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10 ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN JoVE

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Engineering

Atmospheric Pressure Fabrication of Large-Sized Single-Layer Rectangular SnSe Flakes
Jizhou Jiang 1,2, Calvin Pei Yu Wong 2,3, Wenjing Zhang 1, Andrew Thye Shen Wee 2,4
1SZU-NUS Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, 2Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 3NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, Centre for Life Sciences, 4Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre, National University of Singapore

A protocol is presented demonstrating a two-step fabrication technique to grow large-sized single-layer rectangular shaped SnSe flakes on low-cost SiO2/Si dielectrics wafers in an atmospheric pressure quartz tube furnace system.

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Biology

A Method for Islet Transplantation to the Omentum in Mouse
Ying Lu *1, Shangyou Zou *1, Suzanne Bertera *2, Rita Bottino 2, David K.C. Cooper 3, Zhengzhao Liu 1, Yi Huang 1, Chengjun Wang 1, Chungu Hong 1, Tian He 1, Hancheng Zhang 1, Qin Huo 4, Hongxing Fu 5, Zhiming Cai 1, Lisha Mou 1
1Shenzhen Xenotransplantation Medical Engineering Research and Development Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, 2Institute for Cellular Therapeutics, Allegheny-Singer Research Institute, 3Xenotransplantation Program/Department of Surgery, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, 4College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, 5School of Pharmcy, Wenzhou Medical College

A method for the omental transplantation of islets in a mouse is introduced. The isolated islets are mixed with hydrogel and the mixture is placed into the omental pouch of a diabetic mouse. Then, the blood glucose is monitored, and immuno-histochemical analysis is performed.

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Behavior

The Modified Temptation Resistance Task: A Paradigm to Elicit Children's Strategic Lie-telling
Lamei Wang 1, Zhenlin Wang 2
1College of Psychology and Sociology, Shenzhen University, 2Department of Psychology, The Education University of Hong Kong

The protocol for the temptation resistance paradigm was designed to elicit 2- to 8-year-old children's strategic lie-telling behaviors. The reward of transgression was intended to be too tempting to resist, so that children's spontaneous lie-telling behavior in the presence of irreversible evidence due to the transgression could be observed.

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JoVE Core

Applicability Analysis of Assessment Methods for Morphological Parameters of Corroded Steel Bars
Dawang Li 1,2, Ping Li 1,2, Yingang Du 3, Ren Wei 1,2
1Department of Civil Engineering, Shenzhen University, 2Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Durability for Marine Civil Engineering, Shenzhen University, 3Department of Engineering and the Built Environment, Anglia Ruskin University

This paper measures the geometry and the amount of corrosion of a steel bar using different methods: mass loss, calipers, drainage measurements, 3D scanning, and X-ray micro-computed tomography (XCT).

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Neuroscience

How to Calculate and Validate Inter-brain Synchronization in a fNIRS Hyperscanning Study
Yinying Hu 1, Zixuan Wang 1, Bei Song 2, Yafeng Pan 3, Xiaojun Cheng 4, Yi Zhu 1, Yi Hu 1
1Institute of Brain and Education Innovation, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, 2Department of Musicology, Harbin Conservatory of Music, 3Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 4School of Psychology, Shenzhen University

The dynamics between coupled brains of individuals have been increasingly represented by inter-brain synchronization (IBS) when they coordinate with each other, mostly using simultaneous-recording signals of brains (namely hyperscanning) with fNIRS. In fNIRS hyperscanning studies, IBS has been commonly assessed through the wavelet transform coherence (WTC) method because of its advantage on expanding time series into time-frequency space where oscillations can be seen in a highly intuitive way. The observed IBS can be further validated via the permutation-based random pairing of the trial, partner, and condition. Here, a protocol is presented to describe how to obtain brain signals via fNIRS technology, calculate IBS through the WTC method, and validate IBS by permutation in a hyperscanning study. Further, we discuss the critical issues when using the above methods, including the choice of fNIRS signals, methods of data preprocessing, and optional parameters of computations. In summary, using the WTC method and permutation is a potentially standard pipeline for analyzing IBS in fNIRS hyperscanning studies, contributing to both the reproducibility and reliability of IBS.

