The authors declare that they have no competing financial interests.

动物被容纳在阻挡病原体的分类设施。所有的动物都得到人性的关怀符合“校长实验动物照护”，被国家由全国社会医学研究“和”指南编制的国家科学院实验动物“的护理和使用制定并公布卫生研究院（NIH公开号86-23，修订1985）。所有的实验都是由奥地利教育部，科学和文化的批准。 1，收件人准备<ol><li>麻醉受体动物与肌肉注射甲苯噻嗪（5毫克/千克体重）和氯胺酮（100毫克/公斤体重）的。 </li><li>取下动物的颈外侧区的所有头发，擦洗术野用chlorhexdine三次。 </li><li>把鼠标在术野仰卧位。 </li><li>接下来做一个皮肤切口从颈INC8525.10.40.00-0到右下颌骨。 </li><li>随后，直截了当地调动了右颈外静脉（合资企业）与结扎线划分的分支。 </li><li>再除以结扎并确保留出足够的长度，以外翻近端残端在袖口身体之间的合资企业。 </li><li>接着取出颌下腺右叶。 </li><li>对于静脉吻合穿过聚乙烯袖口的合资企业的近端，并修复它在用微钳压脉袋的把手。 </li><li>除去结扎线在容器的端部，外翻的管腔通过压脉袋，并用8-0丝环（ 图1a）固定。 </li><li>随后横切右胸锁乳突肌与双极烧灼来访问颈总动脉。 </li><li>下一动员颈总动脉和切断连字之间的容器。 </li><li>下一动员颈总动脉和切断连字之间的容器。 </li><li>通过DIS通过袖口的容器TAL结束，并修复它与动脉夹。 </li><li>除去结扎线在容器的端部，并使用血管扩张器扩张的管腔。接下来，在类似于实施的合资企业，外翻的动脉上的压脉袋，并用8-0丝环固定。 </li></ol> 2，心脏采购<ol><li>麻醉供体小鼠的肌肉注射甲苯噻嗪（5毫克/千克体重）和氯胺酮（100毫克/公斤体重）的。然后取出动物的腹部区域的所有头发。使用chlorhexdine擦洗手术视野三次。如先前所描述的小鼠在手术视野仰卧位下位。 </li><li>下面正中腹部切口，收回了棉条的左侧内脏，以暴露下腔静脉（IVC）。 </li><li>注入400微升的1:4肝素钠溶液注入下腔静脉的肝素。 </li><li>在颅获得ACC进行开胸手术和折叠前胸壁ESS心脏。 </li><li>接着，取出胸腺和使排气中的左侧和右侧上腔静脉切口。 </li><li>随后，灌注心脏在逆行的方式与4摄氏度HTK在头臂分支的级解决方案的主动脉弓有27G的注射器插管。 </li><li>结扎劣质和上腔静脉与8-0丝绸和远端它们划分到连字。 </li><li>下一个分割的主动脉弓，在先前的插管的水平和解剖游离肺动脉干并把它作为远远侧越好。 </li><li>随后，配合肺静脉与散装结扎远端它们划分到连字。 </li><li>最后，从供体部位取出心脏，将其存储在4摄氏度HTK液（ 图1b）。 </li></ol> 3，植入<ol><li>将心脏移植的受体颈部处于倒挂位置（ 图1c </strong&gt;）。 </li><li>接着拉心脏的肺动脉干上收件人的静脉袖套结构和丝绸循环（ 图1d）修复它。 </li><li>进行接枝的主动脉和受体动物中的相同的方式（ 图1e）的外翻动脉之间的吻合。 </li><li>接着，除去静脉夹紧第一，其次是动脉夹。心脏的再灌注，并开始在1-2分钟跳动。再灌注期间，用温水（35摄氏度），生理盐水滋润的心脏。 </li><li>最后关闭手术伤口用6-0连续缝线（ 图1E）。 </li></ol> 4，术后护理，端点<ol><li>放弃0.3 ml生理盐水IP术后补液。 </li><li>将加热灯下的动物，直到从麻醉中醒来。 </li><li>一旦醒来，回到动物的地方，他们获得食物和水随意的住房设施。 </li><li>为了弥在第7天术后nimize疼痛管理卡洛芬（4毫克/公斤，每12小时皮下（SC），此外，在手术后右给Buprenorphin（0.1毫克/千克），每12小时5天。 </li><li>获得每个收件人的动物每周的重量（克），以评估适当的营养摄入。如果有超过10-15％的重量损失的证据相比，体重在手术至今，冷漠，致残或非常弯曲背部，使用终端异氟醚吸入达到临床终点前牺牲的动物。也牺牲动物后，心脏已被拒绝。 </li></ol>

