我々は、この作業中に彼らの親切にサポートし、実り多いアドバイスに理研- BSIで私たちの仲間に感謝します。私は教授重見森、教授G BOR Juh SZ、博士に心から感謝の意を表したいと思います。 Kiyoji松山、総合研究大学院大学、日本の大学院コースの中にマイクロダイアリシス法を勉強する私に助言カタリンAK斯とRP D Dobolyi。最後に、我々は、ビデオ録画での彼らのサポートについては氏クリスSarneckyと博士林明高須に感謝。

ステップ1。プローブ注入の準備<ol><li>麻酔（ビデオには示されていません） 外科麻酔の着実なレベルを生成するために腹腔内ケタミンの注射（12.5 mg / kg体重）及びキシラジン（25 mg / kg）を混合してそれぞれの鳥に麻酔。 </li><li>定位フレームに頭部を固定する 耳のバー&quot;圧力の局所の痛みを減らすためにキシロカイン（TM）ゼリーを使用してください。鳥の頭部は耳のバーと45 °の角度で頭を保持するくちばしのホルダーで構成される定位固定装置に固定されています。移植のための定位手術中に、熱制御による外科的パッドで鳥の体を温める（温度= 34〜36 ° C）。 </li><li>外科領域の消毒 手術前にイソジン（TM）で手術野を消毒する。 </li></ol>ステップ2。定位位置<ol><li>基準点の位置合わせ 色素充填ピペットでラムダ（Y点）とマークY点にダミープローブを（ガラスマイクロピペット）に合わせます。最後のトレーサー試験の残りのデキストラン- TMRは、ビデオで使用されていました。 </li><li>皮膚の切開 皮膚を削除し、頭蓋の表面を露出。その後、綿棒で頭蓋の表面を清掃してください。 </li><li>ダミーカニューレの位置決め（水平方向） 標的部位（AP軸と横方向の調整）にダミーカニューレを移動する </li><li>小開頭術と硬膜の切開。 開頭術と硬膜の切開のための微細な注射針（30 G）のための微細な鉗子を使用してください。その後、頭蓋の表面を清掃してください。 </li><li>ダミーカニューレの最終的な位置決め（注入） マイクロダイアリシスプローブ意図したターゲットの地域上記の0.30ミリメートルで、ガイドカニューレの先端を見つけます。清潔で乾燥した表面はタフな接着のために必要とされているので最後に、、再び頭蓋の表面を清掃してください。 </li></ol>ステップ3。頭蓋表面の前処理 （歯科製品の&quot;直接充填修復&quot;のための同様の手順が採用されるものとする。） <ol><li>プライマー処理<ol><li> 皿にミックスPRIMARは液体Bで。 </li><li> 小さ ​​なブラシで頭蓋骨の表面に混合物を適用します。 </li><li> 30秒間おきます。 </li><li> 穏やかな空気の流れで乾燥させます。 （洗浄しないでください。） </li></ol></li><li>接着剤のアプリケーション<ol><li> 小さ ​​なブラシで頭蓋骨の表面に接着剤を適用します。 </li><li> 穏やかな空気の流れを適用します。 （洗浄しないでください。） </li><li> 20秒用光硬化。 </li></ol></li></ol>ステップ4。コンポジットレジンの取り付け<ol><li>普通の熱心な支持者を持つ樹脂をマウントします。 平原栓をする人が利用できない場合は、マイクロスパチュラを代わりに使用できます。 </li><li>光硬化</li><li>増分取り付け 増分取付けは樹脂の完全な反応を確保することをお勧めします。 増分取付の場合は、すべてのマウントの前に接着剤を適用する。 </li><li>最終的な硬化用コンポジットレジンと光硬化性を成形。 </li><li>手術の終わり</li></ol> 外科領域をきれいに、（ゲンタマイシン軟膏）抗生物質に適用され、定位炎から動物を取り外します。その後、熱制御室（温度= 33〜35 ° C）後の麻酔回復のために動物を保持。 ビデオに示すように、異常な動作は、手術の翌日に、動物のいずれにおいても観察されなかった。

