<ol><li> 3-5x10 6 hücre / 6 cm doku cultureplate dönüşümü, plaka 293T hücreleri önce akşam. Not: Biz transfeksiyon ve efficacyas virüs üreten hücrelerin kendi kolaylığı için 293T hücreleri kullanır. Bu hücreler, plazmid bir yardımcı tanıtıldı sürece virüs ambalaj eksikliği vardır . </li><li> Sabah ilk, orta hafifçe kaldırın ve 4 ml 293T hücre med 25 mM Klorokin içeren değiştirin. 1 saat için kuvöz koyun. Not: plaka konfluent yaklaşık% 80 olmalıdır. </li><li> Bu arada, 5 ml tüpler, bir seferde 2 plakaları için virüs yapımı karışımının hazırlanması: <ol><li> 2 x 10 mg retroviral plazmid inşa </li><li> 2 x 5 mg ambalaj inşa (EcoPak) </li><li> 2 x 62 ml CaCl </li><li> 1 ml steril GKD 2 O ile tamamlamak Not: retroviral plazmid faiz ve bir işaretleyici onkogen kodlar, EcoPak gag-pol-env kodlar. 293T hücreleri ile birlikte, bir fare hücreleri için spesifik ecotropic retrovirüs (RV), ama insan hücreleri için enfektif üretecektir. Klorokin ve CaCl 2 transfeksiyon verimliliği artırmak için gösterilmiştir. </li></ol></li><li> 2x sterileHBS 1ml ise tüp hafifçe karıştırın, karışımın açılan akıllıca ekleyin. </li><li> Hemen hafifçe 2 tabak, her biri 1 ml, bu çözümü eklemek damla bırak. </li><li> 7 ila 11 saat için kuvöz koyun. </li><li> Akşam (7 ila 11 saat sonra), yavaşça orta kaldırmak ve çok yavaşça 5 ml taze 293T orta ile değiştirin. , Ertesi gün öğlene kadar kuvöz koyun. Not: Bu adım, hücrelerin klorokin çıkarmak için ihtiyacınız olan önemlidir. Uzun süre devam ederse, klorokin toksiktir. Plakalarda çözüm transfeksiyon karışımı çok ince bir toz gibi yağış nedeniyle, bulanık görünüyor. Not: klorokin duyarlı hücreler olan ve plakası kolayca ayırmak gibi, aşırı yumuşaklığı ile tüm medya değişiklikleri yapmak önemlidir. </li><li> Ertesi gün, 18 ila 24 saat. Öğleyin) virüsü (almadan önce, hafifçe orta kaldırmak ve çok nazikçe 3 ml taze 293T orta ile değiştirin. Inkübatör O / N değiştirin. </li><li> Üçüncü sabah (18 ila 24 saat sonrası), yavaşça, 18 G iğne ile donatılmış 10 ml şırınga ile orta formu plakaları emmek. Bu süpernatant retrovirüs içerir. </li><li> ,, 45 mm şırınga filtre iğne, şırınga iyi çözüm karıştırmak için birkaç kez ters filtre ile süpernatant geçmek ve cryotubes içinde kısım Not: Alternatif olarak, 5 0 ml konik tüp içine virüs, havuz aynı virüs tüm süpernatantlar 3 + plaka yapıyoruz. Cryotubes retrovirüs içeren kısım süpernatantlar filtreleyerek, sonra iyice karıştırın. </li><li> Virüs dolu süpernatantlar içeren tüpler -80 ° C&#39;ye kadar içinde tutulur. </li></ol>

