Name: transient expression and cellular localization of recombinant proteins in cultured insect cells
Uploaded: 2017-04-20T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Transient Expression and Cellular Localization of Recombinant Proteins in Cultured Insect Cells at JoVE.com

We thank Lynn Forlow-Jech and Dannialle LeRoy for technical assistance. This work was supported by base CRIS funding to USDA ARS, National Program 304 - Crop Protection and Quarantine [Project #2020-22620-022-00D] to J.A.F. and J.J.H. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

1. OE-PCR for the Construction of Expression Plasmids
Note: See Table 1 for all primers used in OE-PCR. The use of a high-fidelity DNA polymerase is recommended for all amplifications. However, because these enzymes frequently do not leave a 3&#39; A, it is necessary to perform a brief, non-amplifying incubation with a Taq DNA polymerase to &#34;A-tail&#34; the PCR products prior to cloning them into a TA insect cell expression vector. This protocol demonstrates a method to gene...

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Biotechnol. 216, 67-75 (2015).</li><li>Chen, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rapid+screening+of+membrane+protein+expression+in+transiently+transfected+insect+cells.">Rapid screening of membrane protein expression in transiently transfected insect cells.</a> Protein Expres. Purif. 88 (1), 134-142 (2013).</li><li>Shen, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Virus-free+transient+protein+production+in+Sf9+cells.">Virus-free transient protein production in Sf9 cells.</a> J. Biotechnol. 171, 61-70 (2014).</li><li>Loomis, K. 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Heterologous protein expression systems are important tools for the production of recombinant proteins used in numerous downstream applications4. Choosing from the diverse expression systems available depends on the end goal for the protein of interest. Several insect cell expression systems are available that offer flexible alternatives to prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell expression systems5,6. Insect systems requiring baculovirus infectio...