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H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+technique+of+cervical+heterotopic+heart+transplantation+in+mice.">A technique of cervical heterotopic heart transplantation in mice.</a> Transplantation. 52, 1099-1101 (1991).</li><li>Huang, X., Chen, D., Chen, L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=[A+modified+model+of+cervical+heterotopic+cardiac+transplantation+for+chronic+rejection+research].">[A modified model of cervical heterotopic cardiac transplantation for chronic rejection research].</a> Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi. 22, 1508-1510 (2008).</li><li>Hasegawa, T., Visovatti, S. H., Hyman, M. C., Hayasaki, T., Pinsky, D. 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Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Suppression+of+murine+cardiac+allograft+arteriopathy+by+long-term+blockade+of+CD40-CD154+interactions.">Suppression of murine cardiac allograft arteriopathy by long-term blockade of CD40-CD154 interactions.</a> Circulation. 105, 1609-1614 (2002).</li><li>Matsuura, A., Abe, T., Yasuura, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Simplified+mouse+cervical+heart+transplantation+using+a+cuff+technique.">Simplified mouse cervical heart transplantation using a cuff technique.</a> Transplantation. 51, 896-898 (1991).</li><li>Tomita, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Improved+technique+of+heterotopic+cervical+heart+transplantation+in+mice.">Improved technique of heterotopic cervical heart transplantation in mice.</a> Transplantation. 64, 1598-1601 (1997).</li><li>Zhou, Y., Gu, X., Xiang, J., Qian, S., Chen, Z. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+comparative+study+on+suture+versus+cuff+anastomosis+in+mouse+cervical+cardiac+transplant.">A comparative study on suture versus cuff anastomosis in mouse cervical cardiac transplant.</a> Exp Clin Transplant. 8, 245-249 (2010).</li><li>Corry, R. J., Winn, H. J., Russell, P. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Primarily+vascularized+allografts+of+hearts+in+mice.+The+role+of+H-2D,+H-2K,+and+non-H-2+antigens+in+rejection.">Primarily vascularized allografts of hearts in mice. The role of H-2D, H-2K, and non-H-2 antigens in rejection.</a> Transplantation. 16, 343-350 (1973).</li><li>Kamada, N., Calne, R. Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Orthotopic+liver+transplantation+in+the+rat.+Technique+using+cuff+for+portal+vein+anastomosis+and+biliary+drainage.">Orthotopic liver transplantation in the rat. Technique using cuff for portal vein anastomosis and biliary drainage.</a> Transplantation. 28, 47-50 (1979).</li><li>Zimmermann, F. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Techniques+for+orthotopic+liver+transplantation+in+the+rat+and+some+studies+of+the+immunologic+responses+to+fully+allogeneic+liver+grafts.">Techniques for orthotopic liver transplantation in the rat and some studies of the immunologic responses to fully allogeneic liver grafts.</a> Transplant Proc. 11, 571-577 (1979).</li><li>Maglione, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Donor+pretreatment+with+tetrahydrobiopterin+saves+pancreatic+isografts+from+ischemia+reperfusion+injury+in+a+mouse+model.">Donor pretreatment with tetrahydrobiopterin saves pancreatic isografts from ischemia reperfusion injury in a mouse model.</a> Am J Transplant. 10, 2231-2240 (2010).</li><li>Heron, I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+technique+for+accessory+cervical+heart+transplantation+in+rabbits+and+rats.">A technique for accessory cervical heart transplantation in rabbits and rats.</a> Actapathologica et microbiologica Scandinavica Section A, Pathology. 79, 366-372 (1971).</li></ol>

This study has been supported by grant #207 of the &#8220;Medizinischer Forschungsfond Tirol&#8221;, grant #2010022010 of the &#8220;MUI-START F&#246;rderungsprogramm&#8221; of the Innsbruck Medical University.

血管移植物排斥反应蕴涵A过多的只能用体外模型无法充分评估不同的步骤。像收件人的敏化作用，抗原加工在次级淋巴器官，而且免疫感受态细胞的分化和增殖的现象是较好表征的体内 。动物模型，从而为翻译研究16的理想工具。小鼠模型仍然代表了基本的移植和免疫学研究的黄金标准，因为各种转基因和基因敲除小鼠是可用的，并且有大量的免疫和诊断工具已经开发专门?...

