이 자료 기본 과학 연구 프로그램을 통해 국가 연구 재단의 한국 (NRF) 과학의 부, 정보 통신 및 미래 계획 (NRF-2017R1A2B4008053)와 사역의 무역, 산업 및 에너지 (에서 지 원하는 작업에 따라 MOTIE, 한국) 산업 기술 혁신 프로그램 번호 10052802 및 경제 협력 지역 (N0002310)의 산업에 대 한 격려 프로그램을 통해 기술 (진흥원)의 발전을 위한 연구원.

1. 나노-마이크로 Multiscale 구조 표면 AAO 필터 (그림 1)를 사용 하 여 제조
<ol><li>각각 구매는 AAO 필터는 기 공 크기, 높이와 200 nm, 60 µ m, 및 25 mm의 직경.</li>
	<li>1.2. 데 5 분, 99.8%와 99.9% 이소프로필 알코올 (IPA) 아세톤을 사용 하 여 100 μ m의 두께 폴 리 에틸렌 테 레프 탈 레이트 (PET) 필름의 표면을 청소 하 고 공기 총을 사용 하 여 3 분 동안 완전히 건조.</li>
	<li>애완 동물 필름, 오염 물질 없이 평평한 표면에 놓고 UV 경화 폴리우레탄 아크릴레이트 (PUA)의 0.1 mL 드롭 추가-입력 화면 257.4 cPs의 점도로 수 지.</li>
	<li>수 지에 AAO 필터를 배치 하 고 균일 하 게, 32 m m의 직경을 가진 고무 롤러를 사용 하 여 누릅니다. 그래서 롤러 반복적으로 그리고 신중 하 게 푸시 해야 누르면 수 지의 확산은 시각적으로, 확인 된다. 주의: AAO 필터 취 이며 과도 한 힘이 적용 되 면 깰 수 있습니다.</li>
	<li>애완 동물 및 AAO 필터 (수 지를 사용 하 여 연결)로 만든 표본 365의 파장을 가진 자외선 노출, 후 30 nm 수 지 치료 s.</li>
	<li>필터를 해산 하기 위해 10 분 동안 2m NaOH 솔루션의 100 mL에 치유 견본을 담가. 참고: SEM 이미지 표시 횡단면 및 구조 (그림 2)의 표면.</li>
	<li>디 물 표본 청소 후 완전히 공기 총을 사용 하 여 3 분 동안 그것을 건조. 참고: EDX 분석 확인 Na 및 알 검색 되지 및 완전 하 게 에칭 (그림 3).</li>
</ol>2. 표면 처리
<ol><li>UV 오존 치료</li>
	<li>나노-마이크로 multiscale 구조 5 분, IPA와 디 물을 사용 하 여 표본을 청소 후 건조 한 공기 총을 사용 하 여 3 분.</li>
	<li>견본 (multiscale 구조 측면)의 multiscale 구조의 측면을 비추는 60 분에 대 한 자외선 (185-254 nm의 파장)를 사용 하 여. 참고: UV 오존 장비는 25 mW/cm2의 강도.</li>
	<li>Octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) 자기 조립</li>
	<li>글러브 박스 안에 뜨거운 접시 놓고 증기 증 착 공정에 대 한 N2 환경을 유지 합니다.</li>
	<li>유리 또는 접착 테이프를 사용 하 여 플랫 플레이트에는 시료의 가장자리를 수정 합니다. 유리 또는 격판덮개의 크기 (직경 및 높이 13 m m 8 m m)와 비 커의 상단을 충당 하기 위해 충분히 큰 있는지 확인 합니다.</li>
	<li>5 "x 7" 핫 플레이트에 비 커를 놓고는 피 펫을 사용 하 여 비 커에 OTS 솔루션의 2 개 mL를 추가 합니다.</li>
	<li>유리 비 커를 커버 또는 얼굴에 비 커에 아래쪽으로 직면 하는 견본 접시.</li>
	<li>100 ° C, 다음 제거 장갑 상자에서 견본에서 60 분에 대 한 프로세스. 참고: OTS 코팅 과정 후 비 커와 글로브 박스 청소 되어야 한다.</li>
</ol>3. 윤 활 유를 주입 하 여 기능성 표면의 제작
<ol><li>약 0.2 mL 예금 OTS 코팅에 perfluorocarbon (PFC) 액체의 자체 집계 nanofiber 어셈블리.</li>
	<li>PFC X-20 X 5에는 대물 렌즈와 광학 현미경을 사용 하 여 습윤 과정을 관찰 합니다.</li>
	<li>몇 시간 동안 수직 위치에서 샘플을 배치 하 여 초과 PFC 액체를 제거 합니다.</li>
</ol>