<ol>
	<li>DuBridge, R. B., Tang, P., Hsia, H. C., Leong, P. M., Miller, J. H., Calos, M. P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Analysis+of+mutation+in+human+cells+by+using+an+Epstein-Barr+virus+shuttle+system.">Analysis of mutation in human cells by using an Epstein-Barr virus shuttle system.</a> Mol Cell Biol. 7, 379-387 (1987).</li><li>Cherry, S. R., Biniszkiewicz, D., van Parijs, L., Baltimore, D., Jaenisch, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Retroviral+expression+in+embryonic+stem+cells+and+hematopoietic+stem+cells.">Retroviral expression in embryonic stem cells and hematopoietic stem cells.</a> Mol Cell Biol. 20, 7419-7426 (2000).</li><li>Finer, M. H., Dull, T. J., Qin, L., Farson, D., Roberts, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=kat:+A+high-efficiency+retroviral+transduction+system+for+primary+human+T+lymphocytes.">kat: A high-efficiency retroviral transduction system for primary human T lymphocytes.</a> Blood. 83, 43-50 (1994).</li><li>Naviaux, R. K., Costanzi, E., Haas, M., Verma, I. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+pCL+vector+system:+rapid+production+of+helper-free,+high-titer,+recombinant+retroviruses.">The pCL vector system: rapid production of helper-free, high-titer, recombinant retroviruses.</a> J Virol. 70, 5701-5705 (1996).</li><li>Pear, W. S., Miller, J. P., Xu, L., Pui, J. C., Soffer, B., Quackenbush, R. C., Pendergast, A. M., Bronson, R., Aster, J. C., Scott, M. L., Baltimore, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Efficient+and+rapid+induction+of+a+chronic+myelogenous+leukemia-like+myeloproliferative+disease+in+mice+receiving+P210+bcr/abl-transduced+bone+marrow.">Efficient and rapid induction of a chronic myelogenous leukemia-like myeloproliferative disease in mice receiving P210 bcr/abl-transduced bone marrow.</a> Blood. 92, 3780-3792 (1998).</li><li>Pear, W. S., Nolan, G. P., Scott, M. L., Baltimore, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Production+of+high-titer+helper-free+retroviruses+by+transient+transfection.">Production of high-titer helper-free retroviruses by transient transfection.</a> Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 90, 8392-8396 (1993).</li><li>Stocking, C., Kollek, R., Bergholz, U., Ostertag, W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Long+terminal+repeat+sequences+impart+hematopoietic+transformation+properties+to+the+myeloproliferative+sarcoma+virus.">Long terminal repeat sequences impart hematopoietic transformation properties to the myeloproliferative sarcoma virus.</a> Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 82, 5746-5750 (1985).</li><li>Van Etten, R. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Models+of+chronic+myeloid+leukemia.">Models of chronic myeloid leukemia.</a> Curr Oncol Rep. 3, 228-237 (2001).</li><li>Van Etten, R. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Studying+the+pathogenesis+of+BCR-ABL++leukemia+in+mice.">Studying the pathogenesis of BCR-ABL+ leukemia in mice.</a> Oncogene. 21, 8643-8651 (2002).</li></ol>

Dört kritik noktaları iyi bir virüs stokunun başarısını temin edecektir: <ol><li> 293T üreten hücrelerin bir yoğunluk ulaşmak olduğunu, bu yüzden, çok düzenli olarak bölünmüş olan, yani çok sağlıklı olmak için büyümüş asla ve 6 cm doku kültürü plaka başına 3.5-5 milyon optimize yoğunlukta kaplama transfeksiyon sabahı plaka% 80. </li><li> Hücre lysozomes stabilize ve çekirdeği ulaşır DNA kesir artırarak, 5-kat klorokin eklenmesi yaklaşık 3 transfeksiyon verimliliği ve daha sonraki b...

Transfeksiyon kullanılan tüm reaktifler steril filtre edilir (CaCl 2, 2x HBS, miliQ H 2 O) ve steril tutulan gerekir.

production of replication-defective retrovirus by transient transfection of 293t cells

Bcr-Abl veya büyüme faktörü reseptör-kaynaklı onkogenler (ZNF198 FGFR1, Bcr-PDGFRα, vb) gibi onkogenler tarafından uyarılan laboratuar çalışmaları insan myeloproliferatif hastalıklar. Biz fare modelinde daha önce ilgi onkogen ifade bir retrovirüs ile enfekte kemik iliği hücrelerinin nakli, insan gibi bir hastalık modeli ve çalışma edebiliyoruz. Çoğaltma arızalı retrovirüs bir insan onkogen kodlama ve bir işaretleyici (GFP, RFP, antibiyotik direnç geni, vb.) 293T hücreleri, adenovirüs E1A gen ürünü tarafından dönüştürülmüş bir insan böbrek epitel hücre hattı kullanarak geçici bir transfeksiyon protokol tarafından üretilir. Kolayca ulaşılabilir% 50-80 transfeksiyon verimliliği kadar 293 hücreler, kalsiyum fosfat (Capo 4) yüksek transfectable olağandışı bir özelliği var . Burada, ilgi onkogen ve ambalaj Bu durumda kat veya PCL, yapıları tek genom EcoPak plazmid gibi gag-pol-env ambalaj fonksiyonları, ifade eden bir plazmid ifade retroviral vektör ile 293 hücreleri transfect ortak. Ilk transfeksiyon daha klorokin kullanımı artırıldı. Ecotropic virüs Hisse Senetleri, kültür süpernatant 48 saat olarak toplanır. post-transfeksiyon, C ° -80 saklanan ve dönüşüm görünümünde ve in vitro çalışmalardan sonra fare modeli nakli için kullanılabilir hücre hatları, ya da, fare kemik iliği hücreleri gibi birincil hücreleri, enfeksiyon için kullanılır. .