<ol>
	<li>Adell, A., Artigas, F., Boulton, A., Baker, G., Bateson, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=In+vivo+Brain+microdialysis:+Principles+and+applications.">In vivo Brain microdialysis: Principles and applications.</a> In Vivo Neuromethods: Neuromethods. 32, 325-357 (1998).</li><li>Kendrick, K., Robinson, T., Justice, J., Bateson, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Microdialysis+in+large+unrestrained+animals:+neuroendocrine+and+behavioral+studies+of+acetylcholine,+amino+acid,+monoamine+and+neuropeptide+release+in+the+sheep.">Microdialysis in large unrestrained animals: neuroendocrine and behavioral studies of acetylcholine, amino acid, monoamine and neuropeptide release in the sheep.</a> Microdialysis in the Neuroscience. 7, 327-348 (1991).</li><li>Oakley, B., Schafer, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Experimental Neurobiology: A laboratory Manual. , (1978).</li><li>Okumura, T., Yamashita, Y., Okanoya, K., Tani, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Function+of+the+sensori-motor+nucleus+NIf+in+generation+of+complex+syntactical+song+in+the+Bengalese+Finch+I.+A+Biological+study.">Function of the sensori-motor nucleus NIf in generation of complex syntactical song in the Bengalese Finch I. A Biological study.</a> Soc. Neurosci Abst. 33, (2007).</li><li>Boulton, A., Baker, G., Robinson, T., Bateson, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+relation+of+brain+electrical+activity+to+behavior.">The relation of brain electrical activity to behavior.</a> In Vivo Neuromethods: Neuromethods. 32, 325-357 (1998).</li><li>Yamashita, Y., Okumura, T., Okanoya, K., Tani, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Function+of+the+sensori-motor+nucleus+NIf+in+generation+of+complex+syntactical+song+in+the+Bengalese+finch.">Function of the sensori-motor nucleus NIf in generation of complex syntactical song in the Bengalese finch.</a> , 101-104 (2007).</li></ol>

実験は、動物の脳の実験科学研究所、理化学研究所（理研- BSI）と研究所の動物倫理委員会がそれらを承認するためのガイドラインに従って実施された。

従来の自己硬化性アクリル樹脂のアプリケーションに比べて、導入手法にはいくつかの重要な利点があります。 1。ダイレクトボンディング： 自己硬化アクリルはしばらくの間、骨に接続することができますが、それは骨に付着していません。そのため、アンカレッジのネジが（図2a参照）取り付けベースを固定する必要があります。対照的に、光硬化樹脂は、骨に直接そのネジが必要とさ?...

写真1（a）は、マイクロダイアリシスプローブ（）、キャップナット（B​​）とガイドカニューレ（C）を示しています。この写真では、ガイドカニューレを直接頭蓋骨に付着する歯科用レジンに囲まれています。写真Bは、薬物灌流時の鳥を示しています。頭の上に、微細なテフロンチューブに接続されているマイクロダイアリシスプローブがあります。 Bの2 cmのスケールバー= 1 cmのそれぞれ。 <img src="http://www.jove.com/files/249_2008_8_26_3/249_Figure-01.png" /> 図1 -マイクロダイアリシスプローブ（A）と、薬物灌流時の鳥の写真（B）

application of light-cured dental adhesive resin for mounting electrodes or microdialysis probes in chronic experiments

慢性記録実験では、自己硬化性歯科用アクリル樹脂は、電極やマイクロダイアリシス-プローブの取付ベースとして使用されている。これらのアクリルが骨に結合しないので、ネジをアンカーとして使用されている。しかし、フィンチやマウスなどの小動物実験では、彼らのcraniumの複数形は非常に壊れやすく、成功したアンカーを保持することはできません。このレポートでは、我々は慢性実験で電極やマイクロダイアリシスプローブの取付ベース用光硬化性歯科用樹脂の新しいアプリケーションを提案する。この材料は、頭蓋骨に直接接合することができます。そのため、アンカーのネジは不要になり、手術野を大幅に削減することができます。過去の経験では、結合効果は2ヶ月以上保持することを示している。素材はしなやかと作業可能な時間の従来の樹脂の窓は数分です。しかし、これらの歯科用接着剤の作業時間のウィンドウが大幅に拡大して調整可能です。