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저자는 공개 경쟁 금융 관심 없다 있다.

자체 집계 nanofiber 어셈블리의 제조의 핵심 단계 과민 AAO 필터 고무 롤러와 수 지를 적용 하는 때 휴식 하지 않습니다 보장 하기 위해입니다. 사실, 그것은 AAO 필터 에칭 단계 전에 언제 든 지 휴식 하지 않습니다 보장 되어야 합니다. AAO 필터는 직경에서 25 mm, 때문에 기판의 크기는 약 30 x 30 m m입니다.
자체 집계 nanofiber 어셈블리 적절 한 표면 처리를 통해 다양 한 기능성 표면을...

나노 질감 구조와 같은 나노 입자, 나노튜브, 및 nanofibers 과학 사회에서 관심을 받고 있다 그들은 전기, 생물 의학, 광학, 및 표면를 포함 하 여 다양 한 응용 프로그램에 고유한 특성을 보여줍니다. 공학1,2,3,,45,6,7,8. 특히, nanofibers 널리 stretchable 및 투명 전극9, 착용 형 센서10,11, 상호12,13및 나노 광학 응용 프로그램에 사용 되 14. 자기 조립 나노 구조, 졸-겔 방법, 같은 조작, 리소 그래피, 및 복제15,,1617,18, 다양 한 방법 중에서 19,20, 서식 파일을 사용 하 여 직접 복제 현재 여겨진다 유망한 방법 때문에 간단 하 고 비용 효율적인, 다양 한 경화 형 재료21,22 에 적용 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26.
때문에 나노 세공 및 마이크로 스케일 높이의 큰 숫자가 multiscale 구조, AAO 널리 사용 됩니다 템플릿으로 nanofibers 및 높은 종횡비27,,2829 와 나노튜브의 제조에 , 그러나 30., 이러한 높은 종횡비에 표면 장력으로 인해 nanofibers 경향이 쉽게 집계31,,3233. 기존 연구는 가로 세로 비율 15:1 보다 큰 데 nanofibers 똑바로 서 있지 않지만 대신 집계, 비율 5:1 보다 작은 데 그는 집계33,34없이 개별적으로 고립 된 입증 했다. 모 세관 힘 및 표면 장력 nanofiber 제조 동안 프로세스 중 하나인는 현상를 사용 하 여 알 루미나의 제거에 중요 한 역할을 재생 합니다. 가로 세로 비율 증가, 표면 장력 nanofibers 중 집계를 일으키는, 서로 가까이 그들을 끌어 경향이 있다. 여러 연구 결과 이러한 집계35, 특히 고분자와 금속 nanofibers 관찰을 방지 하는 방법에 집중 했다. 이 중, 액체 nanofibers 사이 공간 차지 하 고, 표면 장력 저하 되므로 nanofiber 표면의 수 분 덩어리를 줄일 수 있습니다. 또한, 동결 방법 또한 nanofibers 사이 표면 장력을 감소 하 여 집합을 줄일 수 있습니다. 그러나, 다양 한 노력에도 불구 하 고 높은 종횡비 nanofibers의 스트레이트 남아 있다 도전.
이 위해, 우리는 긍정적인 방식으로 집계 현상을 이용 하 여 얽힌된 nanofiber multiscale 구조를 조작 하는 독특한 방법을 보고 합니다. 여기, nanofiber 구조는 AAO 필터 및 폴리우레탄 아크릴레이트 (PUA)를 사용 하 여 각 인은-257.4의 점도로 수 지 입력 cP. UV 나노 임 프린트 리소 그래피 (UV-전무)를 수행한 후 NaOH 솔루션 금형 에칭 이다. 제안 된 multiscale 구조 특성, 우리는 자기 조립된 단층 코팅 등 적절 한 표면 처리 및 UV 오존 처리 후 집계 nanofibers와 표면 습윤 샘플의 패턴 동작 조사 . 또한, 우리 multiscale 다공성 표면 윤 활 유 주입 프로세스를 사용 하 여 미 끄 러운 표면에 간단 하 게 변환 될 수 있습니다 제안 합니다.

