Questo lavoro è finanziato in parte dall&#39;Istituto USDA Nazionale per l&#39;Alimentazione e l&#39;Agricoltura, Programma Nazionale di sovvenzioni competitive, National Research Initiative Programma di 71,1 dell&#39;esercizio 2007 come Grant No 2007-35503-18392, e National Institutes of Health, Istituto per le allergie e malattie infettive , R33AI94514-03.

1 Spinning Dope Preparazione <ol><li> Preparare una serie di concentrazioni di biopolimeri da indagare (0,1% al 30%, w / v) ed essere sicuri di prendere in considerazione il contenuto di umidità della polvere biopolimero in questi calcoli. Per ogni concentrazione, pesare il biopolimero (amido o pullulano) in polvere in una provetta da 50 ml. Aggiungere la soluzione acquosa dimetilsolfossido (DMSO) e un ancoretta. </li><li> Posizionare il tubo in acqua bollente con agitazione costante su un agitatore magnetico piastra. </li><li> Dopo circa 1 ora, spegnere il calore e lasciare la dispersione raffreddare a temperatura ambiente. La dispersione è quindi pronto per il test reologiche e electrospinning. </li></ol> 2. costante Shear reologia <ol><li> Riscaldare il reometro e impostare la temperatura dello stadio a 20 ° C. Calibrare il divario tra il (mm cono 25 usato) Sonda e la fase (piastra). </li><li> Carico 0,41 ml della dispersione biopolimero sul centro del palco e abbassare la sonda per impostare il positisu (0,053 millimetri divario per 25 millimetri cono). Assicurarsi che la dispersione si diffonde in modo uniforme all&#39;interno del gap. </li><li> Eseguire il test reologici con i seguenti parametri sperimentali: modalità sweep: log, velocità iniziale: 100 sec -1, tasso finale: 0.1 sec -1, punti per decade: 10, ritardo prima misura: 5 sec, tempo di misurazione: 10 sec, e indicazioni per misura: due (sia in senso orario e antiorario). </li><li> Analizzare i dati reologici per stimare le concentrazioni adeguate di dispersione per elettrospinning prove. <ol><li> Tracciare viscosità apparenti shear contro shear rate in funzione delle concentrazioni di polimero. Per ogni curva di flusso, approssimative viscosità a zero shear, η 0, dai valori reali o estrapolati (ad esempio, a concentrazioni basse, dove i dati relativi alla frequenza di taglio basso sono inaffidabili) per la viscosità apparente a 0.1 sec - 1. </li><li> Calcola viscosità specifico: η sp = (η 0 - η s)η / s, dove s η è la viscosità del solvente. </li><li> Tracciare viscosità specifici in funzione della concentrazione. Identificare i regimi disimpigliata e aggrovigliati semidilute. Il regime disimpigliata semidilute inizia dalla fine bassa concentrazione con una piccola pendenza, e il regime semidilute impigliato ha una maggiore pendenza seguendo il regime disimpigliata. Modelli legge di potenza regressione Fit in entrambi i regimi. I valori di potenza sono le piste (concentrazione dipendenza) in semidilute regimi disimpigliata e aggrovigliati su un grafico log-log. L&#39;intersezione delle due linee a muro è la concentrazione entanglement, c e. </li></ol></li></ol> 3. Electrospinning parametro di variazione <ol><li> Assemblare la configurazione elettrospinning come mostrato in Figura 1. Caricare la siringa con dispersione di composizione appropriata, ad esempio, il 15% (w / v) di amido o pullulano in 100% DMSO, sulla pompa a siringa. Agganciare il filo ad alta tensione (positive) all&#39;ago. Collegare il bagno di coagulazione contenente etanolo puro a terra immergendo il filo di terra (negativo) nel bagno. Utilizzare un jack laboratorio per regolare la distanza tra l&#39;ago della siringa e bagno di coagulo. Immergere una rete metallica nella vasca da bagno per raccogliere il materassino di fibra dopo elettrospinning. </li><li> Spin il biopolimero nella seguente parametro varia: avanzamento 0,1-0,4 ml / h, la distanza che gira da 5 a 10 cm, e la tensione da 0 a 15 kV. <ol><li> Iniziare con una distanza di filatura di 5 cm. Per la prima velocità di avanzamento (0,1 ml / h), la rampa della tensione lentamente da 0 V. Prestare attenzione alla forma della dispersione estruso sulla punta dell&#39;ago e notare quando la dispersione gocciolamento viene accelerato e poi allungata. </li><li> Nota la tensione alla quale un getto minuscolo avviato dalla superficie goccia, indicando electrospinnability della soluzione. Registrare la tensione alla quale un getto continuo avvia, se del caso. </li><li> Esaminare la gamma completa per ciascuno dei tre parameters e note condizioni di filatura di successo. Raccogliere le fibre solo quando vi è un getto continuo dalla punta. </li></ol></li><li> Dopo pochi minuti di raccolta, lavare il materassino di fibra con etanolo puro. Posizionare il materassino di fibra in un essiccatore contenente essiccante sotto vuoto. </li><li> Ripetere l&#39;operazione per ciascuna concentrazione biopolimero per la caratterizzazione completa. </li></ol><img alt="Figura 1" fo:content-width="5in" src="/files/ftp_upload/51933/51933fig1highres.jpg" width="500" /> Figura 1 Schema del setup elettro-wet-spinning. La dispersione biopolimero viene estrusa da una pompa a siringa. Un alimentatore in CC ad alta tensione fornisce alta tensione per l&#39;ago smussato e motivi, la vasca di coagulazione. Il getto del polimero dalla punta dell&#39;ago viaggia attraverso un percorso lineare e quindi sviluppa un rapido percorso di fustigazione (aka frustare instabilità). 4 Caratterizzazione morfologica<ol><li> Tagliare un pezzo di stuoia in fibra secca e immobilizzarlo su un stub per il SEM mediante nastro di carbonio. </li><li> Caricare lo stub del campione nello strumento SEM e ottenere immagini per l&#39;analisi. </li></ol>