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Application of Light-cured Dental Adhesive Resin for Mounting Electrodes or Microdialysis Probes in Chronic Experiments at JoVE.com

Application of Light-cured Dental Adhesive Resin for Mounting Electrodes or Microdialysis Probes in Chronic Experiments

このレポートでは、我々は慢性実験で電極やマイクロダイアリシスプローブの取付ベース用光硬化性歯科用樹脂の新しいアプリケーションを提案する。この材料は、頭蓋骨に直接接合することができます。

慢性実験における実装電極やマイクロダイアリシスプローブ用光重合型歯科用接着性レジンの応用

In chronic recording experiments, self-curing dental acrylic resins have been used as a mounting base of electrodes or microdialysis-probes. Since these ...

application-light-cured-dental-adhesive-resin-for-mounting-electrodes

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

15.3K ビュー.  RIKEN. このレポートでは、我々は慢性実験で電極やマイクロダイアリシスプローブの取付ベース用光硬化性歯科用樹脂の新しいアプリケーションを提案する。この材料は、頭蓋骨に直接接合することができます。

ビデオ: Application of Light-cured Dental Adhesive Resin for Mounting Electrodes or Microdialysis Probes in Chronic Experiments

Preparation of Artificial Bilayers for Electrophysiology Experiments

Planar lipid bilayers, also called artificial lipid bilayers, allow you to study ion-conducting channels in a well-defined environment. These bilayers can be used for many different studies, such as the characterization of membrane-active peptides, the reconstitution of ion channels or investigations on how changes in lipid bilayer properties alter the function of bilayer-spanning channels.  Here, we show how to form a planar bilayer and how to isolate small patches from the bilayer, and in a second video  will also demonstrate a procedure for using gramicidin channels to determine changes in lipid bilayer elastic properties.   We also demonstrate the individual steps needed to prepare the bilayer chamber, the electrodes and how to test that the bilayer is suitable for single-channel measurements.

Planar lipid bilayers, also called artificial lipid bilayers, allow you to study ion-conducting channels in a well-defined environment. Here, we demonstrate the individual steps needed to prepare the bilayer chamber, the electrodes and how to test that the bilayer is suitable for single-channel measurements.

電気生理学的実験のための人工二重層の準備

Planar lipid bilayers, also called artificial lipid bilayers, allow you to study ion-conducting channels in a well-defined environment. These bilayers can ...

生物学

Fabrication of Amperometric Electrodes

Carbon fiber electrodes are crucial for the detection of catecholamine release from vesicles in single cells for amperometry measurements.  Here, we describe the techniques needed to generate low noise (&lt;0.5 pA) electrodes.  The techniques have been modified from published descriptions by previous researchers (1,2).  Electrodes are made by preparing carbon fibers and threading them individually into each capillary tube by using a vacuum with a filter to aspirate the fiber.  Next, the capillary tube with fiber is pulled by an electrode puller, creating two halves, each with a fine-pointed tip.  The electrodes are dipped in hot, liquid epoxy mixed with hardener to create an epoxy-glass seal.  Lastly, the electrodes are placed in an oven to cure the epoxy.  Careful handling of the electrodes is critical to ensure that they are made consistently and without damage.  This protocol shows how to fabricate and cut amperometric electrodes for recording from single cells.

This protocol describes how to generate carbon fiber electrodes. The electrodes are subsequently used to detect catecholamine release from vesicles with carbon fiber amperometry.

アンペロメトリー電極の作製

Carbon fiber electrodes are crucial for the detection of catecholamine release from vesicles in single cells for amperometry measurements.  Here, we ...