<table><tbody><tr><td>MINS 511RM</td><td>Minuta Tech</td><td></td><td>UV curable resin</td></tr><tr><td>Octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS)</td><td>Aldrich</td><td></td><td>Surface treatment</td></tr><tr><td>Sodium oxidanide</td><td>SAMCHUN</td><td></td><td>Etching solution</td></tr><tr><td>Anopore Inoganic Membranes</td><td>Whatman</td><td></td><td>25mm/0.2&amp;micro;m</td></tr><tr><td>MT-UV-A 47</td><td>Meiji Techno</td><td></td><td>UV curing equipment</td></tr><tr><td>UVC-30</td><td>Jaesung Engineering</td><td></td><td>UVO treatment equipment</td></tr><tr><td>Smart Drop Plus</td><td>FEMTOFAB</td><td></td><td>Contact angle measurement</td></tr><tr><td>Fluorinert FC-70</td><td>3M</td><td></td><td>liquid mixture of completely fluorinated aliphatic compounds</td></tr><tr><td>Polyethylene terephthalate film</td><td>Sunchem</td><td></td><td>Substrate</td></tr><tr><td>Acetone (99.8%)</td><td>Daejung</td><td></td><td>Cleaning solution</td></tr><tr><td>Isopropyl alcohol (99.9%)</td><td>Daejung</td><td></td><td>Cleaning solution</td></tr><tr><td>Rubber roller</td><td>Hwahong</td><td></td><td>For application of resin</td></tr><tr><td>Corning Stirring Hot Plates</td><td>Corning</td><td></td><td>Hot plate equipment (5&quot; x 7&quot;)</td></tr></tbody></table>

multiscale structures aggregated by imprinted nanofibers for functional surfaces

Multiscale 표면 구조는 표면 장치에서 몇 가지 잠재적인 응용 프로그램으로 인하여 증가 관심을 받고 있다. 그러나, 분야에서 기존 도전 손쉬운, 비용 효율적인, 그리고 높은 처리량 방법을 사용 하 여 하이브리드 마이크로-나노 구조체의 제조 이다. 이러한 문제를 해결 하려면이 문서 multiscale 구조 양극 알루미늄 산화물 (AAO) 필터는 인쇄물 프로세스만 nanofibers의 증발 자체 집계 과정을 사용 하 여 조작 하는 프로토콜을 제안 합니다. Nanofibers을 목적으로 해야 하는 이전 시도는 달리 높은 종횡비 multiscale 집계 nanofibers의 독특한 제조 방법을 설명 합니다. 또한, 표면 형태와 이러한 구조의 다양 한 액체에 습윤 다기능 표면에 그들의 사용을 촉진 하기 위하여 조사 되었다.

우리가 시연 multiscale 나노-마이크로 하이브리드 구조는 각 인 형으로 AAO 필터를 사용 하 여 제작에 대 한 신속 하 고 간단한 방법. 전체 과정은 30 분 (그림 4) 했다. 그것은 NaOH를 사용 하 여 에칭 프로세스 진행 후 결과 표면 불투명 색상 때문에 표면 장력에 의해 발생 하는 집계 nanofiber 어셈블리 원래 AAO 필터와 유사한 전시를 지적 했다. 또한, EDX 분석 ...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Multiscale Structures Aggregated by Imprinted Nanofibers for Functional Surfaces at JoVE.com

Multiscale Structures Aggregated by Imprinted Nanofibers for Functional Surfaces

기능성 표면에 찍힌된 Nanofibers 여 집계 multiscale 구조

발표 nanofibers 양극 산화 알루미늄 필터를 사용 하 여 날조를 집계 하 여 기능성 표면 나노-마이크로 multiscale 구조를 조작 하는 쉬운 방법이 이다.