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Production of Replication-Defective Retrovirus by Transient Transfection of 293T cells at JoVE.com

Production of Replication-Defective Retrovirus by Transient Transfection of 293T cells

Bu teknik, bir insan onkogen kodlama çoğaltma kusurlu retroviral stokları hazırlamak için etkin bir şekilde gösteriyor ve daha sonra fare modeli myeloproliferatif hastalığı indüksiyonu için kullanılır.

293T hücreleri geçici Transfeksiyon Çoğaltma-Arızalı Retrovirus Üretimi

Our lab studies human myeloproliferative diseases induced by such oncogenes as Bcr-Abl or growth factor receptor-derived oncogenes (ZNF198-FGFR1, ...

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19.4K Görüntüleme.  Tufts University. Bu teknik, bir insan onkogen kodlama çoğaltma kusurlu retroviral stokları hazırlamak için etkin bir şekilde gösteriyor ve daha sonra fare modeli myeloproliferatif hastalığı indüksiyonu için kullanılır.

Video: Production of Replication-Defective Retrovirus by Transient Transfection of 293T cells

Optimized Transfection Strategy for Expression and Electrophysiological Recording of Recombinant Voltage-Gated Ion Channels in HEK-293T Cells

The in vitro expression and electrophysiological recording of recombinant voltage-gated ion channels in cultured human embryonic kidney cells (HEK-293T) is a ubiquitous research strategy. HEK-293T cells must be plated onto glass coverslips at low enough density so that they are not in contact with each other in order to allow for electrophysiological recording without confounding effects due to contact with adjacent cells. Transfected channels must also express with high efficiency at the plasma membrane for whole-cell patch clamp recording of detectable currents above noise levels. Heterologous ion channels often require long incubation periods at 28&deg;C after transfection in order to achieve adequate membrane expression, but there are increasing losses of cell-coverslip adhesion and membrane stability at this temperature. To circumvent this problem, we developed an optimized strategy to transfect and plate HEK-293T cells. This method requires that cells be transfected at a relatively high confluency, and incubated at 28&deg;C for varying incubation periods post-transfection to allow for adequate ion channel protein expression. Transfected cells are then plated onto glass coverslips and incubated at 37&deg;C for several hours, which allows for rigid cell attachment to the coverslips and membrane restabilization. Cells can be recorded shortly after plating, or can be transferred to 28&deg;C for further incubation. We find that the initial incubation at 28&deg;C, after transfection but before plating, is key for the efficient expression of heterologous ion channels that normally do not express well at the plasma membrane. Positively transfected, cultured cells are identified by co-expressed eGFP or eGFP expressed from a bicistronic vector (e.g. pIRES2-EGFP) containing the recombinant ion channel cDNA just upstream of an internal ribosome entry site and an eGFP coding sequence. Whole-cell patch clamp recording requires specialized equipment, plus the crafting of polished recording electrodes and L-shaped ground electrodes from borosilicate glass. Drug delivery to study the pharmacology of ion channels can be achieved by directly micropipetting drugs into the recording dish, or by using microperfusion or gravity flow systems that produce uninterrupted streams of drug solution over recorded cells.

Reliable method for highly efficient in vitro expression and subsequent electrophysiological recording of recombinant voltage-gated ion channels in cultured human embryonic kidney cells (HEK-293T).

İfade ve HEK-293T Hücreler Rekombinant Gerilim Gated İyon Kanalları Elektrofizyolojik Kayıt için optimize edilmiş Transfeksiyon Strateji

The in vitro expression and electrophysiological recording of recombinant voltage-gated ion channels in cultured human embryonic kidney cells (HEK-293T) ...

