NIH 1P01HL089407-01A1 (Lawrence, PI), Hayvan Core A, NIH 1 K01 HL080962-01A2 (Myers, PI) tarafından desteklenir.

1. Fare Anestezi Prosedürleri <ol><li> Hayvanlar kendi kafes çıkarılır ve% 2 izofluran ve dakikada 0,5 litre (buharlaştırıcı kontrollü) akış hızında% 100 oksijen gazı indüksiyonu için ameliyat öncesi anestezi indüksiyon odasına yerleştirilir. </li><li> Fare, anestezi indüksiyon odasında sedasyon odasına çıkarıldı ve ventral karın, bir saç tüy dökücü (1 dak) kullanılması durumunda elektrik kesme makineleri ile traş, ya da odanın içinde korunur. </li><li> Hala sedasyon altında, tartılır, sonra izofluran ve oksijen kullanarak bir burun konisi genel anestezi altında bir sıcak su sirkülasyon ısıtma cihazı dorsal recumbancy yerleştirilen steril oftalmik merhem ve gözleri ile yağlanır. Bu noktada, dakikada 0.2 litre oksijen oranı azalır. </li><li> Karın klorheksidin solüsyonu ile püskürtülür (klorheksidin diasetat hızla bacterialcidal ve kalıcı) ve steril gazlı bez ile üç kez sildi ya da cerrahi bölge temiz olana kadar. </li></ol> 2. Fare Mikro-cerrahi ve Kurtarma Prosedürleri <ol><li> Ventral orta hat kesi (2 cm), deri ve karın duvarı ile karın açığa iris makası ile yapılır. Gazlı bez steril salin batırılmış 2x2 hayvanın sol tarafında bağırsaklarda yansıtmak için kullanılır. Bir fare süzgeç görselleştirme izin inferior vena kava (IVC) yerine konur. </li><li> Bu noktada, izofluran% 2 oranında bir bakım seviyesi azalır ve oksijen oranı, cerrahi işlemin geri kalanı için, dakikada 0.2 litre kalır. </li><li> Künt diseksiyon steril bir aplikatör çubukla ve ekstra hassas iris yarım kavisli doku forseps kullanarak kolaylaştırılır. Bakım son derece kırılgan olduğu için fare dokuları ele alınmalıdır. </li><li> Bütün böbrek damarları iliak bifurkasyon IVC yan dalları, non-reaktif 7-0 prolen sütür ile bağlandı. Geri dalları patent kaldı. </li><li> Gümüş kaplı bakır tel (KY-30-1-GRN, Electrospec, Dover, NJ) bağlı elektrolitik IVC modeli (EIM), paslanmaz çelik bir 25G iğne, maruz kaudal IVC, (Şekil 1) eklenir ve ön duvar (anot) karşı konumlandırılmış. </li><li> Başka bir tel devresi (katot) subkutan tamamladıktan yerleştirilir. </li><li> 15 dakika içinde 250 μAmps güncel bir Çim S48 kare dalga stimülatörü ve sabit bir akım birimi (Çim Teknolojileri, bir Astro-Med, Inc, West Warwick, RI) kullanılarak uygulanmıştır. Trombojenik bir çevre ve daha sonraki trombüs oluşumu teşvik IVC endotel yüzey aşındırmaya elektroliz toksik ürünlerin oluşumunda doğrudan güncel sonuçlar. </li><li> 15 dakika sonra, iğne çıkarılır ve kanamayı önlemek için alana sahip bir pamuklu çubukla hafifçe temas halinde tutulur </li><li> Sahte hayvanlarda, iğne akım uygulaması olmadan, IVC içine yerleştirilir ve sonra kaldırılır. </li><li> Iki katmanlı bir moda laparotomi sitesi kapalı. Laboratuvarımız sürekli bir desen 5-0 Vicryl, sentetik dikiş, karın duvarı kapatmak için kullanır. Yapışkan deri tutkal cilt kapatmak için kullanılır. Çıkarılması için herhangi bir dış sütür vardır. </li><li> Fare sonra yakın bir ısıtma lambası altında (24 inç uzakta kafes dk mesafe) (2 saat 45 dakika) ameliyat sonrası gözlenen bireysel bir fare kafes kurtarıldı, daha sonra kendi orijinal konut döndü. Bu çalışmanın amacı engel değilse, ağrı kesici ilaçlar ve anti-inflamatuar ajanlar kullanılabilir. Bilimsel ağrı kesici ilaçlar alıkoyma gerekçesi, veteriner ve ICUCA onayına ihtiyaç vardır. Laboratuvarımız Buprenorfin ,0.05-0 0,1 mg / kg SQ fareler için mükemmel bir pre-ve post-operatif ağrı kesici olduğunu tespit etmiştir. Lidokain az 4mg/kg (0.4 ml / kg% 1 solüsyon) ek olarak, sistemik analjezikler deneysel sonuçlar karıştırıcı kesi yeri aşılanan. </li><li> Biz genellikle post-operatif derin ven trombozuna bağlı olumsuz etkileri tecrübe etmezler. Bununla birlikte, post-operatif olumsuz etkileri spontan anestezik ölüm, cerrahi kan kaybı, ve sinir travma nedeniyle kısmi parezi içerebilir. Kurtarmak için yavaş beslenen hayvanların nutria jel veya nemli chow hayvanın kurtarma kolaylaştırmak için kafesin zeminine yerleştirilen olabilir. Sever post-operatif komplikasyonlar ile hayvanların insanca ötenazi olmalı. </li><li> Belirlenen süre noktada, ötenazi Ötenazi kemirgenler için Amerikan Veteriner Tıp Derneği Kuralları tarafından belirlenen öneriler doğrultusunda insanca yapılır. </li></ol> 3. Temsilcisi Sonuçlar EIM, sürekli kan akımı varlığı trombüs oluşturan bir model. Aşağıdaki rakamlar bu romanı modeli araştırılmıştır parametreler gösteriyor. <img src="/files/ftp_upload/2737/2737fig1.jpg" alt="Şekil 1" /> 25G paslanmaz çelik Şekil 1 definesthe anatomik alaniğne, gümüş kaplı bakır tel (KY-30-1-GRN, Electrospec, Dover, NJ) eklenir. Bir lenf düğümü neredeyse mevcut ve kaudal IVC bulmak için bir dönüm noktası olarak yardımcı olur unutmayın. <img src="/files/ftp_upload/2737/2737fig2.jpg" alt="Şekil 2" /> Şekil 2: 2 gün, farklı türlerin EIM sonra Trombüs ağırlık . Beklendiği gibi, trombüs ağırlık PAI-1 KO farelerde daha düşük ve hiperkoagülabilitesi Delta CT farelerde (^ BT) daha büyük oldu. <img src="/files/ftp_upload/2737/2737fig3.jpg" alt="Şekil 3" /> Şekil 3: Çözünebilir P-selektin, derin ven trombozu için yapıcı, farklı türlerin ölçüldü. , En yüksek düzeyde hiperkoagülabilitesi delta BT farelerde bulundu iken, en düşük seviyelere PAI-1 KO farelerde bulundu. <img src="/files/ftp_upload/2737/2737fig4.jpg" alt="Şekil 4" /> Şekil trombüs ağırlığı ve P-selektin farklı suşları bulunmuştur arasında 4 Korelasyon. Not, kısa trombüs boyutu oluşturulan grup, tespit edilen P-selektin çözünür (PAI-1 KO farelerin) en düşük oldu. Trombüs büyük boyutu oluşturulan grup, tespit edilen P-selektin çözünür (hiperkoagülabilitesi delta BT) en yüksek olduğu. <img src="/files/ftp_upload/2737/2737fig5.jpg" alt="Şekil 5" /> Şekil 5: kan akımının varlığını göstermek için, ultrason EIM geçiren farelerde yapıldı. Şekil 5, bir fare EIM 2 gün sonra yapılan ultrason gösterir. Sonra numune hasat edildi. Trombüs şekli akışının huzurunda trombüs oluşumu öneririz Not

