is capable of both atrial and ventricular sensing. Guided by X-ray fluoroscopy and electrophysiology, Dr. Baensch and his team demonstrate the surgical procedure for inserting, testing, and anchoring the single chamber electrode. Following electrode positioning, the Lumax defibrillator is joined to the electrode and inserted into the patient. To assess device function ventricular fibrillation is induced via a T-wave shock, and the ability of the defibrillator to sense arrhythmia and administer a corrective shock to is assessed.
While the Lumax ICD system can attenuate cardiac arrhythmia by correcting cardiac pacemaking, the WATCHMAN left atrial appendage (LAA) occlusion device from Boston Scientific is designed to address a severe complication with atrial fibrillation - thromboembolic stroke. In patients with atrial fibrillation, the left atrial appendage, a muscular pouch in the left atrium, can act as a reservoir for clotting blood, which if dislodged, can form emboli that can cause stroke. When implanted, the WATCHMAN device can trap clots within the LAA before they exit. Following assessment of LAA morphology, our authors, led by Dr. Sven M&ouml;bius-Winkler from the University of Leipzig, demonstrate methods for inserting a guidewire through the femoral artery into the heart, advancing the device into the left atrium, and deployment of the device in the left atrial appendage. Studies have shown that patients receiving WATCHMAN intervention have a reduced probability of adverse cardiac events when compared to patients given the anticoagulant medication warfarin.
While both the Lumax ICD system and the WATCHMAN occlusion device show promise for treating cardiac arrhythmia and its complications, neither device is approved for use in the US. Through video-publication in JoVE, our authors have provided a resource for US physicians to view these sensitive device implantation procedures before they become available across the Atlantic.
One consequence of thromboembolism is hypoxia, and JoVE travels to the University of Rochester to document a method for 2-photon imaging of microregional hypoxia in the cerebral cortex. Our authors illustrate a detailed open cranial window preparation followed by 2-photon imaging of endogenous nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, or NADH, fluorescence. NADH is well known for its ability to transport electrons during cellular respiration, and it just so happens that NADH fluorescence exhibits a nonlinear relationship with the partial pressure of oxygen in tissues. In the cortex, NADH fluorescence increases as hypoxia is induced, allowing these investigators to determine which cortical areas are most vulnerable to hypoxia, as well as the geometrical pattern of oxygen diffusion from vessels.
For Bioengineering, JoVE heads to Wayne State University to capture a procedure for visualizing the breast cancer tumor microenvironment, in vitro. Our authors demonstrate a procedure for the assembly of a breast cancer co-culture system, which they refer to as Mammary Architecture and Microenvironment Engineering, or MAME. Briefly, these culture models consist of a layer of human breast fibroblasts in collagen 1 matrix, below a layer of reconstituted basement membrane matrix, upon which ductal carcinoma cells from the breast are added before the entire model is submerged in medium. When imaged in 4D, or in 3 dimensions over time, the proliferation of carcinoma cells can be tracked. In addition, degradation of the basement membrane can be assessed as well, thanks to the incorporation of a type of collagen that fluoresces when hydrolyzed. This innovative culture system can provide insight for breast cancer researchers into the proteolytic pathways that promote invasive phenotypes in breast cancer cells and can be used to screen for new small molecule inhibitors that may hinder tumor proliferation.
In Immunology and Infection, JoVE shifts its focus to vector borne disease, where investigators from the Center for Disease control in Fort Collins, Colorado, present three fundamentally important procedures for understanding how infectious pathogens migrate through the tick. The first procedure involves removing one of the legs from the tick, which enables the collection of hemolymph - the fluid carries oxygen to the tick's organs. The bacteria that cause Lyme Disease, Borrelia burgdorferi, will move to the hemolymph of the tick once a bloodmeal has been absorbed by the midgut. The second dissection protocol illustrates steps for accessing the hemocoel and removing the salivary glands, which is where Borrrelia reside before transmission to a host. The final protocol begins with application of the muscarinic agonist, pilocarpine, to the dorsal surface of an engorged tick, in order to induce salivation. Saliva is collected from a mouthpart referred to as the hypostome and manual techniques for promoting tick salivation via gentle massage, are demonstrated.
From vector borne disease to medical device implantation, February is brimming with content submitted from authors dedicated to understanding and treating human disease. Other notable articles for the month of February include methods for assessing the metastatic potential of ovarian cancer, spatial analysis of neuropeptides in a rodent model of Parkinson's, and measurements of ventricular pressure in neonatal and embryonic mice. From bench to bedside, no other journal provides a window into biomedical research quite like JoVE. Stay tuned for February's content!

