22.2 : 影响胃肠道运动的药物

Gastrointestinal or GI motor activity is primarily regulated by the enteric nervous system or ENS, a complex network of nerves embedded within the gut wall.

The ENS responds to changes in the gut environment via inputs from both the autonomic and central nervous systems.

It operates distinct programs to regulate GI motor activity based on the body's nutritional status and needs.

During fasting, the ENS initiates the migrating myoelectric complex, a program of low-frequency electrical activity that sweeps undigested material through the digestive tract.

In the fed state, the ENS drives high-frequency contractions to facilitate nutrient absorption and propel food along the GI tract.

Peristalsis, the rhythmic contraction and relaxation of muscles in the GI tract aids the movement of food and waste.

All these processes are regulated by the ENS, ensuring efficient digestion, nutrient absorption, and GI health.