<ol>
	<li>Diaz, J. A., Hawley, A. E., Alvarado, C. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Thrombogenesis+with+continuous+blood+flow+in+the+inferior+vena+cava.+A+novel+mouse+model.">Thrombogenesis with continuous blood flow in the inferior vena cava. A novel mouse model.</a> Thromb Haemost. 104, 366-375 (2010).</li><li>Eitzman, D. T., Westrick, R. J., Nabel, E. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Plasminogen+activator+inhibitor-1+and+vitronectin+promote+vascular+thrombosis+in+mice.">Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and vitronectin promote vascular thrombosis in mice.</a> Blood. 95, 577-580 (2000).</li><li>Myers, D., Farris, D., Hawley, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Selectins+influence+thrombosis+in+a+mouse+model+of+experimental+deep+venous+thrombosis.">Selectins influence thrombosis in a mouse model of experimental deep venous thrombosis.</a> J Surg Res. 108, 212-221 (2002).</li><li>Myers, D. D., Hawley, A. E., Farris, D. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=P-selectin+and+leukocyte+microparticles+are+associated+with+venous+thrombogenesis.">P-selectin and leukocyte microparticles are associated with venous thrombogenesis.</a> J Vasc Surg. 38, 1075-1089 (2003).</li><li>Pierangeli, S. S., Barker, J. H., Stikovac, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effect+of+human+IgG+antiphospholipid+antibodies+on+an+in+vivo+thrombosis+model+in+mice.">Effect of human IgG antiphospholipid antibodies on an in vivo thrombosis model in mice.</a> Thromb Haemost. 71, 670-674 (1994).</li><li>Pierangeli, S. S., Liu, X. W., Barker, J. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Induction+of+thrombosis+in+a+mouse+model+by+IgG,+IgM+and+IgA+immunoglobulins+from+patients+with+the+antiphospholipid+syndrome.">Induction of thrombosis in a mouse model by IgG, IgM and IgA immunoglobulins from patients with the antiphospholipid syndrome.</a> Thromb Haemost. 74, 1361-1367 (1995).</li></ol>