心脏移植代表的首选治疗患者不同的终末期心脏疾病的人。在外科手术技术，感染的更有效的预防，以及新颖的免疫抑制方案的进步导致器官移植6的显着改善的结果。然而，移植物长期存活并没有严格的改进，在过去几年7。慢性排斥反应，其特征在于，移植动脉硬化仍然是一个主要障碍移植物长期存活8-11。 异位心脏移植小鼠模型提供了免疫机制急性分析过程中一个重要而有效的工具，以及慢性排斥12-15。 到目前为止，最常见的移植模型仍然使用缝合技术腹部小鼠心脏移植。供体心脏的升主动脉的吻合了Abdominal主动脉与肺动脉吻合收件人的下腔静脉。多的缝合模式的显微难度是基于血管，这是缝合16,17的小尺寸。 与此相反的缝合模型的心脏被放置在外部颈静脉吻合肺动脉和普通颈动脉供体的主动脉接受者的颈部区域。 颈部心脏移植模型采用套管法的发展的理论基础是有一个动物模型，这使得实现高成功率基本显微外科技能，使这种模式的广泛应用。该方法的主要优点是显著较少发生吻合时相比，缝合模型18相关的像出血和血栓形成并发症。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Yasargil Clip Mini Permanent 7mm</td>
			<td>Aesculap</td>
			<td>FE720K</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Micro vessel clip</td>
			<td>S &#38; T</td>
			<td>B1 00396 V</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microscissor</td>
			<td>FST</td>
			<td>14075-11</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td rowspan="2">Vesseldilatator</td>
			<td rowspan="2">S &#38; T</td>
			<td rowspan="2">D-5a.2 00125</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microforceps</td>
			<td>FST</td>
			<td>Dumont 11271- 30</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Clipapplicator</td>
			<td>S &#38; T</td>
			<td>CAF-4 00072</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microvessel clip</td>
			<td>S &#38; T</td>
			<td>B1 00396 V</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

murine cervical heart transplantation model using a modified cuff technique

<html>小鼠模型是因为各种各样的单克隆抗体的研究特别感兴趣，并规定商业自交系和基因敲除菌株可以在体内研究进行机械。虽然首次研制成功的心脏移植模型使用缝合技术，翻译成同样广泛使用的小鼠等同由于显微操作的技术复杂性是从来没有实现。与此相反，非缝合袖口技术，还大鼠开发起初，成功地适合于在小鼠1-3使用。这种技术血运重建包括两个主要步骤一）外翻收件人器中的聚乙烯袖口;二）拉在原外翻受区血管的供体船，并与圆周领带拿着到位。这确保了内皮细胞层，手术时间短和非常高的通畅率4的连续性。 T“&gt;使用这种技术的血管吻合我们进行了1000余异位心脏移植手术有95％的成功率。动脉流入颈总动脉和近端主动脉弓进行吻合导致移植心脏的逆行灌注。用于静脉引流的接枝的肺动脉吻合与接受者5的外颈静脉。 在此，我们提供这种技术，以补充视频的额外细节。

图2示出了从BALB / c小鼠供体移植心脏移植后的存活代表数据转换成完全MHC错配的C57BL / 6的收件人。心中都拒绝在移植后7±1天。移植的同种异体移植物的手指触诊是一个敏感的方法来检测移植排斥反应的时间依赖性过程。在我们的系列中执行的所有同种心脏移植存活下去（&gt; 150天）。 <img alt="图1" src="/files/ftp_upload/50753/50753fig1highres.jpg"...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Murine Cervical Heart Transplantation Model Using a Modified Cuff Technique at JoVE.com

Murine Cervical Heart Transplantation Model Using a Modified Cuff Technique

鼠异位心脏移植模型非常适合于免疫学以及缺血再灌注损伤的研究。我们使用非缝合袖口技术改性的方法，用这种方法进行的1000多个成功的移植。 在此，我们提供这种技术，以补充视频的额外细节。

用改进的袖套法小鼠颈部心脏移植模型

Mouse models are of special interest in research since a wide variety of monoclonal antibodies and commercially defined inbred and knockout strains are ...

