Chapter 1
An Introduction to Psychology
Definindo Psicologia
Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes.
Behavior includes all directly observable actions, from verbal communication to ...
Psicologia como ciência
In psychology, researchers use scientific methods to understand the mind and behavior, focusing on evidence-based research as the foundation of
...
Estruturalismo
Structuralism is the theoretical foundation for the scientific study of the mind.
Structuralism breaks down mental processes into three basic elements ...
Psicologia Freudiana
Sigmund Freud, an Austrian neurologist, introduced the concept of the unconscious mind in psychology.
The unconscious mind is a repository for feelings, ...
Funcionalismo
Functionalism is a school of thought introduced by William James, influenced by Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection.
Functionalists ...
Psicologia da Gestalt
Gestalt psychology is a school of thought introduced by three German psychologists — Max Wertheimer, Kurt Koffka, and Wolfgang Kohler.
The term ...
Behaviorismo
Behaviorism studies observable actions, such as a boy smiling after receiving ice cream or an audience clapping at the end of a performance.
Russian ...
Psicologia Humanística
Humanistic psychology proposes that innate kindness and a desire for growth drive people to shape their lives and seek fulfillment.
The humanistic ...
Cognitivismo
Cognitive psychology studies human cognition, focusing on mental processes such as thinking, understanding, decision-making, and problem-solving.
The ...
Psicologia Contemporânea
Contemporary psychology refers to the modern and recent areas of psychological research and practice, such as biopsychology, evolutionary, developmental, ...
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