Fare in vivo deneyler için mükemmel bir araştırma aracı. Böylece, hastalıklar veya patolojik durumları yakından taklit fare modellerinin geliştirilmesi gereklidir. Fotokimyasal (2), staz (3-4) ve mekanik travma (5-6): Çeşitli ven trombozu fare modelleri dahil olmak üzere DVT incelemek için kullanılır olmuştur. Ancak bu modellerin hiçbiri, sürekli kan akımı varlığı trombüs oluşturmak için bir iç endotel uyaran kullanın. EIM, IVC içinde elektrolitik uyaran kullanarak, kan akımının varlığı endotel aktivasyonu (1) venöz thrombogenesis teşvik etmektedir. Bu teknik olarak basit, kolay tekrarlanabilir ve yüksek hayatta kalma oranı (% 99) sahiptir. Elektroliz bir elektrik akımı oluşturmak için kullanılan olduğu gerçeğine rağmen, ısı oluşturulan değildir (1). EIM model klinik DVT yakından taklit ve bu nedenle, trombüs oluşumu ve çözünürlük içsel mekanizmaları çalışmak için değerli bir araç olarak hizmet vermektedir. EIM modeli tromboz hastalığa karşı yeni tedavi yaklaşımları gelişimi için de faydalıdır.

<table border="1"><tbody><tr><th> Reaktifin Adı </th><th> Şirket </th><th> Katalog numarası </th><th> Yorumlar (isteğe bağlı) </th></tr><tr><td> DMEM </td><td> Invitrogen </td><td> ABCD1234 </td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

electrolytic inferior vena cava model (eim) of venous thrombosis

Hayvan modelleri, trombüs oluşumu, trombüs çözünürlük çalışma ve potansiyel terapötik bileşiklerin (1) test etmek için, derin ven trombozu (DVT) araştırma hayati bir rol hizmet. DVT tedavisi ve önlenmesinde kullanılmak üzere yeni bileşikler şu anda geliştirilmektedir. Etkilenen bir tromboze ven potansiyel terapötik antagonisti bileşiklerin teslim sorunlu olmuştur. Tedavi uygulamaları kapsamında, son zamanlarda kısmi staz kullanır ve sürekli olarak büyük bir damar içinde trombüs oluşturduğu bir model kurulmuştur. Elektrolitik İnferior vena kava Modeli (EIM) sürekli kan akımı varlığı trombüs oluşumuna izin DVT fare modeli. Bu model, dinamik bir moda trombüs ile temas halinde olduğu için tedavi ajanları sağlar ve DVT (1) diğer modellere göre daha duyarlıdır. Buna ek olarak, bu trombozun modeli yakından trombüs oluşumu klinik durumlar simüle ve venöz endotel hücre aktivasyonu, lökosit göçü, venöz thrombogenesis, çalışma ve tedavi uygulamaları (1) test etmek için idealdir. EIM modeli, teknik olarak basit, kolay tekrarlanabilir, tutarlı trombüs boyutları oluşturur ve analitik amaçlar için gerekli olan (yani trombüs ve damar duvarı) için büyük bir örnek sağlar.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Electrolytic Inferior Vena Cava Model EIM of Venous Thrombosis at JoVE.com

Electrolytic Inferior Vena Cava Model EIM of Venous Thrombosis

Venöz endotel aktivasyonu ve kısmi kan staz, Virchow triadı iki bileşeni nedeniyle tipi trombüs oluşumu inferior vena kava sonuçlarının iç yüzeyi endotel aktivasyon elektrolitik indüksiyon.