Here are some highlights from the February 2012 Issue of Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE).

Februar 2012: Diesen Monat in JoVE

The February issue of the Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE) takes a clinical theme with the release of two articles, which demonstrate ...

Forschung

Biologie

August 2012: This Month in JoVE

Traditional microscopy requires lens objectives to magnify specimens, and can involve numerous optical components like additional objectives, filters, and mirrors to refract and direct light to optical sensors. The August 2012 issue of JoVE (Journal of Visualized Experiments) is marked by the third publication from the Ozcan Lab (University of California, Los Angeles) on their lens free lens-free "on-chip" microscopy platform, which they have pioneered.
Back in 2009, the Ozcan lab published their first article, which demonstrated the use of a lens-free imaging platform that could image cells within whole blood. This imaging technique involves placing a sample directly on an optoelectric sensor array, like the CCD or CMOS chips found in the standard camcorder. Then, LED illumination from above the sample casts shadows on the chip, which are recorded as digital holograms that can be subjected to image processing. Not only does this lensless imaging system allow for an extremely large field of view (FOV of 0.6-8 cm2), the lack of bulky optical components makes it excellent for microfluidic applications. The Ozcan group demonstrates this in their follow-up 2011 JoVE article, in which fluorescently labeled white blood cells are imaged within a microfluidic chip.
This August in JoVE, the Ozcan group demonstrates further advancements to their lens-free microscopy platform by applying it to tomographic imaging of the nematode, C. elegans. By changing the angle of illumination, using a motorized rotation stage, the Ozcan group shows how multiple holographic slices may be generated for a sample-which, following processing, can be combined into tomograms. The Ozcan group confirms that their 3D reconstruction of the worm is successful by citing that the pharyngeal tube, a 5-micron-thick structure, is only visible in a single slice and in a 3D reconstructed cross section.
The compact and inexpensive nature of the lens-free imaging systems - designed and assembled by the Ozcan group - make them well suited for point-of-care diagnostic applications, or even cell phone based microscopy that can be performed in the field.
At the Ernest Gallo Clinic and Research Center at University of California, San Francisco JoVE learns how to visualize morphological changes in single cells using three-dimensional fluorescence microscopy and computer analysis. In this procedure, cells are given agonist, antagonist plus agonist, or no treatment, and prepared for immunofluorescence microscopy. Three-dimensional images are acquired with the help of a two-photon laser system, and the fluorescence data are processed on the computer using Imaris and Matlab.
To demonstrate the power of this technique, our authors quantify single-cell phenotypic changes in transfected HEK293 cells. Three-dimensional morphometric analysis shows dramatic changes in cells treated with agonist. These changes are not always apparent when using conventional 2D analysis. This technique allows morphological changes in single cells to be quantified and characterized in response to pharmacologic stimuli, offering a powerful new assessment tool to the arsenal of drug discovery research.
This month, in JoVE Applied Physics, we travel to South Carolina to visit the School of Materials Science and Engineering at Clemson University. Here, researchers show us how to construct lithium batteries for laboratory research.
The basic components of a lithium coin cell are the working electrode, the lithium electrolyte, and a lithium foil counter electrode. The different components of the coin cell are carefully assembled and sealed with a crimping machine. The finished coin cell can then be characterized in a battery tester. Using their homemade coin cells, our researchers can experiment with using different materials to make the cathodes of lithium coin cells.
This month in JoVE Immunology and Infection, we head to Basel, Switzerland to witness two techniques for diagnosing helminth infections. We also see how investigators perform the shuttle run test in children, in order to assess the effects of these infections on physical fitness.
Helminths are parasitic worms that can live inside humans and animals. Many species infect the intestinal tract, and may be transmitted through soil. Our authors demonstrate the Kato-Katz technique, which is used for diagnosing several common soil-transmitted helminths. They also demonstrate the Baermann technique, which uses light to stimulate the migration of certain types of phototactic helminths out of sample preparations. The various types of helminth species can subsequently be determined based on morphology.
Our authors then demonstrate how to set up and perform a 20-meter shuttle run test for children, and to measure the impact of helminth infections on physical fitness. This method can help determine the true burden of soil-transmitted helminth infections on overall health.
This brief summary highlights but a few notable video-articles that will be released in August. We'll also feature articles that demonstrate how to express genes in the midbrain of the chick embryo, study neutrophil transmigration in parallel flow chambers lined with endothelial cells, and precisely measure proteolytic degradation of the extracellular matrix.