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13.7K 次观看.  Innsbruck Medical University. 鼠异位心脏移植模型非常适合于免疫学以及缺血再灌注损伤的研究。我们使用非缝合袖口技术改性的方法，用这种方法进行的1000多个成功的移植。 在此，我们提供这种技术，以补充视频的额外细节。 

视频: Murine Cervical Heart Transplantation Model Using a Modified Cuff Technique

Murine Model of Wound Healing

Wound healing and repair are the most complex biological processes that occur in human life. After injury, multiple biological pathways become activated. Impaired wound healing, which occurs in diabetic patients for example, can lead to severe unfavorable outcomes such as amputation. There is, therefore, an increasing impetus to develop novel agents that promote wound repair. The testing of these has been limited to large animal models such as swine, which are often impractical. Mice represent the ideal preclinical model, as they are economical and amenable to genetic manipulation, which allows for mechanistic investigation. However, wound healing in a mouse is fundamentally different to that of humans as it primarily occurs via contraction. Our murine model overcomes this by incorporating a splint around the wound. By splinting the wound, the repair process is then dependent on epithelialization, cellular proliferation and angiogenesis, which closely mirror the biological processes of human wound healing. Whilst requiring consistency and care, this murine model does not involve complicated surgical techniques and allows for the robust testing of promising agents that may, for example, promote angiogenesis or inhibit inflammation. Furthermore, each mouse acts as its own control as two wounds are prepared, enabling the application of both the test compound and the vehicle control on the same animal. In conclusion, we demonstrate a practical, easy-to-learn, and robust model of wound healing, which is comparable to that of humans.

A murine model of cutaneous wound healing that can be used to assess therapeutic compounds in physiological and pathophysiological settings.

伤口愈合的小鼠模型

Wound healing and repair are the most complex biological processes that occur in human life. After injury, multiple biological pathways become activated. ...

科研

医学

Murine Heterotopic Heart Transplant Technique

It is now over forty years since this technique was first reported by Corry, Wynn and Russell. Although it took some years for other labs to become proficient in and utilize this technique, it is now widely used by many laboratories around the world. A significant refinement to the original technique was developed and reported in 2001 by Niimi. Described here are the techniques that have evolved over more than a decade in the hands of three surgeons (Plenter, Grazia, Pietra) in our center. These techniques are now being passed on to a younger generation of surgeons and researchers.
Based largely on the Niimi experience, the procedures used have evolved in the fine details - details which we will endeavor to relate here in such a way that others may be able to use this very useful model. Like Niimi, we have found that a video aid to learning is a priceless resource for the beginner.

The manuscript describes the steps required to perform the heterotopic heart transplant in the mouse.

小鼠异位心脏移植技术

It is now over forty years since this technique was first reported by Corry, Wynn and Russell. Although it took some years for other labs to become ...

Transplantation of Pulmonary Valve Using a Mouse Model of Heterotopic Heart Transplantation

Tissue engineered heart valves, especially decellularized valves, are starting to gain momentum in clinical use of reconstructive surgery with mixed results. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the neotissue development, valve thickening, and stenosis development are not researched extensively. To answer the above questions, we developed a murine heterotopic heart valve transplantation model. A heart valve was harvested from a valve donor mouse and transplanted to a heart donor mouse. The heart with a new valve was transplanted heterotopically to a recipient mouse. The transplanted heart showed its own heartbeat, independent of the recipient&#8217;s heartbeat. The blood flow was quantified using a high frequency ultrasound system with a pulsed wave Doppler. The flow through the implanted pulmonary valve showed forward flow with minimal regurgitation and the peak flow was close to 100 mm/sec. This murine model of heart valve transplantation is highly versatile, so it can be modified and adapted to provide different hemodynamic environments and/or can be used with various transgenic mice to study neotissue development in a tissue engineered heart valve.

In order to understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying neotissue formation and stenosis development in tissue engineered heart valves, a murine model of heterotopic heart valve transplantation was developed. A pulmonary heart valve was transplanted to recipient using the heterotopic heart transplantation technique.

肺动脉瓣使用异位心脏移植小鼠模型移植

Tissue engineered heart valves, especially decellularized valves, are starting to gain momentum in clinical use of reconstructive surgery with mixed ...

Murine Corneal Transplantation: A Model to Study the Most Common Form of Solid Organ Transplantation

Corneal transplantation is the most common form of organ transplantation in the United States with between 45,000 and 55,000 procedures performed each year. While several animal models exist for this procedure and mice are the species that is most commonly used. The reasons for using mice are the relative cost of using this species, the existence of many genetically defined strains that allow for the study of immune responses, and the existence of an extensive array of reagents that can be used to further define responses in this species. This model has been used to define factors in the cornea that are responsible for the relative immune privilege status of this tissue that enables corneal allografts to survive acute rejection in the absence of immunosuppressive therapy. It has also been used to define those factors that are most important in rejection of such allografts. Consequently, much of what we know concerning mechanisms of both corneal allograft acceptance and rejection are due to studies using a murine model of corneal transplantation. In addition to describing a model for acute corneal allograft rejection, we also present for the first time a model of late-term corneal allograft rejection.

