A Randomized, Sham-Controlled Trial of Cranial Electrical Stimulation for Fibromyalgia Pain and Physical Function, Using Brain Imaging Biomarkers

We are trying to address two main issues with regards to pain research. The first is the need for non-invasive, non-pharmacologic therapies that can be effectively administered to individuals suffering from chronic pain. The second is the development of reliable biomarkers, such as the neuroimaging that we're using for the purposes of assessing both fibromyalgia pain and treatment response.

The development and access of multiple open source neuro software packages allows for the streamlined use of neuroimaging data analysis. Many of these tools such as fMRIPrep allow researchers who are not familiar with the neuroimaging practices to complete critical pre-processing steps. To maintain blinding, we're unable to titrate for effect using the device as we would in a clinical setting.

The stimulation is typically below the perceptual threshold, but we may be underdosing individuals in our study's treatment group, which causes a smaller effect size and difference between the groups. Cranial electrical stimulation is non-invasive. It's low risk, and it's accessible enough to be self-administered by participants in their own home settings.

We can also extract usage rates from each of the research devices to properly evaluate compliance with the treatment. And resting state functional connectivity MRI allows us to assess changes in the brain that may occur as a result of our treatment. We anticipate that our research will further guide biomarker development using neuroimaging as a tool.

This contributes to a better understanding of the neural basis of pain, and our hope is that these techniques will eventually be used to guide clinical diagnosis and decision making for individuals suffering from pain.