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Gli autori dichiarano di non avere nulla da rivelare.

Reologia è uno strumento essenziale per studiare la lavorazione di polimeri, tra cui fibra di filatura convenzionale e electrospinning 13. Dagli studi di taglio costante reologiche del polimero, conformazione e le loro interazioni in diversi solventi possono essere risolti (figure 2 e 3). A concentrazioni non abbastanza alti per le molecole di biopolimeri si sovrappongono tra loro, la loro dipendenza concentrazione è stata di circa 1,4 (Figura 3), che era i...

Electrospinning è una tecnica che è in grado di produrre micro continua a fibre nanoscala da un&#39;ampia varietà di materiali. Esso ha acquisito sempre maggiore accademico e industriale di interesse 1. Anche se la messa a punto e la pratica della elettrofilatura sembra semplice, la capacità di prevedere electrospinnability e controllare le proprietà della fibra rimane una sfida. Il motivo può risiedere nel fatto che ci sono molti fattori che influenzano il processo elettrospinning 2 e il processo, soprattutto percorsa dalla fibra, è caotica 1. Spesso un approccio &quot;cuoco-e-guardare&quot; empirica viene utilizzato per lo screening di potenziali materiali electrospinnable. Tuttavia, per ottenere un migliore controllo sul processo elettrofilatura e proprietà delle fibre che ne derivano, una più completa comprensione dei meccanismi che governano electrospinnability è richiesto. Diversi ricercatori hanno scoperto che l&#39;entanglement molecolare dei polimeri nella droga filatura è un essential prerequisito per il successo elettrofilatura 3 5. Reologia è un potente strumento per sondare conformazione molecolare e l&#39;interazione in dispersioni polimeriche. Per esempio, McKee et al. indagato la conformazione molecolare lineare e ramificata poli (etilene tereftalato-co-etilene isoftalato) copolimeri in un solvente contenente cloroformio / dimetil tereftalato (7/3, v / v), e determinato che la concentrazione del polimero doveva essere 2-2.5x la concentrazione di entanglement per elettrofilatura successo 4. Non ci sono attualmente rinnovato interesse per le fibre da biopolimeri a causa dei loro vantaggi in biodegradabilità, biocompatibilità, e rinnovabilità nei confronti dei loro omologhi sintetici. Eppure i praticanti affrontare molte sfide che derivano generalmente dalla loro complessità strutturale, la difficoltà nella lavorazione termica e inferiori proprietà meccaniche. L&#39;amido, che si trova nei tessuti vegetali, è among i biopolimeri più abbondanti e poco costosi sulla terra. Fibre di amido Pure fabbricati utilizzando un apparato elettro-filatura a umido sono stati recentemente descritti 6. Pullulan è un polisaccaride lineare prodotta extracellulare da alcuni batteri. L&#39;alternanza regolare di (1 → 4) e (1 → 6) obbligazioni glucosidici sono da ritenersi responsabili per diverse proprietà distintive di pullulan, tra cui eccellente fibra / filmogeno capacità di 7,8. Electrospinning di fibre pullulano di dispersione acquosa è stata riportata da un certo numero di ricercatori 9,10. Nelle nostre precedenti pubblicazioni, l&#39;electrospinnability di due biopolimeri, amido 11 e Pullulan 12, è stato discusso. Questa relazione si concentra sulla dimostrazione del protocollo per l&#39;utilizzo dei principi reologiche nelle indagini della electrospinnability di questi due biopolimeri.