Ven Trombozu Elektrolitik inferior vena kava Modeli (EIM)

Animal models serve a vital role in deep venous thrombosis (DVT) research in order to study thrombus formation, thrombus resolution and to test potential ...

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Medicine

Electrolytic Inferior Vena Cava Model (EIM) of Venous Thrombosis

17.0K Görüntüleme.  University of Michigan. Venöz endotel aktivasyonu ve kısmi kan staz, Virchow triadı iki bileşeni nedeniyle tipi trombüs oluşumu inferior vena kava sonuçlarının iç yüzeyi endotel aktivasyon elektrolitik indüksiyon.

Video: Electrolytic Inferior Vena Cava Model EIM of Venous Thrombosis

Mouse Complete Stasis Model of Inferior Vena Cava Thrombosis

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) includes both deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). In the United States (U.S.), the high morbidity and mortality rates make VTE a serious health concern 1-2. After heart disease and stroke, VTE is the third most common vascular disease 3. In the U.S. alone, there is an estimated 900,000 people affected each year, with 300,000 deaths occurring annually 3. A reliable in vivo animal model to study the mechanisms of this disease is necessary.
The advantages of using the mouse complete stasis model of inferior vena cava thrombosis are several. The mouse model allows for the administration of very small volumes of limited availability test agents, reducing costs dramatically. Most promising is the potential for mice with gene knockouts that allow specific inflammatory and coagulation factor functions to be delineated. Current molecular assays allow for the quantitation of vein wall, thrombus, whole blood, and plasma for assays. However, a major concern involving this model is the operative size constraints and the friability of the vessels. Also, due to the small IVC sample weight (mean 0.005 grams) it is necessary to increase animal numbers for accurate statistical analysis for tissue, thrombus, and blood assays such as real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), western blot, enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA), zymography, vein wall and thrombus cellular analysis, and whole blood and plasma assays 4-8.
The major disadvantage with the stasis model is that the lack of blood flow inhibits the maximal effect of administered systemic therapeutic agents on the thrombus and vein wall.

The mouse complete stasis model of inferior vena cava thrombosis yields quantifiable amounts of vein wall tissue and thrombus. It has proven useful for evaluating interactions between the vein wall and the occlusive thrombus and in assessing the progression from acute to chronic inflammation.

İnferior Vena Kava Trombozu Fare Komple Durağanlık Model

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) includes both deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE).  In the United States (U.S.), the high morbidity and ...

Tıp

Implantation of Inferior Vena Cava Interposition Graft in Mouse Model

Biodegradable scaffolds seeded with bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMCs) are often used for reconstructive surgery to treat congenital cardiac anomalies. The long-term clinical results showed excellent patency rates, however, with significant incidence of stenosis. To investigate the cellular and molecular mechanisms of vascular neotissue formation and prevent stenosis development in tissue engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs), we developed a mouse model of the graft with approximately 1 mm internal diameter. First, the TEVGs were assembled from biodegradable tubular scaffolds fabricated from a polyglycolic acid nonwoven felt mesh coated with &#949;-caprolactone and L-lactide copolymer. The scaffolds were then placed in a lyophilizer, vacuumed for 24 hr, and stored in a desiccator until cell seeding. Second, bone marrow was collected from donor mice and mononuclear cells were isolated by density gradient centrifugation. Third, approximately one million cells were seeded on a scaffold and incubated O/N. Finally, the seeded scaffolds were then implanted as infrarenal vena cava interposition grafts in C57BL/6 mice. The implanted grafts demonstrated excellent patency (&#62;90%) without evidence of thromboembolic complications or aneurysmal formation. This murine model will aid us in understanding and quantifying the cellular and molecular mechanisms of neotissue formation in the TEVG.