Mice have been used as a model for studying many forms of transplantation, including corneal transplantation. We describe in this report a murine model for both acute and late-term corneal transplantation.

小鼠角膜移植模型，研究实体器官移植的最常见形式

Corneal transplantation is the most common form of organ transplantation in the United States with between 45,000 and 55,000 procedures performed each ...

Heterotopic Cervical Heart Transplantation in Mice

The heterotopic cervical heart transplantation in mice is a valuable tool in transplant and cardiovascular research. The cuff technique greatly simplifies this model by avoiding challenging suture anastomoses of small vessels thereby reducing warm ischemia time. In comparison to abdominal graft implantation the cervical model is less invasive and the implanted graft is easily accessible for further follow-up examinations. Anastomoses are performed by pulling the ascending aorta of the graft over the cuff with the recipient&#8217;s common carotid artery and by pulling the main pulmonary artery over the cuff with the external jugular vein. Selection of appropriate cuff size and complete mobilization of the vessels are important for successful revascularization. Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury can be minimized by perfusing the graft with a cardioplegic solution and by hypothermia. In this article, we provide technical details for a simplified and improved cuff technique, which should allow surgeons with basic microsurgical skills to perform the procedure with a high success rate.

The cuff technique shortens and facilitates the model of heterotopic cervical heart transplantation in mice by avoiding technically challenging suture anastomoses of small vessels. The technical details shown in this video paper should allow researches to establish this model in their laboratories.

颈椎异位心脏移植小鼠

The heterotopic cervical heart transplantation in mice is a valuable tool in transplant and cardiovascular research. The cuff technique greatly simplifies ...

Using the Sleeve Technique in a Mouse Model of Aortic Transplantation - An Instructional Video

Orthotopic aortic transplantation using the sleeve technique reduces injury to the aorta with failure rate of only 10-20%. The time to anastomose the aorta in mice using the sleeve method was short and easy averaging 20 min, permitting studies of iso/allo grafts. The following article describes the aortic transplantation procedure used in our laboratory. The mice were anesthetized with a mixture of 1.5% volume isoflurane and 100% oxygen through a face mask. At this point, the segment of the aorta between the renal arteries and its bifurcation was separated from the vena cava, freely prepared and clampedat the proximal and distal segments with a single silk suture. Prior to the removal of the aorta, a saline solution containing heparin was injected into the inferior vena cava. Then the aorta was cut between the clamps and a saline heparin solution was used to flush the lumen. The sleeve technique with monofilament sutures was used in order to transplant the abdominal aorta in the orthotopic position.

We present an orthotopic aortic transplantation model using the sleeve technique in mice. It is a very rapid anastomosis method, which can be employed in studies of vascular disease.

套筒技术在主动脉移植小鼠模型中的应用-教学视频

Orthotopic aortic transplantation using the sleeve technique reduces injury to the aorta with failure rate of only 10-20%. The time to anastomose the ...

Mouse Model for Pancreas Transplantation Using a Modified Cuff Technique

Mouse models have several advantages in transplantation research, including easy handling, a variety of genetically well-defined strains, and the availability of the widest range of molecular probes and reagents to perform in vivo as well as in vitro studies. Based on our experience with various murine transplantation models, we developed a heterotopic pancreas transplantation model in mice with the intent to analyze mechanisms underlying severe ischemia reperfusion injury-associated early graft damage. In contrast to previously described techniques using suture techniques, herein we describe a new procedure using a non-suture cuff technique. 
In recent years, we have performed more than 300 pancreas transplantations in mice with an overall success rate of &gt;90%, a success rate never described before in mouse pancreas transplantation. The backbone of this non-suture cuff technique for graft revascularization consists of two major steps: (I) pulling the recipient vessel over a polyethylene/polyamide cuff and fixing it with a circumferential ligature, and (II) placing the donor vessel over the everted recipient vessel and fixing it with a second circumferential ligature. The resultant continuity of the endothelial layer results in less thrombogenic lesions with high patency rates and, finally, high success rates.
In this model, arterial anastomosis is achieved by pulling the abdominal aorta of the donor graft over the everted common carotid artery of the recipient animal. Venous drainage of the graft is achieved by pulling the portal vein of the graft over the everted external jugular vein of the recipient. This manuscript provides details and crucial steps of the organ recovery and organ implantation procedures, which will allow researchers with microsurgical skills to perform the transplantation successfully in their laboratories.

