adjunctive-diode-laser-therapy-probiotic-lactobacillus-therapy

Adjunctive Diode Laser Therapy and Probiotic <em>Lactobacillus</em> Therapy in the Treatment of Periodontitis and Peri-Implant Disease

Periodontal and peri-implant diseases are plaque-induced infections with a high prevalence, seriously impairing people&#39;s quality of life. The diode ...

Xi’an Jiaotong University

This paper presents an adaption of the fractional order terminal sliding mode control (AFTSMC) strategy for DC-DC Buck converter. The following strategy aims to design a novel nonlinear sliding surface function, with a double closed-loop structure of voltage and current. This strategy is a fusion of two characteristics: terminal sliding mode control (TSMC) and fractional order calculation (FOC). In addition, the influence of "the controller parameters" on the "performance of double closed-loop system" is investigated. It is observed that the value of terminal power has to be chosen to make a compromise between start-up and transient response of the converter. Therefore the AFTSMC strategy chooses the value of the terminal power adaptively, and this strategy can lead to the appropriate number of fractional order as well. Furthermore, through the fractional order analysis, the system can reach the sliding mode surface in a finite time. And the theoretical considerations are verified by numerical simulation. The performance of the AFTSMC and TSMC strategies is tested by computer simulations. And the comparison simulation results show that the AFTSMC exhibits a considerable improvement in terms of a faster output voltage response during load changes. Moreover, AFTSMC obtains a faster dynamical response, smaller steady-state error rate and lower overshoot.

High-performance fractional order terminal sliding mode control strategy for DC-DC Buck converter.

In this paper, an adaptive fractional order sliding mode control (AFSMC) scheme is designed for the current tracking control of the Boost-type converter in a Battery/Supercapacitor hybrid energy storage system (HESS). In order to stabilize the current, the adaptation rules based on state-observer and Lyapunov function are being designed. A fractional order sliding surface function is defined based on the tracking current error and adaptive rules. Furthermore, through fractional order analysis, the stability of the fractional order control system is proven, and the value of the fractional order (λ) is being investigated. In addition, the effectiveness of the proposed AFSMC strategy is being verified by numerical simulations. The advantages of good transient response and robustness to uncertainty are being indicated by this design, when compared with a conventional integer order sliding mode control system.

Adaptive fractional order sliding mode control for Boost converter in the Battery/Supercapacitor HESS.

Bone formation is a complex regeneration process that was regulated by many signalling pathways, such as Wnt, Notch, BMP and Hedgehog (Hh). All of these signalling have been demonstrated to participate in the bone repair process. In particular, one promising signalling pathway involved in bone formation and homeostasis is the Hh pathway. According to present knowledge, Hh signalling plays a vital role in the development of various tissues and organs in the embryo. In adults, the dysregulation of Hh signalling has been verified to be involved in bone-related diseases in terms of osteoarthritis, osteoporosis and bone fracture; and during the repair processes, Hh signalling could be reactivated and further modulate bone formation. In this chapter, we summarize our current understanding on the function of Hh signalling in bone formation and homeostasis. Additionally, the current therapeutic strategies targeting this cascade to coordinate and mediate the osteogenesis process have been reviewed.

Research progress on the hedgehog signalling pathway in regulating bone formation and homeostasis.

Recently, strategies that can target the underlying mechanisms of phenotype change to modulate the macrophage immune response from the standpoint of biological science have attracted increasing attention in the field of biomaterials. In this study, we printed a molybdenum-containing bioactive glass ceramic (Mo-BGC) scaffold as an immunomodulatory material. In a clinically relevant critical-size periodontal defect model, the defect-matched scaffold featured robust immunomodulatory activity, enabling long-term stable macrophage modulation and leading to enhanced regeneration of multiple periodontal tissues in canines. Further studies demonstrated that the regeneration-enhancing function of Mo-BGC scaffold was macrophage-dependent by using canines with host macrophage depletion. To investigate the role of Mo in material immunomodulation, in vitro investigations were performed and revealed that Mo-BGC powder extract, similar to MoO-containing medium, induced M2 polarization by enhancing the mitochondrial function of macrophages and promoted a cell metabolic shift from glycolysis toward mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Our findings demonstrate for the first time an immunomodulatory role of a Mo-containing material in the dynamic cascade of wound healing. By targeting the immunometabolism and mitochondrial function of macrophages, Mo-mediated immunomodulation provides new avenues for future material design in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

Role of molybdenum in material immunomodulation and periodontal wound healing: Targeting immunometabolism and mitochondrial function for macrophage modulation.

Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are a key cell type for restoring/regenerating lost/damaged periodontal tissues, including alveolar bone, periodontal ligament and root cementum, the latter of which is important for regaining tooth function. However, PDLSCs residing in an inflammatory environment generally exhibit compromised functions, as demonstrated by an impaired ability to differentiate into cementoblasts, which are responsible for regrowing the cementum. This study investigated the role of mitochondrial function and downstream long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in regulating inflammation-induced changes in the cementogenesis of PDLSCs. We found that the inflammatory cytokine-induced impairment of the cementogenesis of PDLSCs was closely correlated with their mitochondrial function, and lncRNA microarray analysis and gain/loss-of-function studies identified GACAT2 as a regulator of the cellular events involved in inflammation-mediated mitochondrial function and cementogenesis. Subsequently, a comprehensive identification of RNA-binding proteins by mass spectrometry (ChIRP-MS) and parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) assays revealed that GACAT2 could directly bind to pyruvate kinase M1/2 (PKM1/2), a protein correlated with mitochondrial function. Further functional studies demonstrated that GACAT2 overexpression increased the cellular protein expression of PKM1/2, the PKM2 tetramer and phosphorylated PKM2, which led to enhanced pyruvate kinase (PK) activity and increased translocation of PKM2 into mitochondria. We then found that GACAT2 overexpression could reverse the damage to mitochondrial function and cementoblastic differentiation of PDLSCs induced by inflammation and that this effect could be abolished by PKM1/2 knockdown. Our data indicated that by binding to PKM1/2 proteins, the lncRNA GACAT2 plays a critical role in regulating mitochondrial function and cementogenesis in an inflammatory environment.

Huan Zhou

Department of Periodontology,
College of Stomatology,
Department of Periodontology, College of Stomatology

Xi’an Jiaotong University

Adjunctive Diode Laser Therapy and Probiotic Lactobacillus Therapy in the Treatment of Periodontitis and Peri-Implant Disease

Huan Zhou

Department of Periodontology,College of Stomatology,Department of Periodontology, College of Stomatology

Xi’an Jiaotong University

Adjunctive Diode Laser Therapy and Probiotic Lactobacillus Therapy in the Treatment of Periodontitis and Peri-Implant Disease

Department of Periodontology,
College of Stomatology,
Department of Periodontology, College of Stomatology