Traditional microscopy requires lens objectives to magnify specimens, and can involve numerous optical components like additional objectives, filters, and mirrors to refract and direct light to optical sensors. The August 2012 issue of JoVE (Journal of Visualized Experiments) is marked by the third publication from the Ozcan Lab (University of California, Los Angeles) on their lens-free "on-chip" microscopy platform, which they have pioneered.

August 2012: Diesen Monat in JoVE

Traditional microscopy requires lens objectives to magnify specimens, and can involve numerous optical components like additional objectives, filters, and ...

October 2012: This Month in JoVE

Here are some highlights from the October 2012 issue of Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE). Gr&oslash;nlund et al. demonstrate how to isolate and analyze specific cell types in plant leaves expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). This method overcomes the interfering fluorescence of the chlorophyll found in leaves, and distinguishes GFP-expressing protoplasts from non-GFP protoplasts. In JoVE Neuroscience, Babona-Pilipos et al. demonstrate how to construct a chamber for measuring galvanotaxis, or cell migration within an electric field. Through time-lapse imaging and image analysis, the authors can study the migratory behavior of neural precursor cells in an electric field, which may lead to the use of electrical stimulation to direct neural precursors to sites of injury or disease. Articles involving microfluidic platforms have a significant publication history in JoVE. Harris et al. have released three articles, which involve a microfluidic device for separating axons from neuronal cell bodies. This month in JoVE Neuroscience, Higashimori et al. use this microfluidic platform to investigate the interactions between neuronal axons and glial cells, which are critical for the physiological function of the nervous system. In JoVE Bioengineering, two research groups demonstrate the novel bioadhesive properties of chitosan-a polymer derived from chitin, which is found in fungal cell walls or in the exoskeletons of crustaceans and insects. Chitosan is used in many industrial and agricultural applications, and bioengineers are also finding uses for it in surgical applications. Foster et al. have developed a laser-activated surgical film called Surgilux, which combines chitosan with indocyanine green ICG), a photosensitive dye. This surgical film binds strongly to tissue, such as muscle, after laser irradiation. Lauto et al. developed a surgical film that combines chitosan with the photoactive dye, rose Bengal. This novel film also binds strongly to tissues, such as intestine, after it is irradiated. These adhesive films are biocompatible and may potentially be used in various surgical procedures in place of sutures. In JoVE Clinical and Translational Medicine, Fiema et al. demonstrate a high-throughput technique for validating biomarkers in graft vs. host disease, a common and life-threatening complication of cell or tissue transplantation. The authors use commercially available ELISAs to analyze multiple proteins in sequential fashion. In JoVE Immunology and Infection, Keyel et al. demonstrate how to measure the real-time kinetics of immune cell responses to bacterial toxins using high-speed live cell microscopy. This method can be used to show how immune cells respond to bacterial toxins. Combined with high-speed 3D confocal microscopy, this technique can also visualize the cellular repair response. In JoVE Applied Physics, Borisenko et al. determine the electronic structure of complex materials using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy in a synchotron radiation facility. By combining recent advances in synchotron radiation, surface science, and cryogenics, this method can gain a precise picture of the energy and momentum of electrons inside a solid, and address key questions in the field of condensed matter physics. This preview summarizes just a few of the notable video-articles available in the October 2012 issue of JoVE. For additional videos, please visit <a href="http://www.jove.com">www.jove.com</a>.

Here are some highlights from the October 2012 Issue of Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE).

Oktober 2012: Diesen Monat in JoVE

Here are some highlights from the October 2012 issue of Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE).  Gr&oslash;nlund et al. demonstrate how to isolate and ...