<table><tbody><tr><td>Gelose 80 starch</td><td>Ingredion</td><td></td><td>Used as it is</td></tr><tr><td>Pullulan</td><td>Hayashibara Co. Ltd</td><td></td><td>Used as it is</td></tr><tr><td>Dimethyl sulfoxide</td><td>BDH Chemicals</td><td>BDH1115-4LP</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Ethanol</td><td>VWR International</td><td>89125-172</td><td>200 proof</td></tr><tr><td>Rheometer</td><td>TA Instruments</td><td>ARES&amp;nbsp;</td><td>50 mm cone and plate geometry</td></tr><tr><td>Syringe (10 ml)</td><td>Becton, Dickinson and Company</td><td>309604</td><td>Syringe with Luer-Lok&amp;reg; Tip</td></tr><tr><td>High voltage generator</td><td>Gamma High Voltage Research, Inc.</td><td>ES40P</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Syringe pump</td><td>Hamilton Company</td><td>81620</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Environmental scanning electron microscope</td><td>FEI Company</td><td>Quanta 200</td><td>for starch fibers</td></tr><tr><td>Environmental scanning electron microscope</td><td>Phenom-World</td><td>Phenom G2 Pro</td><td>for pullulan fibers</td></tr></tbody></table>

molecular entanglement and electrospinnability of biopolymers

Electrospinning è una tecnica affascinante per fabbricare micro fibre di nano-scala da una grande varietà di materiali. Per i biopolimeri, entanglement molecolare dei polimeri costituenti della droga filatura è risultata essere una condizione essenziale per il successo electrospinning. Reologia è un potente strumento per sondare la conformazione molecolare e l&#39;interazione di biopolimeri. In questo rapporto, dimostriamo il protocollo per l&#39;utilizzo reologia per valutare la electrospinnability di due biopolimeri, amido e pullulano, dalla loro dimetilsolfossido (DMSO) / dispersioni di acqua. Sono state ottenute le fibre di amido e Pullulan ben formati con diametri medi del submicron di gamma micron. Electrospinnability è stata valutata mediante osservazione visiva e microscopica delle fibre formate. Correlando le proprietà reologiche delle dispersioni al loro electrospinnability, dimostriamo che la conformazione molecolare, entanglement molecolare e viscosità di taglio tutti fattori che influiscono elettirospinning. Reologia non è utile solo in selezione del sistema solvente e ottimizzazione del processo, ma anche nella comprensione del meccanismo di formazione della fibra a livello molecolare.

Curve di flusso delle dispersioni biopolimeri in funzione della concentrazione biopolimero e la concentrazione di DMSO in solvente sono stati ottenuti. Due figure rappresentative mostrano le curve di flusso di amido (Figura 2A) e pullulano (Figura 2B) in funzione della loro concentrazione nel solvente DMSO puro. Le viscosità specifiche sono state rilevate in concentrazioni biopolimero (Figura 3A per l&#39;amido e la Figura 3B per pullulano). Da queste ...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Molecular Entanglement and Electrospinnability of Biopolymers at JoVE.com

Molecular Entanglement and Electrospinnability of Biopolymers

Electrospinning è una tecnica affascinante utilizzata per fabbricare micro fibre di nano-scala da una grande varietà di materiali. Entanglement molecolare dei polimeri costituenti della droga filatura è essenziale per electrospinning successo. Vi presentiamo un protocollo per l&#39;utilizzo reologia per valutare la electrospinnability di due biopolimeri, amido e pullulano.

