Chapter 1
An Introduction to Psychology
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Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes.
Behavior includes all directly observable actions, from verbal communication to ...
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In psychology, researchers use scientific methods to understand the mind and behavior, focusing on evidence-based research as the foundation of
...
البنيوية
Structuralism is the theoretical foundation for the scientific study of the mind.
Structuralism breaks down mental processes into three basic elements ...
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Sigmund Freud, an Austrian neurologist, introduced the concept of the unconscious mind in psychology.
The unconscious mind is a repository for feelings, ...
الوظيفية
Functionalism is a school of thought introduced by William James, influenced by Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection.
Functionalists ...
علم النفس الجشطالت
Gestalt psychology is a school of thought introduced by three German psychologists — Max Wertheimer, Kurt Koffka, and Wolfgang Kohler.
The term ...
السلوكيه
Behaviorism studies observable actions, such as a boy smiling after receiving ice cream or an audience clapping at the end of a performance.
Russian ...
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Humanistic psychology proposes that innate kindness and a desire for growth drive people to shape their lives and seek fulfillment.
The humanistic ...
الإدراك
Cognitive psychology studies human cognition, focusing on mental processes such as thinking, understanding, decision-making, and problem-solving.
The ...
علم النفس المعاصر
Contemporary psychology refers to the modern and recent areas of psychological research and practice, such as biopsychology, evolutionary, developmental, ...
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