Multiscale surface structures have attracted increasing interest owing to several potential applications in surface devices. However, an existing ...

multiscale-structures-aggregated-imprinted-nanofibers-for-functional

Research

JoVE Journal

Engineering

6.5K 조회수.  Changwon National University. 발표 nanofibers 양극 산화 알루미늄 필터를 사용 하 여 날조를 집계 하 여 기능성 표면 나노-마이크로 multiscale 구조를 조작 하는 쉬운 방법이 이다.

비디오: Multiscale Structures Aggregated by Imprinted Nanofibers for Functional Surfaces

Nanomoulding of Functional Materials, a Versatile Complementary Pattern Replication Method to Nanoimprinting

We describe a nanomoulding technique which allows low-cost nanoscale patterning of functional materials, materials stacks and full devices. Nanomoulding combined with layer transfer enables the replication of arbitrary surface patterns from a master structure onto the functional material. Nanomoulding can be performed on any nanoimprinting setup and can be applied to a wide range of materials and deposition processes. In particular we demonstrate the fabrication of patterned transparent zinc oxide electrodes for light trapping applications in solar cells.

We describe a nanomoulding technique which allows low-cost nanoscale patterning of functional materials, materials stacks and full devices. Nanomoulding can be performed on any nanoimprinting setup and can be applied to a wide range of materials and deposition processes.

기능성 재료 Nanomoulding, Nanoimprinting에 다목적 보완 패턴 복제 방법

We describe a nanomoulding technique which  allows low-cost nanoscale patterning of functional materials, materials stacks  and full devices. Nanomoulding ...

연구

공학

Manufacturing of Three-dimensionally Microstructured Nanocomposites through Microfluidic Infiltration

Microstructured composite beams reinforced with complex three-dimensionally (3D) patterned nanocomposite microfilaments are fabricated via nanocomposite in&#64257;ltration of 3D interconnected microfluidic networks. The manufacturing of the reinforced beams begins with the fabrication of microfluidic networks, which involves layer-by-layer deposition of fugitive ink filaments using a dispensing robot, filling the empty space between filaments using a low viscosity resin, curing the resin and finally removing the ink.&#160;Self-supported 3D structures with other geometries and many layers (e.g.&#160;a few hundreds layers) could be built using this method. The resulting tubular micro&#64258;uidic networks are then infiltrated with thermosetting nanocomposite suspensions containing nanofillers (e.g.&#160;single-walled carbon nanotubes), and subsequently cured. The infiltration is done by applying a pressure gradient between two ends of the empty network (either by applying a vacuum or vacuum-assisted microinjection). Prior to the infiltration, the nanocomposite suspensions are prepared by dispersing nanofillers into polymer matrices using ultrasonication and three-roll mixing methods. The nanocomposites (i.e.&#160;materials infiltrated) are then solidified under UV exposure/heat cure, resulting in a 3D-reinforced composite structure. The technique presented here enables the design of functional nanocomposite macroscopic products for microengineering applications such as actuators and sensors.

Three-dimensional (3D) microstructured composite beams are fabricated through the directed and localized infiltration of nanocomposites into 3D porous microfluidic networks. The flexibility of this manufacturing method enables the utilization of different thermosetting materials and nanofillers in order to achieve a variety of functional 3D reinforced nanocomposite macroscopic products.

미세 유체 침투를 통해 세 가지 차원 미세 구조 나노 복합 재료의 제조

Microstructured composite beams reinforced with complex three-dimensionally (3D) patterned nanocomposite microfilaments are fabricated via nanocomposite ...