Robust 3D DNA FISH Using Directly Labeled Probes

3D DNA FISH has become a major tool for analyzing three-dimensional organization of the nucleus, and several variations of the technique have been published. In this article we describe a protocol which has been optimized for robustness, reproducibility, and ease of use. Brightly fluorescent directly labeled probes are generated by nick-translation with amino-allyldUTP followed by chemical coupling of the dye. 3D DNA FISH is performed using a freeze-thaw step for cell permeabilization and a heating step for simultaneous denaturation of probe and nuclear DNA. The protocol is applicable to a range of cell types and a variety of probes (BACs, plasmids, fosmids, or Whole Chromosome Paints) and allows for high-throughput automated imaging. With this method we routinely investigate nuclear localization of up to three chromosomal regions.

We describe a robust and versatile protocol for analyzing nuclear architecture by 3D DNA FISH using directly labeled fluorescent probes.

直接標識プローブを用いた堅牢な3DのDNA FISH

3D DNA FISH has become a major tool for  analyzing three-dimensional organization of the nucleus, and several variations  of the technique have been ...

Multilayer Mounting for Long-term Light Sheet Microscopy of Zebrafish

Light sheet microscopy is the ideal imaging technique to study zebrafish embryonic development. Due to minimal photo-toxicity and bleaching, it is particularly suited for long-term time-lapse imaging over many hours up to several days. However, an appropriate sample mounting strategy is needed that offers both confinement and normal development of the sample. Multilayer mounting, a new embedding technique using low-concentration agarose in optically clear tubes, now overcomes this limitation and unleashes the full potential of light sheet microscopy for real-time developmental biology.

The development of zebrafish can be followed over days with light sheet microscopy when embryos are embedded in optically clear polymer tubes with low-concentration agarose.

多層はゼブラフィッシュの長期シート光顕微鏡用に取り付け

Light sheet microscopy is the ideal imaging technique to study zebrafish embryonic development. Due to minimal photo-toxicity and bleaching, it is ...

Isolation and Culture of Dental Epithelial Stem Cells from the Adult Mouse Incisor

Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie tooth regeneration and renewal has become a topic of great interest1-4, and the mouse incisor provides a model for these processes. This remarkable organ grows continuously throughout the animal&#39;s life and generates all the necessary cell types from active pools of adult stem cells housed in the labial (toward the lip) and lingual (toward the tongue) cervical loop (CL) regions. Only the dental stem cells from the labial CL give rise to ameloblasts that generate enamel, the outer covering of teeth, on the labial surface. This asymmetric enamel formation allows abrasion at the incisor tip, and progenitors and stem cells in the proximal incisor ensure that the dental tissues are constantly replenished. The ability to isolate and grow these progenitor or stem cells in vitro allows their expansion and opens doors to numerous experiments not achievable in vivo, such as high throughput testing of potential stem cell regulatory factors. Here, we describe and demonstrate a reliable and consistent method to culture cells from the labial CL of the mouse incisor.

The continuously growing mouse incisor provides a model for studying renewal of dental tissues from dental epithelial stem cells (DESCs). A robust system for consistently and reliably obtaining these cells from the incisor and expanding them in vitro is reported here.

成体マウス切歯から歯科上皮幹細胞の単離および培養

Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie tooth regeneration and renewal has become a topic of great interest1-4, and the mouse ...

The Assembly and Application of 'Shear Rings': A Novel Endothelial Model for Orbital, Unidirectional and Periodic Fluid Flow and Shear Stress

Deviations from normal levels and patterns of vascular fluid shear play important roles in vascular physiology and pathophysiology by inducing adaptive as well as pathological changes in endothelial phenotype and gene expression. In particular, maladaptive effects of periodic, unidirectional flow induced shear stress can trigger a variety of effects on several vascular cell types, particularly endothelial cells. While by now endothelial cells from diverse anatomic origins have been cultured, in-depth analyses of their responses to fluid shear have been hampered by the relative complexity of shear models (e.g., parallel plate flow chamber, cone and plate flow model). While these all represent excellent approaches, such models are technically complicated and suffer from drawbacks including relatively lengthy and complex setup time, low surface areas, requirements for pumps and pressurization often requiring sealants and gaskets, creating challenges to both maintenance of sterility and an inability to run multiple experiments. However, if higher throughput models of flow and shear were available, greater progress on vascular endothelial shear responses, particularly periodic shear research at the molecular level, might be more rapidly advanced. Here, we describe the construction and use of shear rings: a novel, simple-to-assemble, and inexpensive tissue culture model with a relatively large surface area that easily allows for a high number of experimental replicates in unidirectional, periodic shear stress studies on endothelial cells.