Molecolare Entanglement e Electrospinnability di biopolimeri

Electrospinning is a fascinating technique to fabricate micro- to nano-scale fibers from a wide variety of materials. For biopolymers, molecular ...

molecular-entanglement-and-electrospinnability-of-biopolymers

Research

JoVE Journal

Bioengineering

13.9K Views.  Pennsylvania State University.  Electrospinning è una tecnica affascinante utilizzata per fabbricare micro fibre di nano-scala da una grande varietà di materiali. Entanglement molecolare dei polimeri costituenti della droga filatura è essenziale per electrospinning successo. Vi presentiamo un protocollo per l'utilizzo reologia per valutare la electrospinnability di due biopolimeri, amido e pullulano. 

Video: Molecular Entanglement and Electrospinnability of Biopolymers

Electrospinning Fundamentals: Optimizing Solution and Apparatus Parameters

Electrospun nanofiber scaffolds have been shown to accelerate the maturation, improve the growth, and direct the migration of cells in vitro. Electrospinning is a process in which a charged polymer jet is collected on a grounded collector; a rapidly rotating collector results in aligned nanofibers while stationary collectors result in randomly oriented fiber mats. The polymer jet is formed when an applied electrostatic charge overcomes the surface tension of the solution. There is a minimum concentration for a given polymer, termed the critical entanglement concentration, below which a stable jet cannot be achieved and no nanofibers will form - although nanoparticles may be achieved (electrospray). A stable jet has two domains, a streaming segment and a whipping segment. While the whipping jet is usually invisible to the naked eye, the streaming segment is often visible under appropriate lighting conditions. Observing the length, thickness, consistency and movement of the stream is useful to predict the alignment and morphology of the nanofibers being formed. A short, non-uniform, inconsistent, and/or oscillating stream is indicative of a variety of problems, including poor fiber alignment, beading, splattering, and curlicue or wavy patterns. The stream can be optimized by adjusting the composition of the solution and the configuration of the electrospinning apparatus, thus optimizing the alignment and morphology of the fibers being produced. In this protocol, we present a procedure for setting up a basic electrospinning apparatus, empirically approximating the critical entanglement concentration of a polymer solution and optimizing the electrospinning process. In addition, we discuss some common problems and troubleshooting techniques.

Electrospinning techniques can create a variety of nanofibrous scaffolds for tissue engineering or other applications. We describe here a procedure to optimize the parameters of the electrospinning solution and apparatus to obtain fibers with the desired morphology and alignment. Common problems and troubleshooting techniques are also presented.

Fondamenti electrospinning: Soluzione Ottimizzazione e parametri Apparatus

Electrospun nanofiber scaffolds have been shown to accelerate the maturation, improve the growth, and direct the migration of cells in vitro. ...

Ricerca

Bioingegneria

Air Filter Devices Including Nonwoven Meshes of Electrospun Recombinant Spider Silk Proteins

Based on the natural sequence of Araneus diadematus Fibroin 4 (ADF4), the recombinant spider silk protein eADF4(C16) has been engineered. This highly repetitive protein has a molecular weight of 48kDa and is soluble in different solvents (hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP), formic acid and aqueous buffers). eADF4(C16) provides a high potential for various technical applications when processed into morphologies such as films, capsules, particles, hydrogels, coatings, fibers and nonwoven meshes. Due to their chemical stability and controlled morphology, the latter can be used to improve filter materials. In this protocol, we present a procedure to enhance the efficiency of different air filter devices, by deposition of nonwoven meshes of electrospun recombinant spider silk proteins. Electrospinning of eADF4(C16) dissolved in HFIP results in smooth fibers. Variation of the protein concentration (5-25% w/v) results in different fiber diameters (80-1,100 nm) and thus pore sizes of the nonwoven mesh.
Post-treatment of eADF4(C16) electrospun from HFIP is necessary since the protein displays a predominantly &alpha;-helical secondary structure in freshly spun fibers, and therefore the fibers are water soluble. Subsequent treatment with ethanol vapor induces formation of water resistant, stable &beta;-sheet structures, preserving the morphology of the silk fibers and meshes. Secondary structure analysis was performed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and subsequent Fourier self-deconvolution (FSD).
The primary goal was to improve the filter efficiency of existing filter substrates by adding silk nonwoven layers on top. To evaluate the influence of electrospinning duration and thus nonwoven layer thickness on the filter efficiency, we performed air permeability tests in combination with particle deposition measurements. The experiments were carried out according to standard protocols.

