Chapter 1
An Introduction to Psychology
心理学の定義
Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes.
Behavior includes all directly observable actions, from verbal communication to ...
科学としての心理学
In psychology, researchers use scientific methods to understand the mind and behavior, focusing on evidence-based research as the foundation of
...
構造主義
Structuralism is the theoretical foundation for the scientific study of the mind.
Structuralism breaks down mental processes into three basic elements ...
フロイト心理学
Sigmund Freud, an Austrian neurologist, introduced the concept of the unconscious mind in psychology.
The unconscious mind is a repository for feelings, ...
機能主義
Functionalism is a school of thought introduced by William James, influenced by Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection.
Functionalists ...
ゲシュタルト心理学
Gestalt psychology is a school of thought introduced by three German psychologists — Max Wertheimer, Kurt Koffka, and Wolfgang Kohler.
The term ...
行動主義
Behaviorism studies observable actions, such as a boy smiling after receiving ice cream or an audience clapping at the end of a performance.
Russian ...
ヒューマニスティック心理学
Humanistic psychology proposes that innate kindness and a desire for growth drive people to shape their lives and seek fulfillment.
The humanistic ...
認知主義
Cognitive psychology studies human cognition, focusing on mental processes such as thinking, understanding, decision-making, and problem-solving.
The ...
現代心理学
Contemporary psychology refers to the modern and recent areas of psychological research and practice, such as biopsychology, evolutionary, developmental, ...
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