The production of recombinant proteins using insect cell expression systems offers numerous benefits for the study of eukaryotic proteins. Namely, insect cells possess similar post-translational modifications, processing, and sorting mechanisms as those present in mammalian cells, which is advantageous for producing properly folded proteins1,2,3. Insect cell systems also typically require fewer resources and less time and effort for maintenance than mammalian cell lines4,5. The baculovirus expression system is one such insect cell-based system that is now widely used in many disciplines, including the production of recombinant proteins for protein characterization and therapeutics, the immunogenic presentation of foreign peptides and viral proteins for vaccine production, the synthesis of multi-protein complexes, the production of glycosylated proteins, etc.1,2,4,6. There are, however, situations in which baculovirus expression may not be applicable3,7, and the use of nonlytic and transient insect expression systems may be more appropriate. Specifically, transient insect cell expression offers the possibility for the rapid synthesis of recombinant protein, requires less development and maintenance, does not involve viral-imposed cell lysis, and provides a means to better study cellular trafficking during protein synthesis7,8,9,10.
This protocol describes the rapid generation of expression vectors using two-step overlap extension PCR (OE-PCR) 11 and the standard cloning of plasmid DNA in Escherichia coli. Plasmids are used to double-transfect commercially available cultured insect cells and to produce representative proteins. The protocol describes the production and use of two different fluorescently-labeled subcellular marker proteins and demonstrates colocalization with two aquaporin proteins from the insect Bemisia tabaci. The following protocol provides the basic methodology for OE-PCR, insect cell maintenance and transfection, and fluorescence microscopy for the cellular localization of target proteins.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="1353">
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		<col />
		<col />
		<col />
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	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:425px;">KOD DNA Polymerase</td>
			<td style="width:164px;">EMD Millipore</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">71085-3</td>
			<td style="width:645px;">High-fidelity DNA polymerase used for PCR amplification of overlap extension PCR products</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:425px;">ExTaq DNA Polymerase</td>
			<td style="width:164px;">TaKaRa-Clontech</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">RR001B</td>
			<td>DNA polymerase used for A-tailing of PCR products</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:425px;">EconoTaq PLUS GREEN 2x DNA Polymerase Master Mix</td>
			<td style="width:164px;">Lucigen</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">30033-1</td>
			<td>DNA polymerase used for bacterial colony PCR</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:425px;">Biometra TProfessional Gradient Thermocycler</td>
			<td style="width:164px;">Biometra/LABRepCo</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">070-851</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:425px;">Agarose LE</td>
			<td style="width:164px;">Benchmark Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">A1705</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:425px;">SYBR Safe DNA Gel Stain</td>
			<td>ThermoFisher</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">S33102</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:425px;">Montage DNA Gel Extraction Kit</td>
			<td style="width:164px;">EMD Millipore</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">LSKGEL050</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:425px;">pIB/V5-His TOPO TA Expression Kit</td>
			<td>ThermoFisher</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">K89020</td>
			<td style="width:645px;">Contains components needed to clone overlap extension PCR products, including linearized and topoisomerase I-activated pIB/V5-His-TOPO vector, One Shot TOP10 chemically competent E. coli, and salt solution.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:425px;">QIAprep Spin MiniPrep Kit</td>
			<td>Qiagen</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">27104</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:425px;">QIAcube Robotic Workstation</td>
			<td>Qiagen</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">9001292</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Purifier Vertical Clean Bench</td>
			<td>Labconco</td>
			<td>3970401</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Tni cultured insect cell Line</td>
			<td>Allele Biotech</td>
			<td>ABP-CEL-10005</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Sf9 cultured insect cell Line</td>
			<td>Allele Biotech</td>
			<td>ABP-CEL-10002</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Serum-Free Insect Culture Medium</td>
			<td>Allele Biotech</td>
			<td>ABP-MED-10002</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">TNM-FH Insect Culture Medium</td>
			<td>Allele Biotech</td>
			<td>ABP-MED-10001</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">IPL-41 Insect Medium</td>
			<td>ThermoFisher</td>
			<td>11405081</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Cellfectin II Transfection Reagent</td>
			<td>ThermoFisher</td>
			<td>10362100</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">16 cm Disposable Cell Scrapers</td>
			<td>Sarstedt</td>
			<td>83.1832</td>
			<td>Cell scrapers with two-position blade</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;">25 cm2 (T25) Tissue Culture Flasks with Vent Filter Caps</td>
			<td>Life Science Products</td>
			<td>CT-229331</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Transfer Pipets</td>
			<td>Fisher</td>
			<td>1371120</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Sterile, 50 mL Bio-Reaction Tubes</td>
			<td>Life Science Products</td>
			<td>CT-229475</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">PipetteBoy</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td>14222-180</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">5 mL Serological Pipettes</td>
			<td>Sarstedt</td>
			<td>86.1253.001</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">0.5 mL Flat-Cap PCR Tubes</td>
			<td>Fisher</td>
			<td>14230200</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Polypropylene Biohazard Autoclave Bags</td>
			<td>Fisher</td>
			<td>01828C</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">35 mm #1.5 Glass Bottom Dishes</td>
			<td>Matsunami Glass</td>
			<td>D35-14-1.5-U</td>
			<td>35 mm dish diameter, 14 mm glass diameter, 1.5 mm glass thickness, uncoated</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Incubator, Model 1510E</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td>35823-961</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Countess II FL Cell Counter</td>
			<td>ThermoFisher</td>
			<td>AMQAF1000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Countess Cell Counting Chamber Slides with 0.4% Trypan Blue Reagent</td>
			<td>ThermoFisher</td>
			<td>C10228</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Fluoview FV10i-LIV Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope</td>
			<td>Olympus</td>
			<td>FV10i-LIV</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">HsPLA2/pCS6 plasmid DNA</td>
			<td>transOMIC Technologies</td>
			<td>TCH1303</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">pmCherry Vector</td>
			<td>Clontech</td>
			<td>632522</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:425px;">NucBlue Live ReadyProbes Reagent (Hoechst 33342)</td>
			<td style="width:164px;">ThermoFisher</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">R37605</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

transient expression and cellular localization of recombinant proteins in cultured insect cells

