Chapter 8
Tissues of the Human Body
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组织
Tissues are a group of cells that share a common embryonic origin. Microscopic observation reveals that the cells in a tissue share morphological features ...
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上皮组织及其功能
Epithelial tissues are large sheets of cells covering all of the surfaces of the body. These surfaces can be internal or external, for example, skin, ...
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细胞粘附分子 - 类型和功能
Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are pivotal to multicellularity and the coordinated functioning of tissues and organ systems. They enable physical ...
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细胞间连接概述
The complex three-dimensional arrangement of cells in any multicellular organism is defined and maintained by interactions of cells with each other and ...
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上皮组织的分类:概述
Epithelial tissues are classified according to the shape of the cells and the number of cell layers formed. Cell shapes can be squamous (flattened and ...
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上皮组织的分类:简单上皮
Simple epithelium consists of a single layer of cells that lines body cavities and blood vessels. The shape of the cells in the epithelium reflects the ...
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上皮组织的分类:复层上皮
Stratified epithelium consists of several stacked layers of cells. They provide the durability to withstand constant physical and chemical attacks. ...
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上皮组织的分类:腺体上皮
The glandular epithelium is made of one or more epithelial cells modified to synthesize and secrete chemical substances. Glandular epithelia can be ...
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外分泌腺:单细胞和多细胞腺体
Exocrine glands are classified as unicellular and multicellular. The unicellular glands are scattered single cells, such as goblet cells, found in the ...
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外分泌腺:分泌方法
Exocrine glands are those that release their secretions through ducts. Based on their mode of secretion, they can be classified into merocrine, apocrine, ...
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外分泌腺:分泌物的类型
Exocrine glands produce and release a variety of glandular products. Exocrine glands can be classified into serous, mucous, or mixed types based on their ...
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结缔组织简介
Connective tissues are one of the four main tissue types in humans that are extensively present in the body. They are characterized by cells embedded in ...
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结缔组织的功能
Connective tissues perform a broad range of functions in the body. Their primary function is to connect and link different tissues in the body and act as ...
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结缔组织的分类
The connective tissues have different properties and functions in the human body. They are broadly categorized into proper, supporting, or fluid ...
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胚胎结缔组织
During early development, the embryo forms two types of connective tissues— the mesenchyme and mucoid connective tissue.
The mesenchyme is the first ...
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结缔组织概述
Connective tissue proper is a class of connective tissue that encompasses all mature connective tissues except bone, cartilage, blood, and lymph. This ...
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细胞外基质
Unlike epithelial tissue, which is composed of cells closely packed with little or no extracellular space in between, connective tissue cells are ...
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结缔组织纤维和基质
One of the significant functions of connective tissue is connecting tissues and organs. Unlike epithelial tissue that is composed of cells closely packed ...
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松散的结缔组织
Loose connective tissue is found between many organs. Its main function is to absorb shock and bind tissues together. It also allows water, salts, and ...
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致密结缔组织
Dense connective tissue contains more collagen fibers than loose connective tissue. As a consequence, it displays greater resistance to stretching. There ...
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结缔组织层
Fascia, a thin layer of fibrous connective tissue, is distributed throughout the body. It demarcates and forms a supportive covering over skeletal ...
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骨骼作为支撑结缔组织
Bone tissue forms the internal skeleton of vertebrate animals, providing structure to the body.
Bone Matrix
Bone, or osseous tissue, is a connective ...
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组织膜
A tissue membrane is a thin layer of cells that covers the outside of the body, the organs, internal passageways that lead to the exterior of the body, ...
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液体结缔组织:血液和淋巴
Blood and lymph are fluid connective tissues. They contain cells, also known as formed elements, circulating in a liquid extracellular matrix, the plasma. ...
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组织损伤:炎症和修复
Following injury, the integrity of the injured tissues must be reestablished. For example, in skin tissue, wound repair involves coordination among ...
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衰老对组织的影响
Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and ...
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