화학

ECM Protein Nanofibers and Nanostructures Engineered Using Surface-initiated Assembly

The extracellular matrix (ECM) in tissues is synthesized and assembled by cells to form a 3D fibrillar, protein network with tightly regulated fiber diameter, composition and organization. In addition to providing structural support, the physical and chemical properties of the ECM play an important role in multiple cellular processes including adhesion, differentiation, and apoptosis. In vivo, the ECM is assembled by exposing cryptic self-assembly (fibrillogenesis) sites within proteins. This process varies for different proteins, but fibronectin (FN) fibrillogenesis is well-characterized and serves as a model system for cell-mediated ECM assembly. Specifically, cells use integrin receptors on the cell membrane to bind FN dimers and actomyosin-generated contractile forces to unfold and expose binding sites for assembly into insoluble fibers. This receptor-mediated process enables cells to assemble and organize the ECM from the cellular to tissue scales. Here, we present a method termed surface-initiated assembly (SIA), which recapitulates cell-mediated matrix assembly using protein-surface interactions to unfold ECM proteins and assemble them into insoluble fibers. First, ECM proteins are adsorbed onto a hydrophobic polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surface where they partially denature (unfold) and expose cryptic binding domains. The unfolded proteins are then transferred in well-defined micro- and nanopatterns through microcontact printing onto a thermally responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PIPAAm) surface. Thermally-triggered dissolution of the PIPAAm leads to final assembly and release of insoluble ECM protein nanofibers and nanostructures with well-defined geometries. Complex architectures are possible by engineering defined patterns on the PDMS stamps used for microcontact printing. In addition to FN, the SIA process can be used with laminin, fibrinogen and collagens type I and IV to create multi-component ECM nanostructures. Thus, SIA can be used to engineer ECM protein-based materials with precise control over the protein composition, fiber geometry and scaffold architecture in order to recapitulate the structure and composition of the ECM in vivo.

A method to obtain nanofibers and complex nanostructures from single or multiple extracellular matrix proteins is described. This method uses protein-surface interactions to create free-standing protein-based materials with tunable composition and architecture for use in a variety of tissue engineering and biotechnology applications.

ECM 단백질 나노 섬유 및 나노 구조 엔지니어링 사용하여 표면 시작 회의

The extracellular matrix (ECM) in tissues is synthesized and assembled by cells to form a 3D fibrillar, protein network with tightly regulated fiber ...

생체공학

Fabricating Reactive Surfaces with Brush-like and Crosslinked Films of Azlactone-Functionalized Block Co-Polymers

In this paper, fabrication methods that generate novel surfaces using the azlactone-based block co-polymer, poly (glycidyl methacrylate)-block-poly (vinyl dimethyl azlactone) (PGMA-b-PVDMA), are presented. Due to the high reactivity of azlactone groups towards amine, thiol, and hydroxyl groups, PGMA-b-PVDMA surfaces can be modified with secondary molecules to create chemically or biologically functionalized interfaces for a variety of applications. Previous reports of patterned PGMA-b-PVDMA interfaces have used traditional top-down patterning techniques that generate non-uniform films and poorly controlled background chemistries. Here, we describe customized patterning techniques that enable precise deposition of highly uniform PGMA-b-PVDMA films in backgrounds that are chemically inert or that have biomolecule-repellent properties. Importantly, these methods are designed to deposit PGMA-b-PVDMA films in a manner that completely preserves azlactone functionality through each processing step. Patterned films show well-controlled thicknesses that correspond to polymer brushes (~90 nm) or to highly crosslinked structures (~1-10 &#956;m). Brush patterns are generated using either the parylene lift-off or interface directed assembly methods described and are useful for precise modulation of overall chemical surface reactivity by adjusting either the PGMA-b-PVDMA pattern density or the length of the VDMA block. In contrast, the thick, crosslinked PGMA-b-PVDMA patterns are obtained using a customized micro-contact printing technique and offer the benefit of higher loading or capture of secondary material due to higher surface area to volume ratios. Detailed experimental steps, critical film characterizations, and trouble-shooting guides for each fabrication method are discussed.