To improve our knowledge of cellular and molecular neotissue formation, a murine model of the TEVG was recently developed. The grafts were implanted as infrarenal vena cava interposition grafts in C57BL/6 mice. This model achieves similar results to those achieved in our clinical investigation, but over a far shortened time-course.

Fare Modeli Inferior Vena Cava İnterpozisyon Greft İmplantasyonu

Biodegradable scaffolds seeded with bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMCs) are often used for reconstructive surgery to treat congenital cardiac anomalies. ...

Orthotopic Injection of Breast Cancer Cells into the Mammary Fat Pad of Mice to Study Tumor Growth.

Breast cancer growth can be studied in mice using a plethora of models. Genetic manipulation of breast cancer cells may provide insights into the functions of proteins involved in oncogenic progression or help to discover new tumor suppressors. In addition, injecting cancer cells into mice with different genotypes might provide a better understanding of the importance of the stromal compartment. Many models may be useful to investigate certain aspects of disease progression but do not recapitulate the entire cancerous process. In contrast, breast cancer cells engraftment to the mammary fat pad of mice better recapitulates the location of the disease and presence of the proper stromal compartment and therefore better mimics human cancerous disease. In this article, we describe how to implant breast cancer cells into mice orthotopically and explain how to collect tissues to analyse the tumor milieu and metastasis to distant organs. Using this model, many aspects (growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis) of cancer can be investigated simply by providing a proper environment for tumor cells to grow.

Cancer is a complex disease that is influenced by the tissue surrounding the tumor as well as local pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators. Therefore, orthotropic injection models, rather than subcutaneous models may be useful to study cancer progression in a manner that better mimics human pathology.

Farelerin Meme Fat Pad içine Meme Kanseri Hücreleri Ortotopik Enjeksiyon Tümör Büyüme Eğitim için.

Breast cancer growth can be studied in mice using a plethora of models. Genetic manipulation of breast cancer cells may provide insights into the ...

Patch Angioplasty in the Rat Aorta or Inferior Vena Cava

Pericardial patches are commonly used in vascular surgery to close vessels. To facilitate studies of the neointimal hyperplasia that forms on the patch, we developed a rat model of patch angioplasty that can be used in either a vein or an artery, creating a patch venoplasty or a patch arterioplasty, respectively. Technical aspects of this model are discussed. The infra-renal IVC or aorta are dissected and then clamped proximally and distally. A 3 mm venotomy or arteriotomy is performed in the infrarenal inferior vena cava or aorta of 6 to 8 week-old Wistar rats. A bovine pericardial patch (3 mm x 1.5 mm x 0.6 mm) is then used to close the site using a 10-0 nylon suture. Compared to arterial patches, venous patches show increased neointimal thickness on postoperative day 7. This novel model of pericardial patch angioplasty can be used to examine neointimal hyperplasia on vascular biomaterials, as well as to compare the differences between the arterial and venous environments.

We have established a model of pericardial patch angioplasty that can be used in either small-diameter veins or arteries. This model can be used to compare venous and arterial neointimal hyperplasia formation.

Sıçan Aort veya İnferior Vena Cava de Anjiyoplasti Patch

Pericardial patches are commonly used in vascular surgery to close vessels. To facilitate studies of the neointimal hyperplasia that forms on the patch, ...

A Rat Model of Orthotopic Liver Transplantation Using a Novel Magnetic Anastomosis Technique for Suprahepatic Vena Cava Reconstruction

The rat model of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is essential for transplant research. It is a very sophisticated animal model and requires a steep learning curve. The introduction of the cuff technique for anastomosis of the portal vein (PV) and infrahepatic vena cava (IHVC) has significantly simplified the transplant procedure in rats. However, due to the short anterior wall of the recipients' suprahepatic vena cava (SHVC), the cuff technique is very difficult to use for the reconstruction of the SHVC. Most researchers in this field still use the hand-suture technique for SHVC reconstruction, which makes it the bottleneck step in rat orthotopic liver transplantation. The magnetic anastomosis technique (i.e., magnamosis) is a method of connecting two vessels using the attractive force between two magnets. Our recent study has shown that the magnetic anastomosis technique is superior to the hand-suture technique for SHVC reconstruction in rats. In this article, we show a step-by-step protocol for SHVC reconstruction in rats using the novel magnetic anastomosis technique. In this model, the reconstruction of the PV and IHVC was performed by the standard cuff technique, while the reconstruction of the bile duct (BD) was performed by a stent technique. The hepatic re-arterialization was not performed. The magnetic anastomosis technique made SHVC reconstruction much easier and significantly shortened the anphepatic phase. After a reasonable learning curve, even researchers without advanced microsurgical skills can produce reliable and reproducible results using this rat model of OLT.