Biyoloji

Optimization and Utilization of Agrobacterium-mediated Transient Protein Production in Nicotiana

Agrobacterium-mediated transient protein production in plants is a promising approach to produce vaccine antigens and therapeutic proteins within a short period of time. However, this technology is only just beginning to be applied to large-scale production as many technological obstacles to scale up are now being overcome. Here, we demonstrate a simple and reproducible method for industrial-scale transient protein production based on vacuum infiltration of Nicotiana plants with Agrobacteria carrying launch vectors. Optimization of Agrobacterium cultivation in AB medium allows direct dilution of the bacterial culture in Milli-Q water, simplifying the infiltration process. Among three tested species of Nicotiana, N. excelsiana (N. benthamiana &#215; N. excelsior) was selected as the most promising host due to the ease of infiltration, high level of reporter protein production, and about two-fold higher biomass production under controlled environmental conditions. Induction of Agrobacterium harboring pBID4-GFP (Tobacco mosaic virus-based) using chemicals such as acetosyringone and monosaccharide had no effect on the protein production level. Infiltrating plant under 50 to 100 mbar for 30 or 60 sec resulted in about 95% infiltration of plant leaf tissues. Infiltration with Agrobacterium laboratory strain GV3101 showed the highest protein production compared to Agrobacteria laboratory strains LBA4404 and C58C1 and wild-type Agrobacteria strains at6, at10, at77 and A4. Co-expression of a viral RNA silencing suppressor, p23 or p19, in N. benthamiana resulted in earlier accumulation and increased production (15-25%) of target protein (influenza virus hemagglutinin).

Optimization and Utilization of Agrobacterium-mediated Transient Protein Production in Nicotiana

Transient protein production in Nicotiana plants based on vacuum infiltration with Agrobacteria carrying launch vectors (Tobacco mosaic virus-based) is a rapid and economic approach to produce vaccine antigens and therapeutic proteins. We simplified the procedure and improved target accumulation by optimizing conditions of bacteria cultivation, selecting host species, and co-introducing RNA silencing suppressors.

Optimizasyon ve Kullanımı<em&gt; Agrobacterium</emIn&gt; aracılı Geçici Protein Üretimi<em&gt; Nicotiana</em

Agrobacterium-mediated transient protein production in plants is a promising approach to produce vaccine antigens and therapeutic proteins within a short ...

Transient Expression of Proteins by Hydrodynamic Gene Delivery in Mice

Efficient expression of transgenes in vivo is of critical importance in studying gene function and developing treatments for diseases. Over the past years, hydrodynamic gene delivery (HGD) has emerged as a simple, fast, safe and effective method for delivering transgenes into rodents. This technique relies on the force generated by the rapid injection of a large volume of physiological solution to increase the permeability of cell membranes of perfused organs and thus deliver DNA into cells. One of the main advantages of HGD is the ability to introduce transgenes into mammalian cells using naked plasmid DNA (pDNA). Introducing an exogenous gene using a plasmid is minimally laborious, highly efficient and, contrary to viral carriers, remarkably safe. HGD was initially used to deliver genes into mice, it is now used to deliver a wide range of substances, including oligonucleotides, artificial chromosomes, RNA, proteins and small molecules into mice, rats and, to a limited degree, other animals. This protocol describes HGD in mice and focuses on three key aspects of the method that are critical to performing the procedure successfully: correct insertion of the needle into the vein, the volume of injection and the speed of delivery. Examples are given to show the application of this method to the transient expression of two genes that encode secreted, primate-specific proteins, apolipoprotein L-I (APOL-I) and haptoglobin-related protein (HPR).

In vivo transfection of naked DNA by hydrodynamic gene delivery introduces genes into the tissue of an animal with minimal inflammatory response. Sufficient amounts of gene product are generated such that gene function and regulation as well as protein structure and function can be analyzed.

Farelerde Hidrodinamik Gen Taşıyıcı Proteinlerin Geçici İfadesi

Efficient expression of transgenes in vivo is of critical importance in studying gene function and developing treatments for diseases. Over the past ...