Surface fabrication methods for patterned deposition of nanometer thick brushes or micron thick, crosslinked films of an azlactone block co-polymer are reported. Critical experimental steps, representative results, and limitations of each method are discussed. These methods are useful for creating functional interfaces with tailored physical features and tunable surface reactivity.

브러쉬 모양의 반응 표면 날조 및 Azlactone 기능성된 블록 공동 고분자의 가교 된 영화

In this paper, fabrication methods that generate novel surfaces using the azlactone-based block co-polymer, poly (glycidyl methacrylate)-block-poly (vinyl ...

Electrospun Nanofiber Scaffolds with Gradations in Fiber Organization

The goal of this protocol is to report a simple method for generating nanofiber scaffolds with gradations in fiber organization and test their possible applications in controlling cell morphology/orientation. Nanofiber organization is controlled with a new fabrication apparatus that enables the gradual decrease of fiber organization in a scaffold. Changing the alignment of fibers is achieved through decreasing deposition time of random electrospun fibers on a uniaxially aligned fiber mat. By covering the collector with a moving barrier/mask, along the same axis as fiber deposition, the organizational structure is easily controlled. For tissue engineering purposes, adipose-derived stem cells can be seeded to these scaffolds. Stem cells undergo morphological changes as a result of their position on the varied organizational structure, and can potentially differentiate into different cell types depending on their locations. Additionally, the graded organization of fibers enhances the biomimicry of nanofiber scaffolds so they more closely resemble the natural orientations of collagen nanofibers at tendon-to-bone insertion site compared to traditional scaffolds. Through nanoencapsulation, the gradated fibers also afford the possibility to construct chemical gradients in fiber scaffolds, and thereby further strengthen their potential applications in fast screening of cell-materials interaction and interfacial tissue regeneration. This technique enables the production of continuous gradient scaffolds, but it also can potentially produce fibers in discrete steps by controlling the movement of the moving barrier/mask in a discrete fashion.

Here, we present a protocol to fabricate electrospun nanofiber scaffolds with gradated organization of fibers and explore their applications in regulating cell morphology/orientation. Gradients with regard to physical and chemical properties of the nanofiber scaffolds offer a wide variety of applications in the biomedical field.

섬유 조직의 그라데이션으로 전기 방사 나노 섬유 공사장 공중 발판

The goal of this protocol is to report a simple method for generating nanofiber scaffolds with gradations in fiber organization and test their possible ...

Expanding Nanopatterned Substrates Using Stitch Technique for Nanotopographical Modulation of Cell Behavior

Substrate nanotopography has been shown to be a potent modulator of cell phenotype and function. To dissect nanotopography modulation of cell behavior, a large area of nanopatterned substrate is desirable so that enough cells can be cultured on the nanotopography for subsequent biochemical and molecular biology analyses. However, current nanofabrication techniques have limitations to generate highly defined nanopatterns over a large area. Herein, we present a method to expand nanopatterned substrates from a small, highly defined nanopattern to a large area using stitch technique. The method combines multiple techniques, involving soft lithography to replicate poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) molds from a well-defined mold, stitch technique to assemble multiple PDMS molds to a single large mold, and nanoimprinting to generate a master mold on polystyrene (PS) substrates. With the PS master mold, we produce PDMS working substrates and demonstrate nanotopographical modulation of cell spreading. This method provides a simple, affordable yet versatile avenue to generate well-defined nanopatterns over large areas, and is potentially extended to create micro-/nanoscale devices with hybrid components.

A protocol for producing a large area of nanopatterned substrate from small nanopatterned molds for study of nanotopographical modulation of cell behavior is presented.

셀 동작의 Nanotopographical 변조를위한 나노 패턴 기판 사용 스티치 기법을 확장

Substrate nanotopography has been shown to be a potent modulator of cell phenotype and function. To dissect nanotopography modulation of cell behavior, a ...

