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Abstract

Medicine

A Swine Burn Model for Investigating the Healing Process in Multiple Depth Burn Wounds

Published: February 23rd, 2024

DOI:

10.3791/66362

1Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 2Shriners Children’s Boston, 3Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Rennes University, 4SITI Laboratory, UMR, INSERM, Université de Rennes, 5Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 6Innovative Therapies in Haemostasis, INSERM UMR-S, University of Paris

* These authors contributed equally

Abstract

Burn wound healing is a complex and long process. Despite extensive experience, plastic surgeons and specialized teams in burn centers still face significant challenges. Among these challenges, the extent of the burned soft tissue can evolve in the early phase, creating a delicate balance between conservative treatments and necrosing tissue removal. Thermal burns are the most common type, and burn depth varies depending on multiple parameters, such as temperature and exposure time. Burn depth also varies in time, and the secondary aggravation of the "shadow zone" remains a poorly understood phenomenon. In response to these challenges, several innovative treatments have been studied, and more are in the early development phase. Nanoparticles in modern wound dressings and artificial skin are examples of these modern therapies still under evaluation. Taken together, both burn diagnosis and burn treatments need substantial advancements, and research teams need a reliable and relevant model to test new tools and therapies. Among animal models, swine are the most relevant because of their strong similarities in skin structure with humans. More specifically, Yucatan minipigs show interesting features such as melanin pigmentation and slow growth, allowing for studying high phototypes and long-term healing. This article aims to describe a reliable and reproducible protocol to study multi-depth burn wounds in Yucatan minipigs, enabling long-term follow-up and providing a relevant model for diagnosis and therapeutic studies.

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