Among abdominal solid organ transplantation, pancreatic grafts are prone to develop severe ischemia reperfusion injury-associated graft damage, leading eventually to early graft loss. This protocol describes a model of murine pancreas transplantation using a non-suture cuff technique, ideally suited for analyzing these early, deleterious damages.

应用改良袖套技术的小鼠胰腺移植模型

Mouse models have several advantages in transplantation research, including easy handling, a variety of genetically well-defined strains, and the ...

A Pre-Clinical Porcine Model of Orthotopic Heart Transplantation

Fifty-years following the first successful report, cardiac transplantation remains the gold-standard treatment for eligible patients with advanced heart failure. Multiple small-animal models of heart transplantation have been used to study the acute and long-term effects of novel therapies. However, few are tested and demonstrated success in clinical trials. It is of critical importance to evaluate new therapies in a clinically relevant large-animal model for efficient and reliable translation of basic studies&#39;&#160;findings. Here, we describe a pre-clinical large-animal (porcine) model of orthotopic heart transplantation that has been firmly established and previously used to investigate novel cardioprotective strategies. This procedure focuses on acute ischemia-reperfusion injury and is a reliable method to investigate novel interventions which have been tested and validated in smaller experimental models, such as the murine model. We demonstrate its usefulness in assessing cardiac performance during the early post-transplantation period and other potential possibilities enabled by the model.

Here, we describe a pre-clinical large-animal (porcine) model of orthotopic heart transplantation that has been firmly established and utilized to investigate novel cardioprotective strategies.

正交心脏移植的临床前猪模型

Fifty-years following the first successful report, cardiac transplantation remains the gold-standard treatment for eligible patients with advanced heart ...

Murine Cervical Aortic Transplantation Model using a Modified Non-Suture Cuff Technique

With the introduction of powerful immunosuppressive protocols, distinct advances are possible in the prevention and therapy of acute rejection episodes. However, only minor improvement in the long-term results of transplanted solid organs could be observed over the past decades. In this context, chronic allograft vasculopathy (CAV) still represents the leading cause of late organ failure in cardiac, renal and pulmonary transplantation.
Thus far, the underlying pathogenesis of CAV development remains unclear, explaining why effective treatment strategies are presently missing and emphasizing a need for relevant experimental models in order to study the underlying pathophysiology leading to CAV formation. The following protocol describes a murine heterotopic cervical aortic transplantation model using a modified non-suture cuff technique. In this technique, a segment of the thoracic aorta is interpositioned in the right common carotid artery. With the use of the non-suture cuff technique, an easy to learn and reproducible model can be established, minimizing the possible heterogeneity of sutured vascular micro anastomoses.

Here, we present a protocol of heterotopic aortic transplantation in mice using the non-suture cuff technique in a cervical murine model. This model can be used to study the underlying pathology of chronic allograft vasculopathy (CAV) and can help evaluate new therapeutic agents in order to prevent its formation.

使用改性非缝合铐技术的宫颈主动脉移植模型

With the introduction of powerful immunosuppressive protocols, distinct advances are possible in the prevention and therapy of acute rejection episodes. ...

A Simplified Model for Heterotopic Heart Valve Transplantation in Rodents

There is an urgent clinical need for heart valve replacements that can grow in children. Heart valve transplantation is proposed as a new type of transplant with the potential to deliver durable heart valves capable of somatic growth with no requirement for anticoagulation. However, the immunobiology of heart valve transplants remains unexplored, highlighting the need for animal models to study this new type of transplant. Previous rat models for heterotopic aortic valve transplantation into the abdominal aorta have been described, though they are technically challenging and costly. For addressing this challenge, a renal subcapsular transplant model was developed in rodents as a practical and more straightforward method for studying heart valve transplant immunobiology. In this model, a single aortic valve leaflet is harvested and inserted into the renal subcapsular space. The kidney is easily accessible, and the transplanted tissue is securely contained in a subcapsular space that is well vascularized and can accommodate a variety of tissue sizes. Furthermore, because a single rat can provide three donor aortic leaflets and a single kidney can provide multiple sites for transplanted tissue, fewer rats are required for a given study. Here, the transplantation technique is described, providing a significant step forward in studying the transplant immunology of heart valve transplantation.

This protocol describes a simple and efficient method for the transplantation of aortic valve leaflets under the renal capsule to allow for the study of alloreactivity of heart valves.