Spider silk fibers display extraordinary mechanical properties. Engineered Araneus diadematus Fibroin 4 (eADF4) can be processed into nonwoven meshes using electrospinning. Here, the eADF4 nonwoven meshes are used to improve the performance of air filtering devices.

Filtro aria dispositivi tra cui maglie non tessuti di elettrofilate ricombinanti Spider Proteine ​​della Seta

Based on the natural sequence of Araneus diadematus Fibroin 4 (ADF4), the recombinant spider silk protein eADF4(C16) has been engineered. This highly ...

Fabricating Superhydrophobic Polymeric Materials for Biomedical Applications

Superhydrophobic materials, with surfaces possessing permanent or metastable non-wetted states, are of interest for a number of biomedical and industrial applications. Here we describe how electrospinning or electrospraying a polymer mixture containing a biodegradable, biocompatible aliphatic polyester (e.g., polycaprolactone and poly(lactide-co-glycolide)), as the major component, doped with a hydrophobic copolymer composed of the polyester and a stearate-modified poly(glycerol carbonate) affords a superhydrophobic biomaterial. The fabrication techniques of electrospinning or electrospraying provide the enhanced surface roughness and porosity on and within the fibers or the particles, respectively. The use of a low surface energy copolymer dopant that blends with the polyester and can be stably electrospun or electrosprayed affords these superhydrophobic materials. Important parameters such as fiber size, copolymer dopant composition and/or concentration, and their effects on wettability are discussed. This combination of polymer chemistry and process engineering affords a versatile approach to develop application-specific materials using scalable techniques, which are likely generalizable to a wider class of polymers for a variety of applications.

Two- and three-dimensional superhydrophobic polymeric materials are prepared by electrospinning or electrospraying biodegradable polymers blended with a lower surface energy polymer of similar composition.

Realizzazione superidrofobiche Materiali Polimerici per applicazioni biomediche

Superhydrophobic materials, with surfaces possessing permanent or metastable non-wetted states, are of interest for a number of biomedical and industrial ...

Fabricating Degradable Thermoresponsive Hydrogels on Multiple Length Scales via Reactive Extrusion, Microfluidics, Self-assembly, and Electrospinning

While various smart materials have been explored for a variety of biomedical applications (e.g., drug delivery, tissue engineering, bioimaging, etc.), their ultimate clinical use has been hampered by the lack of biologically-relevant degradation observed for most smart materials. This is particularly true for temperature-responsive hydrogels, which are almost uniformly based on polymers that are functionally non-degradable (e.g., poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) or poly(oligoethylene glycol methacrylate) (POEGMA)). As such, to effectively translate the potential of thermoresponsive hydrogels to the challenges of remote-controlled or metabolism-regulated drug delivery, cell scaffolds with tunable cell-material interactions, theranostic materials with the potential for both imaging and drug delivery, and other such applications, a method is required to render the hydrogels (if not fully degradable) at least capable of renal clearance following the required lifetime of the material. To that end, this protocol describes the preparation of hydrolytically-degradable hydrazone-crosslinked hydrogels on multiple length scales based on the reaction between hydrazide and aldehyde-functionalized PNIPAM or POEGMA oligomers with molecular weights below the renal filtration limit. Specifically, methods to fabricate degradable thermoresponsive bulk hydrogels (using a double barrel syringe technique), hydrogel particles (on both the microscale through the use of a microfluidics platform facilitating simultaneous mixing and emulsification of the precursor polymers and the nanoscale through the use of a thermally-driven self-assembly and cross-linking method), and hydrogel nanofibers (using a reactive electrospinning strategy) are described. In each case, hydrogels with temperature-responsive properties similar to those achieved via conventional free radical cross-linking processes can be achieved, but the hydrazone cross-linked network can be degraded over time to re-form the oligomeric precursor polymers and enable clearance. As such, we anticipate these methods (which may be generically applied to any synthetic water-soluble polymer, not just smart materials) will enable easier translation of synthetic smart materials to clinical applications.