The reconstruction of the suprahepatic vena cava (SHVC) remains a difficult step in rat orthotopic liver transplantation. In this article, we show a step-by-step protocol for SHVC reconstruction in rats using a novel magnetic anastomosis technique.

Orthotopic fare modeli bir roman manyetik anastomoz teknik Suprahepatic Vena kava imar için kullanılarak karaciğer nakli

The rat model of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is essential for transplant research. It is a very sophisticated animal model and requires a steep ...

Ferric Chloride-induced Canine Carotid Artery Thrombosis: A Large Animal Model of Vascular Injury

Occlusive arterial thrombosis leading to cerebral ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction contributes to ~13 million deaths every year globally. Here, we have translated a vascular injury model from a small animal into a large animal (canine), with slight modifications that can be used for pre-clinical screening of prophylactic and thrombolytic agents. In addition to the surgical methods, the modified protocol describes the step-by-step methods to assess carotid artery canalization by angiography, detailed instructions to process both the brain and carotid artery for histological analysis to verify carotid canalization and cerebral hemorrhage, and specific parameters to complete an assessment of downstream thromboembolic events by utilizing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In addition, specific procedural changes from the previously well-established small animal model necessary to translate into a large animal (canine) vascular injury are discussed.

Here, we present the modifications necessary to a well characterized and commonly used small animal ferric chloride-induced (FeCl3) carotid artery injury model for use in a large animal vascular injury model. The resulting model can be utilized for pre-clinical trial assessment of both prophylactic and thrombolytic pharmacological and mechanical interventions.

Ferrik klorid kaynaklı köpek karotid arter trombozu: Bir büyük hayvan modeli vasküler yaralanma

Occlusive arterial thrombosis leading to cerebral ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction contributes to ~13 million deaths every year globally. Here, ...

Isometric Contractility Measurement of the Mouse Mesenteric Artery Using Wire Myography

The wire myograph technique is used to assess the contractility of vascular smooth muscles in response to depolarization, GPCR agonists/inhibitors and drugs. It is widely used in many studies on the physiological functions of vascular smooth muscle, the pathogenesis of vascular diseases such as hypertension, and the development of smooth muscle relaxant drugs. The mouse is a widely used model animal with a large pool of disease models and genetically modified strains. We introduced this method to measure the isometric contraction of mouse mesenteric artery in detail. A 1.4-mm segment of mouse mesenteric resistance artery was isolated and mounted on a myograph chamber by passing two steel wires through its lumen. After equilibration and normalization steps, the vessel segment was potentiated by a high-K+ solution twice prior to the contraction assay. As an example of the application of this method in drug development, we measured the relaxant effect of a novel natural substance, neoliensinine, isolated from a Chinese herb, embryos of the lotus seed (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) on mouse mesenteric arteries. The vessel segments mounted on the myograph chamber were stimulated with a high-K+ solution. When the force tension reached a stable sustained phase, cumulative doses of neoliensinine were added to the chamber. We found that neoliensinine had a dose-dependent relaxant effect on smooth muscle contraction, thus suggesting that it bears potential activity against hypertension. In addition, as the vessel segment can survive at least 4 hours after mounting and maintain contractility induced by the high-K+ solution for many times, we suggest that the wire myograph system may be used for the time-consuming process of drug screening.

The wire myograph technique is used to investigate vascular smooth muscle functions and screen new drugs. We report a detailed protocol for measuring the isometric contractility of the mouse mesenteric artery and for screening new relaxants of vascular smooth muscle.

İzometrik Contractility ölçüm tel Myography kullanarak fare mezenterik arter

The wire myograph technique is used to assess the contractility of vascular smooth muscles in response to depolarization, GPCR agonists/inhibitors and ...