The Assembly and Application of &#039;Shear Rings&#039;: A Novel Endothelial Model for Orbital, Unidirectional and Periodic Fluid Flow and Shear Stress

Different levels and patterns of fluid shear are known to modulate endothelial gene expression, phenotype and susceptibility to disease. We discuss the assembly and use of 'shear rings': a model that produces unidirectional, periodic shear stress patterns. Shear rings are simple to assemble, economical and can produce high cell yields.

「せん断リング」の組み立てと応用：小説内皮軌道、単方向および定期的な流動のためのモデルとせん断応力

Deviations from normal levels and patterns of vascular fluid shear play important roles in vascular physiology and pathophysiology by inducing adaptive as ...

Application of Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Nitric Oxide (NO&#8226;) Probes, the geNOps, for Real-time Imaging of NO&#8226; Signals in Single Cells

Nitric Oxide (NO&#8226;) is a small radical, which mediates multiple important cellular functions in mammals, bacteria and plants. Despite the existence of a large number of methods for detecting NO&#8226; in vivo and in vitro, the real-time monitoring of NO&#8226; at the single-cell level is very challenging. The physiological or pathological effects of NO&#8226; are determined by the actual concentration and dwell time of this radical. Accordingly, methods that allow the single-cell detection of NO&#8226; are highly desirable. Recently, we expanded the pallet of NO&#8226; indicators by introducing single fluorescent protein-based genetically encoded nitric oxide (NO&#8226;) probes (geNOps) that directly respond to cellular NO&#8226; fluctuations and, hence, addresses this need. Here we demonstrate the usage of geNOps to assess intracellular NO&#8226; signals in response to two different chemical NO&#8226;-liberating molecules. Our results also confirm that freshly prepared 3-(2-hydroxy-1-methyl-2-nitrosohydrazino)-N-methyl-1-propanamine (NOC-7) has a much higher potential to evoke change in intracellular NO&#8226; levels as compared with the inorganic NO&#8226; donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP). Furthermore, dual-color live-cell imaging using the green geNOps (G-geNOp) and the chemical Ca2+ indicator fura-2 was performed to visualize the tight regulation of Ca2+-dependent NO&#8226; formation in single endothelial cells. These representative experiments demonstrate that geNOps are suitable tools to investigate the real-time generation and degradation of single-cell NO&#8226; signals in diverse experimental setups.

Application of Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Nitric Oxide (NO&amp;#8226;) Probes, the geNOps, for Real-time Imaging of NO&amp;#8226; Signals in Single Cells

This manuscript presents protocols for the application of novel genetically encoded nitric oxide (NO&#8226;) probes (geNOps) to monitor single cell NO&#8226; fluctuations in real-time using fluorescence microscopy. The Ca2+-triggered NO&#8226; formation on the level of individual endothelial cells was visualized by combining geNOps with a chemical Ca2+ sensor.

遺伝的にコードされた蛍光一酸化窒素の応用（•NO）シングル細胞におけるNO•信号のリアルタイムイメージングのためのプローブ、geNOps、

Nitric Oxide (NO&#8226;) is a small radical, which mediates multiple important cellular functions in mammals, bacteria and plants. Despite the existence ...

Inducing Apical Periodontitis in Mice

The mechanisms involved in local induced inflammation can be studied using several available animal models. One of these is the induction of apical periodontitis (AP). Apical periodontitis is a common pathology of an inflammatory nature in the periodontal tissues surrounding the tooth root. In order to better understand the nature and mechanism of this pathology it is advantageous to perform the procedure in mice. The induction of this odontogenic inflammation is achieved by drilling into the mouse tooth until the dental pulp is exposed. Next, the tooth pulp remains exposed to be contaminated by the natural oral flora over time, causing apical periodontitis. After this time period, the animal is sacrificed, and the tooth and the jaw bone can be analyzed in various ways. Typical analyses include micro-CT imaging (to evaluate bone resorption), histological staining, immunohistochemistry, and RNA expression. This protocol is useful for research in the field of oral biology to better understand this inflammatory process in an in vivo experimental setting with uniform conditions. The procedure requires a careful handling of the mice and the isolated jaw, and a visual demonstration of the technique is useful. All technical aspects of the procedures leading to induced apical periodontitis and its characterization in a mouse model are demonstrated.

