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In This Article

  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Introduction
  • Protocol
  • Representative Results
  • Discussion
  • Acknowledgements
  • Materials
  • References
  • Reprints and Permissions

Summary

The protocol shows building a simple and cost-effective rat weight-bearing training model for steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head using elastic therapeutic tape.

Abstract

Unlike humans, rats are animals that walk on all fours, while humans are bipedal animals that stand, and the hips are subjected to tremendous pressure when walking and standing. In rat steroid-induced femoral head necrosis models, the biomechanical characteristics of the human hip under higher pressure often need to be simulated. Some scholars try to emulate the state of human hip pressure by making rats bear a certain weight, but fixing the weight-bearing object on the rat is tough. Rats can easily break free of immobilization, and sticking the weight on the rats with adhesive tape will cause the rats to suffocate or die from intestinal obstruction. Our research group used elastic therapeutic tape to perform tension-free immobilization of weight-bearing objects in rats so that the rats could breathe freely and not break away from the immobilization under weight-bearing conditions. Compared to the usual steroid-induced femoral head necrosis rat model, we found that this weight-bearing intervention can aggravate the progression of femoral head necrosis in rats.

Introduction

The administration of glucocorticoids is the most common risk factor for non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH)1. Numerous pieces of evidence suggest that, in addition to glucocorticoids, the pressure load on the hip joint in patients is also associated with the occurrence of ONFH. Factors such as body weight and physical labor intensity are recognized as risk factors for ONFH2. Multiple clinical studies have demonstrated a close relationship between hip joint loading conditions and the timing and incidence of joint replacement3,4,

Protocol

The protocol adheres to the ethical guidelines set by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) at Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Protocol number BUCM-4-2022062001-2109. The protocol uses Sprague Dawley (SD) rats (SCXK(Jing)2019-0008), aged 8-10 weeks and weighing 200 g-250 g.

1. Adaptation training

  1. Albino rats generally have a visual range of less than 60 cm15. During the modeling process, place the rats in opaque cag.......

Representative Results

Histopathology analysis
Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed that in the Control group and Control+Load group, bone trabeculae were intact and arranged regularly. Blood vessel endothelial cells were present in bone dimples, and the cell morphology appeared plump. In contrast, the Model group and Model+Load group exhibited fractured and disordered bone trabeculae, along with a significantly higher number of empty lacunae. The Model+Load group had more empty lacunae compared to the Model group. In.......

Discussion

Currently, various animals, such as rabbits25, rats26, mice27, pigs28, broilers29, ostriches8, and emus30 can be used to establish models of femoral head necrosis. Among them, rats, mice, and rabbits are the most commonly used species. The rat, as a model for femoral head necrosis, offers numerous advantages. Rats are easy to feed and breed, grow rapidly, .......

Acknowledgements

This research is an independent study and did not receive any funding.

....

Materials

NameCompanyCatalog NumberComments
15ml centrifuge tubeCorning,USA430791
5mm stainless steel beadGelisen,China5mm
Acetic acidMerck KGaA, Germany64-19-7
Anhydrous alcoholMerck KGaA, Germany64-17-5
clayMincai stationery,China102
CoverslipServicebio,ChinaWMWD-1818
Flat pressure bottle 10mlBEHNCKE,ChinaMD10ml
Formic acidMacklin Biochemical ,China64-18-6
HE staining kitSolarbio,ChinaG1120
HistoCore AUTOCUTLeica, Germany149AUTO00C1
Kinesio tape (elastic therapeutic tape)Fuluo medicine,ChinaCL1819
LipopolysaccharideSolarbio,ChinaL8880
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS)Selleck,USAS7850 
Manual carbon dioxide euthanasia boxYuyan,ChinaLC-500-S1
Methylprednisolone sodium succinate,MPSAbMole,ChinaM25573
MicroCT Hiscan,China Hiscan VM Pro
Neutral resinBeijing Zhongshan Golden Bridge Biotechnology l ,ChinaZLI-9555
ParaffinServicebio,ChinaWGHB-319213129
ParaformaldehydeServicebio,ChinaG1101-500ML
Potassium chlorideMacklin Biochemical ,China 7447-40-7
SlideServicebio,ChinaWG6012
Treadmill for Rats and  miceLitc Life Science,USA801
XyleneMacklin Biochemical ,China 1330-20-7

References

  1. Konarski, W., et al. Avascular necrosis of femoral head-overview and current state of the art. Inl J Environ Res Public Health. 19 (12), 7348 (2022).
  2. Tan, B., et al. Epidemiological study based on Chi....

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Weight bearing ModelSteroid induced OsteonecrosisFemoral HeadRatsBiomechanical CharacteristicsPressure SimulationImmobilizationElastic Therapeutic TapeTension free ImmobilizationProgression Of Necrosis

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