Protocols are described for the fabrication of degradable thermoresponsive hydrogels based on hydrazone cross-linking of polymeric oligomers on the bulk scale, microscale, and nanoscale, the latter for preparation of both gel nanoparticles and nanofibers.

Fabbricando degradabile Hydrogel idrogeli su scale di lunghezza Multiple tramite estrusione reattiva, microfluidica, auto-assemblaggio ed elettrofilatura

While various smart materials have been explored for a variety of biomedical applications (e.g., drug delivery, tissue engineering, bioimaging, etc.), ...

Methods for the Self-integration of Megamolecular Biopolymers on the Drying Air-LC Interface

Living organisms that use water are always prone to drying in the environment. Their activities are driven by biopolymer-based micro- and macro-structures, as seen in the cases of moving water in vascular bundles and moisturizing water in skin layers. In this study, we developed a method for assessing the effect of aqueous liquid crystalline (LC) solutions composed of biopolymers on drying. As LC biopolymers have megamolecular weight, we chose to study polysaccharides, cytoskeletal proteins, and DNA. The observation of biopolymer solutions during drying under polarized light reveals milliscale self-integration starting from the unstable air-LC interface. The dynamics of the aqueous LC biopolymer solutions can be monitored by evaporating water from a one-side-open cell. By analyzing the images taken using cross-polarized light, it is possible to recognize the spatio-temporal changes in the orientational order parameter. This method can be useful for the characterization of not only artificial materials in various fields, but also natural living tissues. We believe that it will provide an evaluation method for soft materials in the biomedical and environmental fields.

A method for the drying-induced self-integration of megamolecular biopolymers on the air-liquid crystalline interface is provided here. This methodology will be useful not only for understanding the macroscopic potentials of biopolymers, but also as an evaluation method for soft materials in biomedical and environmental fields.

Metodi per la Self-integrazione di Megamolecular biopolimeri sul asciugatura ad aria-LC Interfaccia

Living organisms that use water are always prone to drying in the environment. Their activities are driven by biopolymer-based micro- and ...

DNA Nanotubes as a Versatile Tool to Study Semiflexible Polymers

Mechanical properties of complex, polymer-based soft matter, such as cells or biopolymer networks, can be understood in neither the classical frame of flexible polymers nor of rigid rods. Underlying filaments remain outstretched due to their non-vanishing backbone stiffness, which is quantified via the persistence length (lp), but they are also subject to strong thermal fluctuations. Their finite bending stiffness leads to unique, non-trivial collective mechanics of bulk networks, enabling the formation of stable scaffolds at low volume fractions while providing large mesh sizes. This underlying principle is prevalent in nature (e.g., in cells or tissues), minimizing the high molecular content and thereby facilitating diffusive or active transport. Due to their biological implications and potential technological applications in biocompatible hydrogels, semiflexible polymers have been subject to considerable study. However, comprehensible investigations remained challenging since they relied on natural polymers, such as actin filaments, which are not freely tunable. Despite these limitations and due to the lack of synthetic, mechanically tunable, and semiflexible polymers, actin filaments were established as the common model system. A major limitation is that the central quantity lp cannot be freely tuned to study its impact on macroscopic bulk structures. This limitation was resolved by employing structurally programmable DNA nanotubes, enabling controlled alteration of the filament stiffness. They are formed through tile-based designs, where a discrete set of partially complementary strands hybridize in a ring structure with a discrete circumference. These rings feature sticky ends, enabling the effective polymerization into filaments several microns in length, and display similar polymerization kinetics as natural biopolymers. Due to their programmable mechanics, these tubes are versatile, novel tools to study the impact of lp on the single-molecule as well as the bulk scale. In contrast to actin filaments, they remain stable over weeks, without notable degeneration, and their handling is comparably straightforward.

Semiflexible polymers display unique mechanical properties that are extensively applied by living systems. However, systematic studies on biopolymers are limited since properties such as polymer rigidity are inaccessible. This manuscript describes how this limitation is circumvented by programmable DNA nanotubes, enabling experimental studies on the impact of filament rigidity.

Nanotubi di DNA come un Versatile strumento per lo studio di polimeri semiflessibili

Mechanical properties of complex, polymer-based soft matter, such as cells or biopolymer networks, can be understood in neither the classical frame of ...