In Vivo 4-Dimensional Tracking of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells in Adult Mouse Calvarial Bone Marrow

Through a delicate balance between quiescence and proliferation, self renewal and production of differentiated progeny, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) maintain the turnover of all mature blood cell lineages. The coordination of the complex signals leading to specific HSC fates relies upon the interaction between HSCs and the intricate bone marrow microenvironment, which is still poorly understood[1-2].
We describe how by combining a newly developed specimen holder for stable animal positioning with multi-step confocal and two-photon in vivo imaging techniques, it is possible to obtain high-resolution 3D stacks containing HSPCs and their surrounding niches and to monitor them over time through multi-point time-lapse imaging. High definition imaging allows detecting ex vivo labeled hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) residing within the bone marrow. Moreover, multi-point time-lapse 3D imaging, obtained with faster acquisition settings, provides accurate information about HSPC movement and the reciprocal interactions between HSPCs and stroma cells.
Tracking of HSPCs in relation to GFP positive osteoblastic cells is shown as an exemplary application of this method. This technique can be utilized to track any appropriately labeled hematopoietic or stromal cell of interest within the mouse calvarium bone marrow space.

In Vivo 4-Dimensional Tracking of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells in Adult Mouse Calvarial Bone Marrow

The nature of the interactions between hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) and bone marrow niches is poorly understood. Custom hardware modifications and a multi-step acquisition protocol allow the use of two-photon and confocal microscopy to image ex vivo labeled HSPCs homed within bone marrow areas, tracking interactions and movement.

Yetişkin Fare Kalvaryal Kemik İliği içinde Hematopoietik kök hücrelerin Vivo 4-Boyutlu Takip

Through a delicate balance between quiescence and proliferation, self renewal and production of differentiated progeny, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) ...

Production of Haploid Zebrafish Embryos by In Vitro Fertilization

The zebrafish has become a mainstream vertebrate model that is relevant for many disciplines of scientific study. Zebrafish are especially well suited for forward genetic analysis of developmental processes due to their external fertilization, embryonic size, rapid ontogeny, and optical clarity &#8211; a constellation of traits that enable the direct observation of events ranging from gastrulation to organogenesis with a basic stereomicroscope. Further, zebrafish embryos can survive for several days in the haploid state. The production of haploid embryos in vitro is a powerful tool for mutational analysis, as it enables the identification of recessive mutant alleles present in first generation (F1) female carriers following mutagenesis in the parental (P) generation. This approach eliminates the necessity to raise multiple generations (F2, F3, etc.) which involves breeding of mutant families, thus saving the researcher time along with reducing the needs for zebrafish colony space, labor, and the husbandry costs. Although zebrafish have been used to conduct forward screens for the past several decades, there has been a steady expansion of transgenic and genome editing tools. These tools now offer a plethora of ways to create nuanced assays for next generation screens that can be used to further dissect the gene regulatory networks that drive vertebrate ontogeny. Here, we describe how to prepare haploid zebrafish embryos. This protocol can be implemented for novel future haploid screens, such as in enhancer and suppressor screens, to address the mechanisms of development for a broad number of processes and tissues that form during early embryonic stages.

Production of Haploid Zebrafish Embryos by In Vitro Fertilization

The zebrafish is a powerful model system for developmental biology and human disease research due to their genetic similarity with higher vertebrates. This protocol describes a methodology to create haploid zebrafish embryos that can be utilized for forward screen strategies to identify recessive mutations in genes essential for early embryogenesis.

Haploit Zebra balığı Embriyolar üretimi ile<em&gt; In Vitro</em&gt; Gübreleme

The zebrafish has become a mainstream vertebrate model that is relevant for many disciplines of scientific study. Zebrafish are especially well suited for ...

High Yield Expression of Recombinant Human Proteins with the Transient Transfection of HEK293 Cells in Suspension

The art of producing recombinant proteins with complex post-translational modifications represents a major challenge for studies of structure and function. The rapid establishment and high recovery from transiently-transfected mammalian cell lines addresses this barrier and is an effective means of expressing proteins that are naturally channeled through the ER and Golgi-mediated secretory pathway. Here is one protocol for protein expression using the human HEK293F and HEK293S cell lines transfected with a mammalian expression vector designed for high protein yields. The applicability of this system is demonstrated using three representative glycoproteins that expressed with yields between 95-120 mg of purified protein recovered per liter of culture. These proteins are the human Fc&#947;RIIIa and the rat &#945;2-6 sialyltransferase, ST6GalI, both expressed with an N-terminal GFP fusion, as well as the unmodified human immunoglobulin G1 Fc. This robust system utilizes a serum-free medium that is adaptable for expression of isotopically enriched proteins and carbohydrates for structural studies using mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Furthermore, the composition of the N-glycan can be tuned by adding a small molecule to prevent certain glycan modifications in a manner that does not reduce yield.

