The pleura is a thin membrane surrounding the lungs and lining the chest cavity, with a fluid-filled pleural cavity in between for lung protection and ...

Pleural effusion is an abnormal fluid accumulation in the pleural cavity, a narrow space between the lungs and the chest wall. It is not a disease per se ...

Clinical manifestations of pleural effusion secondary to pneumonia include pleuritic chest pain and dyspnea, while the underlying pneumonia can present ...

Flail chest is a traumatic condition that occurs when three or more adjacent ribs fracture in multiple places, causing a section of the chest wall to move ...

Management of a flail chest includes assessing the injury in which healthcare providers collect a detailed history of the traumatic event, including the ...

A pneumothorax is an abnormal accumulation of air in the pleural space between the chest wall and the lungs. This can lead to a loss of the normal ...

The clinical symptoms of patients with a simple pneumothorax often experience sudden, sharp chest pain on the affected side that worsens with breathing or ...