Here, we present a protocol to locally induce apical periodontitis in mice. We show how to drill a hole in the mouse&#39;s tooth and expose its pulp, in order to cause local inflammation. Analysis methods to investigate the nature of this inflammation, such as micro-CT and histology, are also demonstrated.

マウスにおけるアピカル歯年理炎の誘導

The mechanisms involved in local induced inflammation can be studied using several available animal models. One of these is the induction of apical ...

Systematic Assessment of Mammalian Skull Specimens for Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology

Museum skull specimens represent a non-invasive, informative, and readily available means to study temporomandibular joint (TMJ) lesions, dental pathology, and anatomic variations in many mammalian species. Studying the teeth and jaws of an array of species can present a challenge requiring attention to detail and understanding of a species&#39; normal anatomy. In the present article, a systematic and precise protocol for examining skull specimens is discussed that has been applied to a variety of mammals to define characteristic diseases in the oromaxillofacial region. The procedure outlined is simultaneously precise, repeatable, and adaptable to the highly differing skull and tooth shapes and anatomy across species. Specifically, specimens are examined for missing teeth, periodontal disease, endodontal disease, TMJ pathology, and anatomical variations. Results gleaned from research on museum specimens may reflect the natural history, health, and disease status of individuals and species. Furthermore, these data can inform ecological and conservation research efforts, as well as the care of captive individuals.

The present protocol describes the techniques for the systematic assessment of skull specimens to characterize anatomical and developmental variations and abnormalities of the teeth, periodontal disease, endodontal disease, and temporomandibular joint pathology.

歯および顎関節病理のための哺乳類頭蓋骨標本の系統的評価

Museum skull specimens represent a non-invasive, informative, and readily available means to study temporomandibular joint (TMJ) lesions, dental ...

歯髄幹細胞の初代培養の確立

Primary Culture of Dental Pulp Stem Cells

The human dental pulp represents a promising multipotent stem cell reservoir with pre-eminent regenerative competence that can be harvested from an extracted tooth. The neural crest-derived ecto-mesenchymal origin of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) bestows a high degree of plasticity that owes to its multifaceted benefits in tissue repair and regeneration. There are various practical ways of harvesting, maintaining, and proliferating adult stem cells being investigated for their use in regenerative medicine. In this work, we demonstrate the establishment of a primary mesenchymal stem cell culture from dental tissue by the explant culture method. The isolated cells were spindle-shaped and adhered to the plastic surface of the culture plate. The phenotypic characterization of these stem cells showed positive expression of the international society of cell therapy (ISCT)-recommended cell surface markers for MSC, such as CD90, CD73, and CD105. Further, negligible expression of hematopoietic (CD45) and endothelial markers (CD34), and less than 2% expression of HLA-DR markers, confirmed the homogeneity and purity of the DPSC cultures. We further illustrated their multipotency based on differentiation to adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic lineages. We also induced these cells to differentiate into hepatic-like and neuronal-like cells by adding corresponding stimulation media. This optimized protocol will aid in the cultivation of a highly expandable population of mesenchymal stem cells to be utilized in the laboratory or for preclinical studies. Similar protocols can be incorporated into clinical setups for practicing DPSC-based treatments.

著者スポットライト:歯髄幹細胞による組織再生と疾患モデリングの進歩

This article provides a stepwise guide to establish a primary culture of dental pulps stem cells using the explant culture method and characterization of these cells based on ICSCRT guidelines. The cells isolated by this protocol can be considered as mesenchymal stem cells for further applications.

歯髄幹細胞の初代培養

The human dental pulp represents a promising multipotent stem cell reservoir with pre-eminent regenerative competence that can be harvested from an ...