Laboratory-scale production of eukaryotic proteins with appropriate post-translational modification represents a significant barrier. Here is a robust protocol with rapid establishment and turnaround for protein expression using a mammalian expression system. This system supports selective amino acid, selective labeling of proteins and small molecule modulators of glycan composition.

Süspansiyon HEK293 hücrelerinin kısa süreli transfection ile Rekombinant İnsan Proteinlerinin Yüksek Verimli İfadesi

The art of producing recombinant proteins with complex post-translational modifications represents a major challenge for studies of structure and ...

Transient Expression and Cellular Localization of Recombinant Proteins in Cultured Insect Cells

Heterologous protein expression systems are used for the production of recombinant proteins, the interpretation of cellular trafficking/localization, and the determination of the biochemical function of proteins at the sub-organismal level. Although baculovirus expression systems are increasingly used for protein production in numerous biotechnological, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications, nonlytic systems that do not involve viral infection have clear benefits but are often overlooked and underutilized. Here, we describe a method for generating nonlytic expression vectors and transient recombinant protein expression. This protocol allows for the efficient cellular localization of recombinant proteins and can be used to rapidly discern protein trafficking within the cell. We show the expression of four&#160;recombinant proteins in a commercially available insect cell line, including two aquaporin proteins from the insect Bemisia tabaci, as well as subcellular marker proteins specific for the cell plasma membrane and for intracellular lysosomes. All recombinant proteins were produced as chimeras with fluorescent protein markers at their carboxyl termini, which allows for the direct detection of the recombinant proteins. The double transfection of cells with plasmids harboring constructs for the genes of interest and a known subcellular marker allows for live cell imaging and improved validation of cellular protein localization.

Nonlytic insect cell expression systems are underutilized for production, cellular trafficking/localization, and recombinant protein functional analysis. Here, we describe methods to generate expression vectors and subsequent transient protein expression in commercially available lepidopteran cell lines. The co-localization of Bemisia tabaci aquaporins with subcellular fluorescent marker proteins is also presented.

Kültürlü Böcek Hücrelerinde Geçici İfade ve Rekombinant Proteinlerin Hücresel Yerelleştirme

Heterologous protein expression systems are used for the production of recombinant proteins, the interpretation of cellular trafficking/localization, and ...

Tavuk Lensi Gelişimi Sırasında Protein Ekspresyonunun İncelenmesi

Microinjection of Recombinant RCAS(A) Retrovirus into Embryonic Chicken Lens

Embryonic chicken (Gallus domesticus) is a well-established animal model for the study of lens development and physiology, given its high degree of similarity with the human lens. RCAS(A) is a replication-competent chicken retrovirus that infects dividing cells, which serves as a powerful tool to study the in situ expression and function of wild-type and mutant proteins during lens development by microinjection into the empty lumen of lens vesicle at early developmental stages, restricting its action to surrounding proliferating lens cells. Compared to other approaches, such as transgenic models and ex vivo cultures, the use of an RCAS(A) replication-competent avian retrovirus provides a highly effective, rapid, and customizable system to express exogenous proteins in chick embryos. Specifically, targeted gene transfer can be confined to proliferative lens fiber cells without the need for tissue-specific promoters. In this article, we will briefly overview the steps needed for recombinant retrovirus RCAS(A) preparation, provide a detailed, comprehensive overview of the microinjection procedure, and provide sample results of the technique.

Yazar Gündemi: Embriyonik Tavuk Lensinde RCAS(A) Retrovirüsünün Mikroenjeksiyonu Yoluyla Lens Gelişimi ve İşlevinin Araştırılması 

This protocol paper describes the methodology of embryonic chicken lens microinjection of an RCAS(A) retrovirus as a tool for studying in situ function and expression of proteins during lens development.

Rekombinant RCAS(A) Retrovirüsünün Embriyonik Tavuk Lensine Mikroenjeksiyonu

Embryonic chicken (Gallus domesticus) is a well-established animal model for the study of lens development and physiology, given its high degree of ...