Chapter 10
Cardiovascular Drugs: Antiarrhythmic and Heart Failure Drugs
Electrofisiología del ritmo cardíaco normal.
The normal cardiac rhythm is a synchronized electrical activity that facilitates the regular and coordinated contraction of the heart muscle. This process ...
Mecanismo de las arritmias cardíacas
Arrhythmias are irregular heart rhythms occurring when the heart's electrical impulses become abnormal. These disturbances can lead to various ...
Fármacos antiarrítmicos: agentes de clase I como bloqueadores de los canales de sodio
Class I antiarrhythmic drugs are used to treat various types of arrhythmias or irregular heart rhythms. These drugs block the sodium (Na+) channels in the ...
Fármacos antiarrítmicos: agentes de clase II como bloqueadores β-adrenérgicos
Adrenergic stimulation generally impacts cardiac rate and rhythm. Specifically, stimulation of the β-adrenoceptors triggers an increase in ...
Fármacos antiarrítmicos: agentes de clase III como bloqueadores de los canales de potasio
Class III antiarrhythmic drugs are a group of medications that can prolong action potentials in the heart. They achieve this by blocking potassium ...
Fármacos antiarrítmicos: agentes de clase IV como bloqueadores de los canales de calcio
Class IV antiarrhythmic drugs, such as verapamil and diltiazem, block calcium channels. They primarily affect the heart, slowing the conduction in ...
Fisiopatología del rendimiento cardíaco
Typical heart performance is influenced by heart rate, rhythm, myocardial contraction, and metabolism or blood flow. The cardiac muscle exhibits distinct ...
Fisiopatología de la insuficiencia cardíaca
Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and ...
Fármacos para la insuficiencia cardíaca: agentes inotrópicos
Positive inotropic agents are commonly used as the first line of treatment for heart failure. One such agent is digoxin, derived from the genus Digitalis, ...
Medicamentos para la insuficiencia cardíaca: diuréticos
Heart failure and kidney perfusion are interconnected in a complex way. Reduced renal perfusion and venous congestion are two significant factors that ...
Medicamentos para la insuficiencia cardíaca: inhibidores del sistema renina-angiotensina
The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the ...
Medicamentos para la insuficiencia cardíaca: betabloqueantes
β-adrenergic antagonists, commonly known as β-blockers, block the effects of sympathetic neurotransmitters such as noradrenaline (NA) and ...
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