JoVE Logo

Accedi

24.1 : Electric Potential Energy

When an electric field accelerates a free positive charge q, it is given kinetic energy. The process is analogous to an object accelerated by a gravitational field as if the charge were going down an electrical hill where its electric potential energy is converted into kinetic energy. Of course, the sources of the forces are very different. The work done on a charge q by the electric field in this process helps to develop a definition of electric potential energy.

The electrostatic or Coulomb force is conservative, which means that the work done on q is independent of the path taken. This is exactly analogous to the gravitational force. When a force is conservative, it is possible to define the potential energy associated with the force. It is usually easier to work with the potential energy because it depends only on position than to calculate the work directly.

When a conservative force does negative work, the system gains potential energy. But when a conservative force does positive work, the system loses potential energy. For conservative forces, the change in potential energy is compensated by the change in the kinetic energy such that the total energy of the system remains constant.

For the system of like charges, the potential energy of the system decreases when charges move away from each other. On the other hand, for the system of opposite charges, the potential energy of the system decreases when charges move toward each other.

Tags

Electric Potential EnergyElectric FieldPositive ChargeKinetic EnergyGravitational ForceConservative ForceCoulomb ForceWork DonePotential Energy ChangeSystem Energy ConservationLike ChargesOpposite Charges

Dal capitolo 24:

article

Now Playing

24.1 : Electric Potential Energy

Electric Potential

5.7K Visualizzazioni

article

24.2 : Energia potenziale elettrica in un campo elettrico uniforme

Electric Potential

4.6K Visualizzazioni

article

24.3 : Energia potenziale elettrica delle cariche a due punti

Electric Potential

4.4K Visualizzazioni

article

24.4 : Potenziale elettrico e differenza di potenziale

Electric Potential

4.3K Visualizzazioni

article

24.5 : Trovare il potenziale elettrico dal campo elettrico

Electric Potential

4.0K Visualizzazioni

article

24.6 : Calcoli del potenziale elettrico I

Electric Potential

1.9K Visualizzazioni

article

24.7 : Calcoli del potenziale elettrico II

Electric Potential

1.6K Visualizzazioni

article

24.8 : Superfici equipotenziali e linee di campo

Electric Potential

3.6K Visualizzazioni

article

24.9 : Superfici equipotenziali e conduttori

Electric Potential

3.3K Visualizzazioni

article

24.10 : Determinazione del campo elettrico dal potenziale elettrico

Electric Potential

4.3K Visualizzazioni

article

24.11 : Equazione di Poisson e Laplace

Electric Potential

2.6K Visualizzazioni

article

24.12 : Generatore di Van de Graaff

Electric Potential

1.7K Visualizzazioni

article

24.13 : Energia associata a una distribuzione di carica

Electric Potential

1.5K Visualizzazioni

article

24.14 : Condizioni al contorno elettrostatiche

Electric Potential

409 Visualizzazioni

article

24.15 : Secondo teorema di unicità

Electric Potential

970 Visualizzazioni

JoVE Logo

Riservatezza

Condizioni di utilizzo

Politiche

Ricerca

Didattica

CHI SIAMO

Copyright © 2025 MyJoVE Corporation. Tutti i diritti riservati