Melt Electrospinning Writing of Three-dimensional Poly(&#949;-caprolactone) Scaffolds with Controllable Morphologies for Tissue Engineering Applications

This tutorial reflects on the fundamental principles and guidelines for electrospinning writing with polymer melts, an additive manufacturing technology with great potential for biomedical applications. The technique facilitates the direct deposition of biocompatible polymer fibers to fabricate well-ordered scaffolds in the sub-micron to micro scale range. The establishment of a stable, viscoelastic, polymer jet between a spinneret and a collector is achieved using an applied voltage and can be direct-written. A significant benefit of a typical porous scaffold is a high surface-to-volume ratio which provides increased effective adhesion sites for cell attachment and growth. Controlling the printing process by fine-tuning the system parameters enables high reproducibility in the quality of the printed scaffolds. It also provides a flexible manufacturing platform for users to tailor the morphological structures of the scaffolds to their specific requirements. For this purpose, we present a protocol to obtain different fiber diameters using melt electrospinning writing (MEW) with a guided amendment of the parameters, including flow rate, voltage and collection speed. Furthermore, we demonstrate how to optimize the jet, discuss often experienced technical challenges, explain troubleshooting techniques and showcase a wide range of printable scaffold architectures.

This protocol serves as a comprehensive guideline to fabricate scaffolds via electrospinning with polymer melts in a direct writing mode. We systematically outline the process and define the appropriate parameter settings for achieving targeted scaffold architectures.

Sciogliere elettrofilatura scrittura di scaffold tridimensionale Poly(ε-caprolactone) con morfologie controllabile per applicazioni di ingegneria del tessuto

This tutorial reflects on the fundamental principles and guidelines for electrospinning writing with polymer melts, an additive manufacturing technology ...

Vapor Phase Deposition of Electroactive Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) onto Electrospun Commodity Polymer Nanofibers

This study investigates the preparation of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers through electrospinning to create highly porous and strong materials for applications in water purification, electrocatalysis, and biomedicine. The uniformly white PAN nanofiber mats were cut into 2 cm x 2 cm coupons to ensure consistency. After electrospinning, these nanofibers were coated with an electroactive polymer (EAP) using chemical vapor deposition, with iron (III) chloride (FeCl3) serving as an oxidant for polymerizing 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) into poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT). The study examined the impact of different FeCl3 concentrations on PEDOT deposition on the PAN coupons. PEDOT deposition led to an increase in coupon weight. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed increases in the diameter of the nanofibers treated with increasing FeCl3 oxidant concentration, although higher FeCl3&#160;concentrations caused inter-fiber bridging, implying a concomitant decrease in inter-fiber spacing. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) was used to confirm the presence of Fe, Cl, and S in the nanofibers, with sulfur content rising with FeCl3&#160;concentration used, suggesting increased PEDOT deposition efficiency with increasing oxidant concentration. Mechanical testing showed that PEDOT-coated PAN fibers had improved tensile strength and toughness in the hydrated state compared to pure PAN nanofibers. These results highlight the crucial role of FeCl3&#160;concentration in influencing the morphology and properties of PAN-PEDOT composites, enhancing their suitability for applications such as water purification, tissue engineering, biosensing, catalysis, and energy storage.

This paper describes a simple technique for coating electrospun PAN nanofibers with electroactive polymers using vapor deposition. The effects of the oxidant FeCl&#8323; on the deposition of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) coatings on PAN were investigated to understand and optimize polymer growth, fiber diameter, and overall mechanical strength of the nanofiber mats.

Deposizione in fase vapore di poli(3,4-etilendiossitiofene) elettroattivo su nanofibre polimeriche elettrofilate

This study investigates the preparation of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers through electrospinning to create highly porous and strong materials for ...