Fabrication of a Multiplexed Artificial Cellular MicroEnvironment Array

Cellular microenvironments consist of a variety of cues, such as growth factors, extracellular matrices, and intercellular interactions. These cues are well orchestrated and are crucial in regulating cell functions in a living system. Although a number of researchers have attempted to investigate the correlation between environmental factors and desired cellular functions, much remains unknown. This is largely due to the lack of a proper methodology to mimic such environmental cues in vitro, and simultaneously test different environmental cues on cells. Here, we report an integrated platform of microfluidic channels and a nanofiber array, followed by high-content single-cell analysis, to examine stem cell phenotypes altered by distinct environmental factors. To demonstrate the application of this platform, this study focuses on the phenotypes of self-renewing human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). Here, we present the preparation procedures for a nanofiber array and the microfluidic structure in the fabrication of a Multiplexed Artificial Cellular MicroEnvironment (MACME) array. Moreover, overall steps of the single-cell profiling, cell staining with multiple fluorescent markers, multiple fluorescence imaging, and statistical analyses, are described.

This article describes the detailed methodology to prepare a Multiplexed Artificial Cellular MicroEnvironment (MACME) array for high-throughput manipulation of physical and chemical cues mimicking in vivo cellular microenvironments and to identify the optimal cellular environment for human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) with single-cell profiling.

멀티플렉스 인공 세포 MicroEnvironment 배열의 제작

Cellular microenvironments consist of a variety of cues, such as growth factors, extracellular matrices, and intercellular interactions. These cues are ...

Fabrication of Gradient Nanopattern by Thermal Nanoimprinting Technique and Screening of the Response of Human Endothelial Colony-forming Cells

Nanotopography can be found in various extracellular matrices (ECMs) around the body and is known to have important regulatory actions upon cellular reactions. However, it is difficult to determine the relation between the size of a nanostructure and the responses of cells owing to the lack of proper screening tools. Here, we show the development of reproducible and cost-effective gradient nanopattern plates for the manipulation of cellular responses. Using anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) as a master mold, gradient nanopattern plates with nanopillars of increasing diameter ranges [120-200&#8239;nm (GP 120/200), 200-280&#8239;nm (GP 200/280), and 280-360&#8239;nm (GP 280/360)] were fabricated by a thermal imprinting technique. These gradient nanopattern plates were designed to mimic the various sizes of nanotopography in the ECM and were used to screen the responses of human endothelial colony-forming cells (hECFCs). In this protocol, we describe the step-by-step procedure of fabricating gradient nanopattern plates for cell engineering, techniques of cultivating hECFCs from human peripheral blood, and culturing hECFCs on nanopattern plates.

Here, we present a protocol for the fabrication of gradient nanopattern plates via thermal nanoimprinting and the method of screening responses of human endothelial progenitor cells to the nanostructures. By using the described technology, it is possible to produce a scaffold that can manipulate cell behavior by physical stimuli.

열 Nanoimprinting 기술과 인간의 내 피 식민지 형성 세포의 응답의 심사에 의해 그라데이션 Nanopattern의 제조

Nanotopography can be found in various extracellular matrices (ECMs) around the body and is known to have important regulatory actions upon cellular ...

