Martin E. Schwab

Repair of the injured spinal cord. A joint approach of basic and clinical research.

Can experiments in nonhuman primates expedite the translation of treatments for spinal cord injury in humans?

The neurite outgrowth inhibitor Nogo-A promotes denervation in an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis model.

Anti-Nogo-A antibody treatment enhances sprouting of corticospinal axons rostral to a unilateral cervical spinal cord lesion in adult macaque monkey.

Regenerative Nerve Fiber Growth in the Adult Central Nervous System.

Repairing the injured spinal cord.

Functional recovery and neuroanatomical plasticity following middle cerebral artery occlusion and IN-1 antibody treatment in the adult rat.

Patterns of Nogo mRNA and protein expression in the developing and adult rat and after CNS lesions.

Red nucleus projections to distinct motor neuron pools in the rat spinal cord.

Electromyographic activity associated with spontaneous functional recovery after spinal cord injury in rats.

Long-lasting sprouting and gene expression changes induced by the monoclonal antibody IN-1 in the adult spinal cord.

Nogo-A expressed in Schwann cells impairs axonal regeneration after peripheral nerve injury.

Reorganization of descending motor tracts in the rat spinal cord.

Increasing plasticity and functional recovery of the lesioned spinal cord.

Genomic structure and functional characterisation of the promoters of human and mouse nogo/rtn4.

Anti-Nogo-A antibody infusion 24 hours after experimental stroke improved behavioral outcome and corticospinal plasticity in normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Do cancer cells die because of Nogo-B?

Nogo and its paRTNers.

Molecular analysis of Nogo expression in the hippocampus during development and following lesion and seizure.

Systemic deletion of the myelin-associated outgrowth inhibitor Nogo-A improves regenerative and plastic responses after spinal cord injury.

Sequential loss of myelin proteins during Wallerian degeneration in the rat spinal cord.

Cell-autonomous mechanisms and myelin-associated factors contribute to the development of Purkinje axon intracortical plexus in the rat cerebellum.

A reticular rhapsody: phylogenic evolution and nomenclature of the RTN/Nogo gene family.

Functional reorganization of the motor cortex in adult rats after cortical lesion and treatment with monoclonal antibody IN-1.

Nogo-A inhibits neurite outgrowth and cell spreading with three discrete regions.

Identification of Nogo-66 receptor (NgR) and homologous genes in fish.

Inflammation, degeneration and regeneration in the injured spinal cord: insights from DNA microarrays.

Rapid induction of autoantibodies against Nogo-A and MOG in the absence of an encephalitogenic T cell response: implication for immunotherapeutic approaches in neurological diseases.

Serum and cerebrospinal fluid antibodies to Nogo-A in patients with multiple sclerosis and acute neurological disorders.

The injured spinal cord spontaneously forms a new intraspinal circuit in adult rats.

Nogo and axon regeneration.

Identification of two NOGO/RTN4 genes and analysis of Nogo-A expression in Xenopus laevis.

Targeting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis lesions to a predetermined axonal tract system allows for refined behavioral testing in an animal model of multiple sclerosis.

Regulation of Nogo and Nogo receptor during the development of the entorhino-hippocampal pathway and after adult hippocampal lesions.

Behavioral testing strategies in a localized animal model of multiple sclerosis.

Remodeling of axonal connections contributes to recovery in an animal model of multiple sclerosis.

Nogo-A, -B, and -C are found on the cell surface and interact together in many different cell types.

Combining Schwann cell bridges and olfactory-ensheathing glia grafts with chondroitinase promotes locomotor recovery after complete transection of the spinal cord.

In vivo imaging of axonal degeneration and regeneration in the injured spinal cord.

Analysis of the reticulon gene family demonstrates the absence of the neurite growth inhibitor Nogo-A in fish.

Delayed treatment with monoclonal antibody IN-1 1 week after stroke results in recovery of function and corticorubral plasticity in adult rats.

Dendritic plasticity in the adult rat following middle cerebral artery occlusion and Nogo-a neutralization.

Nogo-A antibody improves regeneration and locomotion of spinal cord-injured rats.

Recovery and brain reorganization after stroke in adult and aged rats.

Inhibition of Nogo: a key strategy to increase regeneration, plasticity and functional recovery of the lesioned central nervous system.

BMP2 and FGF2 cooperate to induce neural-crest-like fates from fetal and adult CNS stem cells.

Characterization of epidermal neural crest stem cell (EPI-NCSC) grafts in the lesioned spinal cord.

