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Method Article
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The transcriptional heterogeneity within human adipose-derived stromal cells can be defined on the single cell level using cell surface markers and osteogenic genes. We describe a protocol utilizing flow cytometry for the isolation of cell subpopulations with increased osteogenic potential, which may be used to enhance craniofacial skeletal reconstruction.
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) are considered the gold standard for stem cell-based tissue engineering applications. However, the process by which they must be harvested can be associated with significant donor site morbidity. In contrast, adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) are more readily abundant and more easily harvested, making them an appealing alternative to BM-MSCs. Like BM-MSCs, ASCs can differentiate into osteogenic lineage cells and can be used in tissue engineering applications, such as seeding onto scaffolds for use in craniofacial skeletal defects. ASCs are obtained from the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) of digested adipose tissue, which is a heterogeneous mixture of ASCs, vascular endothelial and mural cells, smooth muscle cells, pericytes, fibroblasts, and circulating cells. Flow cytometric analysis has shown that the surface marker profile for ASCs is similar to that for BM-MSCs. Despite several published reports establishing markers for the ASC phenotype, there is still a lack of consensus over profiles identifying osteoprogenitor cells in this heterogeneous population. This protocol describes how to isolate and use a subpopulation of ASCs with enhanced osteogenic capacity to repair critical-sized calvarial defects.
The heterogeneous nature of stem cell populations is not yet fully understood and remains a major impediment to the development of clinically effective stem cell-based therapeutic applications. One of the most common ways to characterize a heterogeneous population of stem cells is to employ a cell sorting method, such as fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), to separate cells based on their surface marker expression profiles. As sorting methods become more complex, it becomes possible to identify more distinct functional subpopulations of cells. Microfluidic-based technologies are becoming more and more frequently utilized in analysis of gene expression at the single cell level. Multiplexed quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) within a microfluidic chip allows for effective and reliable high-resolution, single cell transcriptional analysis.1-5
In a previous study using single cell transcriptional profiling of 48 genes, considerable transcriptional heterogeneity was observed among ASCs.6 However, the distribution of genes MSX2, BMP-5, BMP-7, ALP, OCN, RUNX2 exhibited a strong association with a cluster of cells possessing highly osteogenic transcriptional profiles. To isolate cells according to this osteogenic gene expression profile, surface antigen expression patterns were correlated with transcription patterns and surface marker expression of endoglin (CD105) was subsequently discovered to closely correlate with enhanced osteogenic differentiation potential of ASCs. Independent of CD105 expression, expression of surface receptor Thy-1 (CD90), a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-linked membrane protein previously shown by Chen et al. to be associated with osteoprogenitor cells, was also correlated with osteogenic gene expression.6,7 These findings provide the opportunity to prospectively isolate subpopulations within the larger heterogeneous pool of ASCs with increased osteogenic capacity for cell-based bone tissue engineering applications.
注:所有患者的样品与知情同意而获得的,和实验方案进行了审查并批准了斯坦福大学的机构审查委员会(议定书#2188和#9999)。
1.细胞分离培养:
2.染色
3.荧光激活细胞分选
注意:下面的步骤强制以前的知识在荧光激活细胞分选(FACS)或熟练的技术人员的协助。
使用CD90作为标记的细胞具有增强成骨结果在人的ASC( 图1A,1B)的高度富集的群体的隔离。携带者沾满太平洋蓝偶联的抗人CD45,FITC缀合的抗人类CD105,和APC缀合的抗人CD90。排序后,纯度水平大于98%,如通过量化后的排序分析。
定义的基础上允许两种新型亚群的前瞻性孤立转录谱细胞群体。表征每个亚群有前途的(CD90 +和CD105 低 )的成骨潜力,...
目前,来自人体脂肪组织的SVF的ASC的均质亚群的分离仍然虽然期望目标的一个具有挑战性的。亲骨ASC亚隔离是特别理想的,因为这样的细胞可用于研究骨骼肌组织的形成和稳态。然而,脂肪组织的SVF窝藏显著异质对于干细胞的能力和分化潜能。11这种异质性的分子基础,不能从细胞的混合种群的理解,而是需要单细胞分析12用这种方法,表面标志物与先进的结构陶瓷的成骨分化能?...
没有一个作者有经济利益的任何产品,设备,还是在这个手稿中提到的药物。没有一个作家有任何竞争的财务权益报告。
这项研究是由卫生研究院资助R01-DE021683-01与健康研究资助R01-DE019434来MTL国家机构的国家机构的支持;霍华德·休斯医学研究所研究奖学金,以MTCDCW由ACS富兰克林·马丁教授研究奖学金,该Hagey实验室小儿再生医学和斯坦福大学儿童健康研究所教授学者奖的支持。
Name | Company | Catalog Number | Comments |
Disposable 250 ml Conical Tubes | Corning (Thomas Scientific) | 2602A43 | |
Penicillin-Streptomycin (10,000 U/ml) | Gibco | 15140-122 | |
DMEM, high glucose, GlutaMAX Supplement | Gibco | 10566-016 | |
PBS, pH 7.4 | Gibco | 10010-023 | |
Betadine - Antiseptic Povidone/Iodine Solution | Purdue | PFC-67618015017 | |
Hank's Balanced Salt Solution, 1X | Cellgro | 21-023-CV | |
Fetal Bovine Serum, Certified, US Origin | Gibco | 16000-044 | |
Collagenase from Clostridium histolyticum | Sigma-Aldrich | C0130-5G | |
ACCUTASE Cell Detachment Solution | Stem Cell Technologies | 7920 | |
APC Mouse Anti-Human CD90 | BD Pharmingen | 559869 | |
FITC Mouse anti-Human CD105 (Endoglin) | BD Pharmingen | 561443 | |
Anti-Human CD45 eFluor 450 (Pacific Blue replacement) | eBioscience | 48-9459-41 | |
Anti-Human CD34 APC | eBioscience | 17-0349-41 | |
Anti-Human CD31 (PECAM-1) PE | eBioscience | 12-0319-41 | |
Streptavidin PE-Cy7 | eBioscience | 25-4317-82 | |
BD FACS Aria II instrument | BD Biosciences | ||
BD FACSDiva Software | BD Biosciences |
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