Chimica

Controlling Electrospun Polymer Morphology for Tissue Engineering Demonstrated Using hepG2 Cell Line

Electrospinning affords researchers the opportunity to fabricate reproducible micro to nanoscale polymer fibers. The 3D fibrous architecture of electrospun polymers is regarded as a structural imitation of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Hence, electrospun fibers fabricated from biocompatible polymers have been widely investigated by tissue engineering researchers for their potential role as an artificial ECM for guiding tissue growth both in vitro and in vivo. All cells are acutely sensitive to their mechanical environment. This has been demonstrated by the discovery of multiple mechanotransduction pathways intrinsically linked to the cytoskeletal actin filaments. The cytoskeleton acts as a mechanical sensor that can direct the functionality and differentiation of the host cell depending on the stiffness and morphology of its substrate. Electrospun fibers can be tuned both in terms of fiber size and morphology to easily modulate the mechanical environment within a fibrous polymer scaffold. Here, methods for electrospinning polycaprolactone (PCL) for three distinct morphologies at two different fiber diameters are described. The morphological fiber categories consist of randomly oriented fibers, aligned fibers, and porous cryogenically spun fibers, with 1 &#181;m and 5 &#181;m diameters. The methods detailed within this study are proposed as a platform for investigating the effect of electrospun fiber architecture on tissue generation. Understanding these effects will allow researchers to optimize the mechanical properties of electrospun fibers and demonstrate the potential of this technology more thoroughly.

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>Dimostrazione del controllo della morfologia del polimero elettrofilato per l'ingegneria tissutale utilizzando una linea cellulare hepG2

This method provides the means to test different polycaprolactone fiber morphologies and topographies for the purpose of tissue engineering. Small and large fibers are fabricated with random orientations, aligned orientations, and also porous cryogenically electrospun structures and used as platforms for cell culture.

Molecolare Entanglement e Electrospinnability di biopolimeri

Riepilogo

Esplora Altri Video

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Fondamenti electrospinning: Soluzione Ottimizzazione e parametri Apparatus

Filtro aria dispositivi tra cui maglie non tessuti di elettrofilate ricombinanti Spider Proteine della Seta

Realizzazione superidrofobiche Materiali Polimerici per applicazioni biomediche

Fabbricando degradabile Hydrogel idrogeli su scale di lunghezza Multiple tramite estrusione reattiva, microfluidica, auto-assemblaggio ed elettrofilatura

Metodi per la Self-integrazione di Megamolecular biopolimeri sul asciugatura ad aria-LC Interfaccia

Nanotubi di DNA come un Versatile strumento per lo studio di polimeri semiflessibili

Sciogliere elettrofilatura scrittura di scaffold tridimensionale Poly(ε-caprolactone) con morfologie controllabile per applicazioni di ingegneria del tessuto

Deposizione in fase vapore di poli(3,4-etilendiossitiofene) elettroattivo su nanofibre polimeriche elettrofilate

Dimostrazione del controllo della morfologia del polimero elettrofilato per l'ingegneria tissutale utilizzando una linea cellulare hepG2

Dimostrazione del controllo della morfologia del polimero elettrofilato per l'ingegneria tissutale utilizzando una linea cellulare hepG2

Molecolare Entanglement e Electrospinnability di biopolimeri

Riepilogo

Esplora Altri Video

Capitoli in questo video

Fondamenti electrospinning: Soluzione Ottimizzazione e parametri Apparatus

Filtro aria dispositivi tra cui maglie non tessuti di elettrofilate ricombinanti Spider Proteine ​​della Seta

Realizzazione superidrofobiche Materiali Polimerici per applicazioni biomediche

Fabbricando degradabile Hydrogel idrogeli su scale di lunghezza Multiple tramite estrusione reattiva, microfluidica, auto-assemblaggio ed elettrofilatura

Metodi per la Self-integrazione di Megamolecular biopolimeri sul asciugatura ad aria-LC Interfaccia

Nanotubi di DNA come un Versatile strumento per lo studio di polimeri semiflessibili

Sciogliere elettrofilatura scrittura di scaffold tridimensionale Poly(ε-caprolactone) con morfologie controllabile per applicazioni di ingegneria del tessuto

Deposizione in fase vapore di poli(3,4-etilendiossitiofene) elettroattivo su nanofibre polimeriche elettrofilate

Dimostrazione del controllo della morfologia del polimero elettrofilato per l'ingegneria tissutale utilizzando una linea cellulare hepG2

Dimostrazione del controllo della morfologia del polimero elettrofilato per l'ingegneria tissutale utilizzando una linea cellulare hepG2

Filtro aria dispositivi tra cui maglie non tessuti di elettrofilate ricombinanti Spider Proteine della Seta