Intrathecally infused antibodies against Nogo-A penetrate the CNS and downregulate the endogenous neurite growth inhibitor Nogo-A.

Nogo-A-deficient mice reveal strain-dependent differences in axonal regeneration.

Nogo-A-specific antibody treatment enhances sprouting and functional recovery after cervical lesion in adult primates.

Sprouting, regeneration and circuit formation in the injured spinal cord: factors and activity.

Phosphorylated FTY720 promotes astrocyte migration through sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors.

Intrathecal treatment with anti-Nogo-A antibody improves functional recovery in adult rats after stroke.

Cognitive outcome following brain injury and treatment with an inhibitor of Nogo-A in association with an attenuated downregulation of hippocampal growth-associated protein-43 expression.

Synaptic destabilization by neuronal Nogo-A.

Nogo-A inhibition induces recovery from neglect in rats.

Nogo receptor antagonizes p75NTR-dependent motor neuron death.

Anti-Nogo-A antibody treatment does not prevent cell body shrinkage in the motor cortex in adult monkeys subjected to unilateral cervical cord lesion.

Lamina-specific restoration of serotonergic projections after Nogo-A antibody treatment of spinal cord injury in rats.

Improving outcome after stroke: overcoming the translational roadblock.

Nogo-A expression after focal ischemic stroke in the adult rat.

DNA vaccination efficiently induces antibodies to Nogo-A and does not exacerbate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

Nogo-A and myelin-associated glycoprotein differently regulate oligodendrocyte maturation and myelin formation.

Constraint-induced movement therapy in the adult rat after unilateral corticospinal tract injury.

Neutralization of the membrane protein Nogo-A enhances growth and reactive sprouting in established organotypic hippocampal slice cultures.

Antibody against myelin-associated inhibitor of neurite growth neutralizes nonpermissive substrate properties of CNS white matter.

Functional reorganization in rat somatosensory cortex assessed by fMRI: elastic image registration based on structural landmarks in fMRI images and application to spinal cord injured rats.

Neuronal Nogo-A modulates growth cone motility via Rho-GTP/LIMK1/cofilin in the unlesioned adult nervous system.

Anti-Nogo-A antibody treatment promotes recovery of manual dexterity after unilateral cervical lesion in adult primates--re-examination and extension of behavioral data.

Chronic spinal hemisection in rats induces a progressive decline in transmission in uninjured fibers to motoneurons.

Differential effects of anti-Nogo-A antibody treatment and treadmill training in rats with incomplete spinal cord injury.

Nogo in the Mammalian cochlea.

Functional and anatomical reorganization of the sensory-motor cortex after incomplete spinal cord injury in adult rats.

Rewiring of hindlimb corticospinal neurons after spinal cord injury.

Cognitive recovery in the aged rat after stroke and anti-Nogo-A immunotherapy.

Constitutive genetic deletion of the growth regulator Nogo-A induces schizophrenia-related endophenotypes.

Pincher-generated Nogo-A endosomes mediate growth cone collapse and retrograde signaling.

Role of Nogo-A in neuronal survival in the reperfused ischemic brain.

Nogo-a regulates neural precursor migration in the embryonic mouse cortex.

Neuronal Nogo-A regulates neurite fasciculation, branching and extension in the developing nervous system.

Nogo-A antibodies and training reduce muscle spasms in spinal cord-injured rats.

Anti-Nogo on the go: from animal models to a clinical trial.

Profiling locomotor recovery: comprehensive quantification of impairments after CNS damage in rodents.

Nogo-A stabilizes the architecture of hippocampal neurons.

Functions of Nogo proteins and their receptors in the nervous system.

Delayed anti-nogo-a therapy improves function after chronic stroke in adult rats.

How hard is the CNS hardware?

NogoA restricts synaptic plasticity in the adult hippocampus on a fast time scale.

Anti-Nogo-A and training: can one plus one equal three?

Motor deficits and recovery in rats with unilateral spinal cord hemisection mimic the Brown-Sequard syndrome.

Delayed anti-nogo-a antibody application after spinal cord injury shows progressive loss of responsiveness.

Heterogeneous spine loss in layer 5 cortical neurons after spinal cord injury.

Rehabilitative training following unilateral pyramidotomy in adult rats improves forelimb function in a non-task-specific way.

Combined delivery of Nogo-A antibody, neurotrophin-3 and the NMDA-NR2d subunit establishes a functional 'detour' in the hemisected spinal cord.

