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Aarhus University Hospital

16 ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN JoVE

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Medicine

Basic Surgical Techniques in the Göttingen Minipig: Intubation, Bladder Catheterization, Femoral Vessel Catheterization, and Transcardial Perfusion
Kaare S. Ettrup 1,2, Andreas N. Glud 2, Dariusz Orlowski 2, Lise M. Fitting 1, Kaare Meier 1, Jens Christian Soerensen 1, Carsten R. Bjarkam 1,2, Aage K. Olsen Alstrup 3
1Department of Neurosurgery, Aarhus University Hospital, 2Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aarhus University, 3Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Centre, Aarhus University Hospital

The use of domestic and miniature pigs in science has increased significantly in recent years. By demonstrating how to perform intubation, transurethral bladder catheterization, femoral artery and vein catheterization, as well as transcardial perfusion, we aim to further increase the value of Göttingen minipigs in biomedical research.

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JoVE Core

Exposure of the Pig CNS for Histological Analysis: A Manual for Decapitation, Skull Opening, and Brain Removal
Carsten R. Bjarkam 1, Dariusz Orlowski 2, Laura Tvilling 2, Johannes Bech 2, Andreas N. Glud 2, Jens-Christian H. Sørensen 2
1Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Institute of Medicine, Aalborg University Hospital, 2Center of Experimental Neuroscience (Cense), Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital

The goal of this paper and instructional video is to describe how to expose and remove the postmortem pig brain and pituitary gland in an intact state, suitable for subsequent macroscopic and histological analysis.

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Neuroscience

An Improved Method for Collection of Cerebrospinal Fluid from Anesthetized Mice
Nastasia K-H Lim 1,2, Visse Moestrup 3,4, Xiao Zhang 1, Wen-An Wang 5, Arne Møller 3,4,6, Fu-De Huang 1,4
1Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, 2Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, 3Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 4Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research (SDC), 5Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital Chongming Branch Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 6Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET-centre, Aarhus University Hospital

This protocol describes an improved technique for the abundant collection of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with no contamination from blood. With greater sample collection and purity, more analyses can be performed using CSF to further our understanding of diseases that affect the brain and spinal cord.

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Neuroscience

CMAP Scan MUNE (MScan) - A Novel Motor Unit Number Estimation (MUNE) Method
Anna B. Jacobsen 1, Hugh Bostock 2, Hatice Tankisi 1
1Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Aarhus University Hospital, 2Institute of Neurology, Queen Square House

This protocol describes a new method to estimate the number of functioning motor units in a muscle, by fitting a model to a detailed stimulus-response curve of the compound muscle action potential. It is quick and easy to perform and analyze and has excellent reproducibility.

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Developmental Biology

Generation and Culturing of Primary Human Keratinocytes from Adult Skin
Claus Johansen 1
1Department of Dermatology, Aarhus University Hospital

The human skin acts as a first line of defense against the external environment. We present a method for isolating primary human keratinocytes from adult skin. These isolated keratinocytes are useful in numerous experimental setups, and are a highly suitable model for studying molecular mechanisms in cutaneous biology in vitro.

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Medicine

A Pulmonary Trunk Banding Model of Pressure Overload Induced Right Ventricular Hypertrophy and Failure
Stine Andersen 1, Jacob Gammelgaard Schultz 1, Sarah Holmboe 1, Julie Birkmose Axelsen 1, Mona Sahlholdt Hansen 1, Mads Dam Lyhne 1, Jens Erik Nielsen-Kudsk 1, Asger Andersen 1
1Department of Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital

We present a surgical method to induce right ventricular hypertrophy and failure in rats.

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Medicine

Contusion Spinal Cord Injury via a Microsurgical Laminectomy in the Regenerative Axolotl
Mathias Møler Thygesen 1,2, Fredrik Guldbæk-Svensson 1, Mikkel Mylius Rasmussen 2, Henrik Lauridsen 1
1Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 2Department of Neurosurgery, Aarhus University Hospital

This manuscript presents protocols for surgically inflicting controlled blunt and sharp spinal cord injuries to a regenerative axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum).

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Immunology and Infection

Humanized NOG Mice for Intravaginal HIV Exposure and Treatment of HIV Infection
Anna H. F. Andersen 1,2, Stine S. F. Nielsen 1,2, Rikke Olesen 1,2, Katharina Mack 1, Frederik Dagnæs-Hansen 3, Niels Uldbjerg 1,4, Lars Østergaard 1,2, Ole S. Søgaard 1,2, Paul W. Denton 1,2,5, Martin Tolstrup 1,2
1Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 2Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, 3Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 4Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Aarhus University Hospital, 5Department of Biology, University of Nebraska at Omaha

We have developed a protocol for the generation and evaluation of a humanized and human immunodeficiency virus-infected NOG mouse model based on stem cell transplant, intravaginal human immunodeficiency virus exposure, and droplet digital PCR RNA quantification.

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Neuroscience

Muscle Velocity Recovery Cycles to Examine Muscle Membrane Properties
Agnes Witt 1, Hugh Bostock 2, Werner J. Z'Graggen 3, S. Veronica Tan 4, Alexander Gramm Kristensen 1, Rikke Søgaard Kristensen 1, Lotte Hardbo Larsen 1, Zennia Zeppelin 1, Hatice Tankisi 1
1Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Aarhus University Hospital, 2UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square House, 3Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 4MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery

Presented here is a protocol for the recording of muscle velocity recovery cycles (MVRCs), a new method of examining muscle membrane properties. MVRCs enable in vivo assessment of muscle membrane potential and alterations in muscle ion channel function in relation to pathology, and it enables the demonstration of muscle depolarization in neurogenic muscles.