Procedure for Fabricating Biofunctional Nanofibers

Electrospinning is an effective processing method for preparing nanofibers decorated with functional groups. Nanofibers decorated with functional groups may be utilized to study material-biomarker interactions i.e. act as biosensors with potential as single molecule detectors. We have developed an effective approach for preparing functional polymers where the functionality has the capacity of specifically binding with a model protein. In our model system, the functional group is 2,4-dinitrophenyl (DNP) and the protein is anti-DNP IgE (Immunoglobulin E). The functional polymer, &alpha;,&omega;-bi[2,4-dinitrophenyl caproic][poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(2-methoxystyrene)-b-poly(ethylene oxide)] (CDNP-PEO-P2MS-PEO-CDNP), is prepared by anionic living polymerization. The difunctional initiator utilized in the polymerization was prepared by electron transfer reaction of &alpha;-methylstyrene and potassium (mirror) metal. The 2-methoxystyrene monomer was added first to the initiator, followed by the addition of the second monomer, ethylene oxide, and finally the living polymer was terminated by methanol. The &alpha;,&omega;-dihydroxyl polymer [HO-PEO-P2MS-PEO-OH] was reacted with N-2,4-DNP-&isin;-amino caproic acid, by DCC coupling, resulting in the formation of &alpha;,&omega;-bi[2,4-dinitrophenylcaproic][poly(ethyleneoxide)-b-poly(2-methoxystyrene)-b-poly(ethylene oxide)] (CDNP-PEO-P2MS-PEO-CDNP). The polymers were characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR and Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC). The molecular weight distributions of the polymers were narrow (1.1-1.2) and polymers with molecular weights greater than 50,000 was used in this study. The polymers were yellow powders and soluble in tetrahydrofuran. A water soluble CDNP-PEO-P2MS-PEO-CDNP/ DMEG (dimethoxyethylene glycol) complex binds and achieves steady state binding with solution IgE within a few seconds. Higher molecular weight (water insoluble i.e. around 50,000) CDNP-PEO-P2MS-PEO-CDNP polymers, containing 1% single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) were processed into electroactive nanofibers (100 nm to 500 nm in diameter) on silicon substrate. Fluorescence spectroscopy shows that anti-DNP IgE interacts with the nanofibers by binding with the DNP functional groups decorating the fibers. These observations suggest that appropriately functionalized nanofibers hold promise for developing biomarker detection device.

An efficient approach for preparing nanofibers decorated with functional groups capable of specifically interacting with proteins is described. The approach first requires the preparation of a polymer functionalized with the appropriate functional group. The functional polymer is fabricated into nanofibers by electrospinning. The effectiveness of the binding of the nanofibers with a protein is studied by confocal microscopy.

Biofunctional Nanofibers를 제조 절차

Electrospinning is an effective processing method for preparing nanofibers decorated with functional groups. Nanofibers decorated with functional groups ...

생물학

식물에 대한 효율적인 생체 분자 및 염료 전달을 위한 탄소 나노섬유 어레이 사용

Using Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanofiber Arrays on Rigid or Flexible Substrates for Delivery of Biomolecules and Dyes to Plants

The delivery of biomolecules and impermeable dyes to intact plants is a major challenge. Nanomaterials are up-and-coming tools for the delivery of DNA to plants. As exciting as these new tools are, they have yet to be widely applied. Nanomaterials fabricated on rigid substrate (backing) are particularly difficult to successfully apply to curved plant structures. This study describes the process for microfabricating vertically aligned carbon nanofiber arrays and transferring them from a rigid to a flexible substrate. We detail and demonstrate how these fibers (on either rigid or flexible substrates) can be used for transient transformation or dye (e.g., fluorescein) delivery to plants. We show how VACNFs can be transferred from rigid silicon substrate to a flexible SU-8 epoxy substrate to form flexible VACNF arrays. To overcome the hydrophobic nature of SU-8, fibers in the flexible film were coated with a thin silicon oxide layer (2-3 nm). To use these fibers for delivery to curved plant organs, we deposit a 1 &#181;L droplet of dye or DNA solution on the fiber side of VACNF films, wait 10 min, place the films on the plant organ and employ a swab with a rolling motion to drive fibers into plant cells. With this method, we have achieved dye and DNA delivery in plant organs with curved surfaces.

저자 스포트라이트: 탄소 나노섬유 어레이를 통한 혁신을 통한 플랜트 변화 실현 

Here we describe methods for microfabricating vertically aligned carbon nanofibers (VACNFs), transferring VACNFs to flexible substrates, and applying VACNFs on both rigid and flexible substrates to plants for biomolecule and dye delivery.

생체분자 및 염료를 식물에 전달하기 위해 단단하거나 유연한 기판에 수직으로 정렬된 탄소 나노섬유 어레이 사용

The delivery of biomolecules and impermeable dyes to intact plants is a major challenge. Nanomaterials are up-and-coming tools for the delivery of DNA to ...