Heterologous protein expression systems are used for the production of recombinant proteins, the interpretation of cellular trafficking/localization, and the determination of the biochemical function of proteins at the sub-organismal level. Although baculovirus expression systems are increasingly used for protein production in numerous biotechnological, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications, nonlytic systems that do not involve viral infection have clear benefits but are often overlooked and underutilized. Here, we describe a method for generating nonlytic expression vectors and transient recombinant protein expression. This protocol allows for the efficient cellular localization of recombinant proteins and can be used to rapidly discern protein trafficking within the cell. We show the expression of four&#160;recombinant proteins in a commercially available insect cell line, including two aquaporin proteins from the insect Bemisia tabaci, as well as subcellular marker proteins specific for the cell plasma membrane and for intracellular lysosomes. All recombinant proteins were produced as chimeras with fluorescent protein markers at their carboxyl termini, which allows for the direct detection of the recombinant proteins. The double transfection of cells with plasmids harboring constructs for the genes of interest and a known subcellular marker allows for live cell imaging and improved validation of cellular protein localization.

OE-PCR
OE-PCR allows for the synthesis of chimeric DNA products that, once inserted into an expression vector, allow for the production of recombinant chimeric proteins corresponding to any test gene of interest and fluorescent marker protein. Figure 1 represents a general scheme for the production of pIB expression vectors containing B. tabaci aquaporin coding sequences (BtDrip1 and BtDrip2_v1) in-frame w...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Transient Expression and Cellular Localization of Recombinant Proteins in Cultured Insect Cells at JoVE.com

Transient Expression and Cellular Localization of Recombinant Proteins in Cultured Insect Cells

Nonlytic insect cell expression systems are underutilized for production, cellular trafficking/localization, and recombinant protein functional analysis. Here, we describe methods to generate expression vectors and subsequent transient protein expression in commercially available lepidopteran cell lines. The co-localization of Bemisia tabaci aquaporins with subcellular fluorescent marker proteins is also presented.

Heterologous protein expression systems are used for the production of recombinant proteins, the interpretation of cellular trafficking/localization, and ...

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A Method For Production of Recombinant mCD1d Protein in Insect Cells.

CD1 proteins constitute a third class of antigen-presenting molecules. They are cell surface glycoproteins, expressed as approximately 50-kDa glycosylated ...

Staining of Proteins in Gels with Coomassie G-250 without Organic Solvent and Acetic Acid

In classical protein staining protocols using Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB), solutions with high contents of toxic and flammable organic solvents ...

Expression of Recombinant Proteins in the Methylotrophic Yeast Pichia pastoris

Expression of Recombinant Proteins in the Methylotrophic Yeast Pichia pastoris

Protein expression in the microbial eukaryotic host Pichia pastoris offers the possibility to generate high amounts of recombinant protein in a fast and ...

Efficient Agroinfiltration of Plants for High-level Transient Expression of Recombinant Proteins

Mammalian cell culture is the major platform for commercial production of human vaccines and therapeutic proteins. However, it cannot meet the increasing ...

Efficient Production and Purification of Recombinant Murine Kindlin-3 from Insect Cells for Biophysical Studies

Kindlins are essential coactivators, with talin, of the cell surface receptors&#160;integrins and also participate in integrin outside-in signalling, and ...

High Throughput Quantitative Expression Screening and Purification Applied to Recombinant Disulfide-rich Venom Proteins Produced in E. coli

High Throughput Quantitative Expression Screening and Purification Applied to Recombinant Disulfide-rich Venom Proteins Produced in E. coli

Escherichia coli (E. coli) is the most widely used expression system for the production of recombinant proteins for structural and functional studies. ...

Transient Expression of Proteins by Hydrodynamic Gene Delivery in Mice

Efficient expression of transgenes in vivo is of critical importance in studying gene function and developing treatments for diseases. Over the past ...

siRNA Screening to Identify Ubiquitin and Ubiquitin-like System Regulators of Biological Pathways in Cultured Mammalian Cells

Post-translational modification of proteins with ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like molecules (UBLs) is emerging as a dynamic cellular signaling network that ...

A Comparative Analysis of Recombinant Protein Expression in Different Biofactories: Bacteria, Insect Cells and Plant Systems

Plant-based systems are considered a valuable platform for the production of recombinant proteins as a result of their well-documented potential for the ...