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Medicine

Closed Chest Biventricular Pressure-Volume Loop Recordings with Admittance Catheters in a Porcine Model
Mads Dam Lyhne 1,2, Jacob Gammelgaard Schultz 1,2, Simone Juel Dragsbaek 1,2, Jacob Valentin Hansen 1,2, Christian Schmidt Mortensen 1,2, Anders Kramer 1,2, Jens Erik Nielsen-Kudsk 1,2, Asger Andersen 1,2
1Department of Cardiology Research, Aarhus University Hospital, 2Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University

Here we present a closed chest approach to admittance-based bi-ventricular pressure-volume loop recordings in pigs with acute right ventricular dysfunction.

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Neuroscience

Conventional and Threshold-Tracking Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Tests for Single-handed Operation
Hatice Tankisi 1, James Howells 2, Bülent Cengiz 3, Gintaute Samusyte 4, Martin Koltzenburg 5, Hugh Bostock 6
1Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Aarhus University Hospital, 2Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, 3Department of Neurology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, 4Department of Neurology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 5Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery; Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, 6Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology

We present a suite of standardized single- and paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) recording protocols, with options for conventional amplitude measurements and threshold-tracking. This program can control three different types of magnetic stimulators and is designed to enable all tests to be performed conveniently by a single operator.

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Cancer Research

Simple and Fast Rolling Circle Amplification-Based Detection of Topoisomerase 1 Activity in Crude Biological Samples
Josephine Geertsen Keller 1,2, Karol Mizielinski 3, Kamilla Vandsø Petersen 1,2, Magnus Stougaard 2,3,4, Birgitta R. Knudsen 1,3, Cinzia Tesauro 3
1Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, 2Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 3VPCIR Biosciences ApS, 4Department of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital

A protocol for the sensitive and quantitative detection of topoisomerase 1 activity using the rolling circle enhanced enzyme activity detection assay is described. The method allows detection of topoisomerase 1 activity from purified components or cell/tissue extracts. This protocol has wide-ranging applications in any field involving detection of enzymatic activity.

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Medicine

Positron Emission Tomography Using 64-Copper as a Tracer for the Study of Copper-Related Disorders
Ditte Emilie Munk 1, Frederik Teicher Kirk 1, Mikkel Vendelbo 2, Karina Vase 2, Ole Munk 2, Peter Ott 1, Thomas Damgaard Sandahl 1
1Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, 2Department of Nuclear Medicine & PET-Center, Aarhus University Hospital

The present protocol describes how to perform 64Cu PET/CT and PET/MRI imaging in humans to study copper-related disorders, such as Wilson disease, and the treatment effect on copper metabolism.

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Medicine

Transbronchial Lung Cryobiopsy for Diagnosing Interstitial Lung Diseases and Peripheral Pulmonary Lesions - A Stepwise Approach
Jesper R. Davidsen 1,2, Christian B. Laursen 1,2, Søren H. Skaarup 3, Sissel B. Kronborg-White 3, Amanda D. Juul 1,2
1South Danish Center for Interstitial Lung Diseases (SCILS), Department of Respiratory Medicine, Odense University Hospital, 2Odense Respiratory Research Unit (ODIN), Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 3Department of Respiratory Diseases and Allergy, Aarhus University Hospital

Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) for diagnosing interstitial lung disease and peripheral pulmonary lesions is a high-yield diagnostic and safe procedure. We describe a stepwise approach to conduct TBLC for the different indications mentioned with a flexible bronchoscope, which might be helpful for novice bronchoscopists performing TBLC.

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Medicine

A Murine Model of Pressure Overload-Induced Right Ventricular Hypertrophy and Failure by Pulmonary Trunk Banding
Anders Hammer Nielsen-Kudsk *1,2, Janne Schwab *1,2, Julie Sørensen Axelsen 1,2, Asger Andersen 1,2
1Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 2Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital

We describe a murine model of right ventricular pressure overload-induced by pulmonary trunk banding. Detailed protocols for intubation, surgery, and phenotyping by echocardiography are included in the paper. Custom-made instruments are used for intubation and surgery, allowing for fast and inexpensive reproduction of the model.

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Medicine

A Porcine Model of Acute Autologous Pulmonary Embolism
Simone Juel Dragsbaek 1,2, Jacob Valentin Hansen 1,2, Victor Tang Merit 1,2, Mads Dam Lyhne 2,3, Mathilde Emilie Kirk 1,2, Anders Dahl Kramer 1,2, Mette Wørmer Poulsen 1,2, Christian Schmidt Mortensen 1,2, Jens Erik Nielsen-Kudsk 1,2, Asger Andersen 1,2, Jacob Gammelgaard Schultz 1,2
1Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, 2Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, 3Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Aarhus University Hospital

This study presents a porcine model of pulmonary embolism (PE) using large autologous emboli that replicate acute intermediate-risk PE. The model is well-suited for the evaluation of both pathophysiology and treatment responses.

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