Image Acquisition Method for the Sonographic Assessment of the Inferior Vena Cava

Over the past several decades, clinicians have incorporated several applications of diagnostic point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) into medical decision-making. Among the applications of POCUS, imaging the inferior vena cava (IVC) is practiced by a wide variety of specialties, such as nephrology, emergency medicine, internal medicine, critical care, anesthesiology, pulmonology, and cardiology. Although each specialty uses IVC data in slightly different ways, most medical specialties, at minimum, attempt to use IVC data to make predictions about intravascular volume status. While the relationship between IVC sonographic data and intravascular volume status is complex and highly context-dependent, all clinicians should collect the sonographic data in standardized ways to ensure repeatability. This paper describes standardized IVC image acquisition including patient positioning, transducer selection, probe placement, image optimization, and the pitfalls and limitations of IVC sonographic imaging.&#160;This paper also describes the commonly performed anterior IVC long-axis view and three other views of the IVC that can each provide helpful diagnostic information when the anterior long-axis view is difficult to obtain or interpret.

Point-of-care ultrasound evaluation of the inferior vena cava (IVC) is commonly utilized to identify, among other things, the volume status. Imaging should be performed systematically to ensure repeatability. This manuscript reviews the methods and pitfalls of sonographic IVC examination.

İnferior Vena Kava'nın Sonografik Değerlendirilmesi için Görüntü Elde Etme Yöntemi

Over the past several decades, clinicians have incorporated several applications of diagnostic point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) into medical ...

Point-Of-Care Ultrasound Screening for Proximal Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis

Acute lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a serious vascular disorder that requires accurate and early diagnosis to prevent life-threatening sequelae. While whole leg compression ultrasound with color and spectral Doppler is commonly performed in radiology and vascular labs, point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is becoming more common in the acute care setting. Providers appropriately trained in focused POCUS can perform a rapid bedside examination with high sensitivity and specificity in critically ill patients. This paper describes a simplified yet validated approach to POCUS by describing a three-zone protocol for lower extremity DVT POCUS image acquisition. The protocol explains the steps in obtaining vascular images at six compression points in the lower extremity. Beginning at the level of the proximal thigh and moving distally to the popliteal space, the protocol guides the user through each of the compression points in a stepwise manner: from the common femoral vein to the femoral and deep femoral vein bifurcation, and, finally, to the popliteal vein. Further, a visual aid is provided that may assist providers during real-time image acquisition. The goal in presenting this protocol is to help make proximal lower extremity DVT exams more accessible and efficient for POCUS users at the patient&#39;s bedside.

Traditionally, lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is diagnosed by radiology-performed venous duplex ultrasound. Providers appropriately trained in focused point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) can perform a rapid bedside examination with high sensitivity and specificity in critically ill patients. We describe the scanning technique for focused POCUS DVT lower extremity examination.

Proksimal Alt Ekstremite Derin Venöz Tromboz için Bakım Noktası Ultrason Taraması

Acute lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a serious vascular disorder that requires accurate and early diagnosis to prevent life-threatening ...

Fare Karaciğer Transplantasyonunda Etkili Vasküler Anastomoz Stratejileri

Vascular Reconstruction with the Cuff Technique in Mouse Orthotopic Liver Transplantation

Mouse orthotopic liver transplantation is an effective methodology for investigating the underlying mechanisms of liver ischemia and reperfusion injury. However, the technical challenges pose a barrier to utilizing this valuable experimental model and passing on these skills to the next generation. The most challenging aspect of this procedure is vascular reconstruction, including the portal vein (PV), infrahepatic inferior vena cava (IHIVC), and suprahepatic inferior vena cava. The use of plastic cuffs, rather than sutures, allows for smoother PV and IHIVC reconstruction. Vessels are reconstructed by attaching a cuff made from an intravenous catheter to the tip of the graft vessel and interposing the cuff into the recipient vessel. The two most crucial aspects are properly visualizing the inner lumen of the vessel and avoiding the use of excessive force. Our aim is to provide a technical overview of vascular reconstructions using the cuff technique in recipient surgery. These technical tips for the cuff technique are expected to help microsurgeons facilitate vascular reconstruction and advance their research.

Yazar Spotlight: Yağlı Karaciğer Transplantasyonunda Soğuk İskemi ve Sıcak Reperfüzyon Hasarının Araştırılması

This protocol provides technical information for vessel reconstruction using the cuff technique in mouse orthotopic liver transplantation.

Fare Ortotopik Karaciğer Transplantasyonunda Cuff Tekniği ile Vasküler Rekonstrüksiyon

Mouse orthotopic liver transplantation is an effective methodology for investigating the underlying mechanisms of liver ischemia and reperfusion injury. ...