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JoVE Core

Multiplexed Fluorescent Immunohistochemical Staining of Four Endometrial Immune Cell Types in Recurrent Miscarriage
Yiwei Zhao 1, Gene Chi Wai Man 1,2, Loucia Kit Ying Chan 1, Xi Guo 1, Yingyu Liu 3, Tao Zhang 1, Joseph Kwong 1,4, Chi Chiu Wang 1,5, Xiaoyan Chen 3, Tin Chiu Li 1
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, 2Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, 3Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shenzhen Baoan Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen University, 4School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Keele University, 5Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences; School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong

Despite the advancements in multiplex immunohistochemistry and multispectral imaging, characterizing the density and clustering of major immune cells simultaneously in the endometrium remains a challenge. This paper describes a detailed multiplex staining protocol and imaging for the simultaneous localization of four immune cell types in the endometrium.

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Neuroscience

Modulation of the Neurophysiological Response to Fearful and Stressful Stimuli Through Repetitive Religious Chanting
Hin Hung Sik 1, Georgios T. Halkias 1, Chunqi Chang 2, Junling Gao 1, Hang Kin Leung 1, Bonnie Wai Yan Wu 1
1Buddhism and Science Research Lab, Centre of Buddhist Studies, The University of Hong Kong, 2School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University

The present event-related potential (ERP) study provides a unique protocol for investigating how religious chanting can modulate negative emotions. The results demonstrate that the late positive potential (LPP) is a robust neurophysiological response to negative emotional stimuli and can be effectively modulated by repetitive religious chanting.

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Immunology and Infection

Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR)-Based Rapid Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection and Antibiotic Resistance
Liang Wang *1,2,3, Jin-Xin Lai *1, Yu-Ting Si *1,4, Xu-Xia Cui 1,4, Zeeshan Umar 1,5, Xiao-Jun Ru 1, Xin-Yu Zhang 1, Zheng-Kang Li 1, Alfred Chin Yen Tay 5,6,7,8, Barry J. Marshall 5,6,7,8, Guang-Hua Li 1, Bing Gu 1
1Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, 2Division of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 3Center for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 4Medical Technology School of Xuzhou Medical University, 5Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, 6The Marshall Centre for Infectious Diseases Research and Training, The University of Western Australia, 7Marshall International Digestive Diseases Hospital, Zhengzhou University, 8Marshall Medical Research Center, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University

The protocol presents a noninvasive method for the rapid diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori stomach infections through the string test and determines its antibiotic resistance to clarithromycin and levofloxacin using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).

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Immunology and Infection

Accessing Early Differentiation of Virus-Specific Follicular Helper CD4+ T Cell in Acute LCMV-Infected Mice
Yao Lin *1,2, Shuai Yue *3, Yang Yang *4, Junjian He 5, Xiaofan Yang 6, Lilin Ye 5, Xiangyu Chen 7
1Department of Urology, South China Hospital, Medical School, Shenzhen University, 2Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, 3Cancer Center, Daping Hospital & Army Medical Center of PLA, Third Military Medical University, 4Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Immune Regulation and Immunotherapy, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, 5Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, 6Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, 7Institute of Immunological Innovation and Translation, Chongqing Medical University

The current study showcases protocols for assessing the early fate commitment of virus-specific TFH cells and manipulating gene expression in these cells.

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Biology

Co-culture Model Using Two Types of Adherent Cell Lines
Zhuo Song *1, Lisha Zhao *1, Jingwen Hu *1, Xi Zheng 2, Yingyu Liu 1, Hao Wang 1, Xiaoyan Chen 1
1Maternal-Fetal Medicine Institute, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Baoan Women's and Children's Hospital, Shenzhen University, 2The First Clinical Medicine College, Southern Medical University

The protocol shows a novel in vitro experimental model that can recapitulate the biology of two kinds of adherent cell lines with a three-dimensional (3D)-printed scaffold. The construction of this model and operating procedures, from cell preparation and cell culture to analysis and evaluation, are described.

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