Drug research: plug the real brain drain.

Tail spasms in rat spinal cord injury: changes in interneuronal connectivity.

The role of Nogo-A in axonal plasticity, regrowth and repair.

Influence of anti-Nogo-A antibody treatment on the reorganization of callosal connectivity of the premotor cortical areas following unilateral lesion of primary motor cortex (M1) in adult macaque monkeys.

Defeating inhibition of regeneration by scar and myelin components.

The rocky road to translation in spinal cord repair.

Long-distance axonal regeneration induced by CNTF gene transfer is impaired by axonal misguidance in the injured adult optic nerve.

Distinct roles of Nogo-a and Nogo receptor 1 in the homeostatic regulation of adult neural stem cell function and neuroblast migration.

Nogo-A downregulation improves insulin secretion in mice.

Neuronal Nogo-A negatively regulates dendritic morphology and synaptic transmission in the cerebellum.

Nogo and Nogo receptor: relevance to schizophrenia?

Synthetic microRNA-mediated downregulation of Nogo-A in transgenic rats reveals its role as regulator of synaptic plasticity and cognitive function.

Nogo-A is a negative regulator of CNS angiogenesis.

Nogo-A represses anatomical and synaptic plasticity in the central nervous system.

Combination treatment with anti-Nogo-A and chondroitinase ABC is more effective than single treatments at enhancing functional recovery after spinal cord injury.

Comparison of functional recovery of manual dexterity after unilateral spinal cord lesion or motor cortex lesion in adult macaque monkeys.

Long-term motor cortical map changes following unilateral lesion of the hand representation in the motor cortex in macaque monkeys showing functional recovery of hand functions.

Infusion of anti-Nogo-A antibodies in adult rats increases growth and synapse related proteins in the absence of behavioral alterations.

Upregulation of axon guidance molecules in the adult central nervous system of Nogo-A knockout mice restricts neuronal growth and regeneration.

Deep brain stimulation of the midbrain locomotor region improves paretic hindlimb function after spinal cord injury in rats.

An open source based high content screening method for cell biology laboratories investigating cell spreading and adhesion.

Nogo-A downregulation impairs place avoidance in the Carousel maze but not spatial memory in the Morris water maze.

Rewiring of the corticospinal tract in the adult rat after unilateral stroke and anti-Nogo-A therapy.

The neurite growth inhibitory protein Nogo-A has diverse roles in adhesion and migration.

How Plastic Is the Brain after a Stroke?

Nogo-A: Multiple Roles in CNS Development, Maintenance, and Disease.

Finding an optimal rehabilitation paradigm after stroke: enhancing fiber growth and training of the brain at the right moment.

The sphingolipid receptor S1PR2 is a receptor for Nogo-a repressing synaptic plasticity.

Protein synthesis dependence of growth cone collapse induced by different Nogo-A-domains.

High-Impact, Self-Motivated Training Within an Enriched Environment With Single Animal Tracking Dose-Dependently Promotes Motor Skill Acquisition and Functional Recovery.

Sprouting of brainstem-spinal tracts in response to unilateral motor cortex stroke in mice.

Nogo limits neural plasticity and recovery from injury.

Nogo-A-deficient Transgenic Rats Show Deficits in Higher Cognitive Functions, Decreased Anxiety, and Altered Circadian Activity Patterns.

Chasing central nervous system plasticity: the brainstem's contribution to locomotor recovery in rats with spinal cord injury.

Lost in the jungle: new hurdles for optic nerve axon regeneration.

Neutralization of Nogo-A enhances synaptic plasticity in the rodent motor cortex and improves motor learning in vivo.

New mouse retinal stroke model reveals direction-selective circuit damage linked to permanent optokinetic response loss.

Finding an optimal rehabilitation paradigm after stroke: enhancing fiber growth and training of the brain at the right moment.

The Ephrin receptor EphA4 restricts axonal sprouting and enhances branching in the injured mouse optic nerve.

Bridging the gap: a reticulo-propriospinal detour bypassing an incomplete spinal cord injury.

Nogo-A deletion increases the plasticity of the optokinetic response and changes retinal projection organization in the adult mouse visual system.

Anti-Nogo-A antibody: a treatment option for neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction?

Central nervous system regenerative failure: role of oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, and microglia.

Quantitative assessment of angiogenesis, perfused blood vessels and endothelial tip cells in the postnatal mouse brain.

A novel urodynamic model for lower urinary tract assessment in awake rats.