1对N，N&#39;的合成1 - （烷-1，N-二基）diisonicotinamide <ol><li>干燥烘箱中（100℃，1小时）一个单颈或三颈圆底烧瓶中，以确保除去所有水分。 </li><li>添加固体异烟酸，或其衍生物，以连同磁力搅拌棒的烧瓶中。如果二氨基配体（S）的固体在室温下，然后0.5摩尔（以异烟酸的摩尔数）加入到烧瓶中，在这个阶段。 </li><li>帽用橡胶隔片烧瓶的颈部（次），要么通过连续的氮气流中或通过使用氮气填充的气球代替空气与氮气的烧瓶中。 </li><li>用皮下注射针和注射器添加无水二甲基甲酰胺或二甲亚砜（每500毫克异烟酸，2 - 甲基 - 异烟酸4毫升）以溶解固体。如果固体不容易溶解，然后轻轻加热溶液。 </li><li>新增7摩尔当量（以一安装三乙胺（弱碱）和二氨基烷烃0.5摩尔当量使用异烟酸）的。如果溶液是液体在室温下，再加入1.5摩尔当量。 </li><li>添加1 - 丙基膦酸酐（偶联剂）1摩尔当量在连续搅拌下，让反应完成超过5-12小时。 </li></ol>的配体的2。纯化<ol><li>对于双吡啶配体用二氨基配有10个以上亚甲基制成，等待产品从溶液中沉淀随着反应的进行。 </li><li>使用二氨基联吡啶配体的制造中，在约40毫升的水沉淀产物。 </li><li>使用五点五十八亚甲基基团的二氨基烷烃双吡啶制成，添加〜40毫升的水，并允许该化合物结晶过1-3天。 </li><li>通过真空过滤收集每个双吡啶配体及由约400-500毫升沸水重结晶，每200毫克配体。注：需要，因为它们大大减少水中的溶解度越长双吡啶配体更多的水。 </li><li>添加NaOH和KOH（pH为9）的溶液，以确保化合物是经重结晶游离碱。 </li></ol> 3，合成了双核铂配合物的纯化<ol><li>充分溶解反式 diamminodichloridoplatinum（II）中，transplatin，在热的（70-80℃）水（每200毫克transplatin 150毫升）中，以产生清晰的强黄色溶液。 </li><li>添加双吡啶配体的0.5摩尔当量和搅拌溶液在温度，直到配体溶解（透明溶液）。等待该溶液转接近无色，关火，并在室温下搅拌了几个额外小时。 </li><li>通过旋转蒸发除去溶剂，将得到黄色粉末。 </li><li>净化，铂络合物（ES）溶解在温水的最低金额（〜50＆＃186，C）。如果剩余的黄色或白色的固体都存在，然后过滤这些了。 </li><li>加丙酮至这似乎是金属配合物的聚合形式，并代表最多的反应产物的10％，直至白色沉淀物形成的溶液。继续加入丙酮（〜额外20-30毫升），直至没有更多的沉淀出现。注意：此白色沉淀物是杂质。 </li><li>通过尼龙滤纸（0.2微米孔径）和旋转剩余的溶液至干，将得到的纯品的蒸发过滤的内容中移除该沉淀物。注：如有必要，可直到复杂的是纯粹的进行再额外丙酮沉淀步骤。 </li></ol>

<ol>
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作者什么都没有透露。

在此工作的双核铂络合物合成了作为潜在的抗癌药物。这样做是通过使用异烟酸和可变长度的二氨基烷烃酰胺偶联反应合成的双吡啶桥连配体。先前的双吡啶配体和其甲基类似物具有2至8个亚甲基基团和它们各自的铂配合物的合成已有报道。在本文中，合成和纯化方法已修订，使其更快，更便宜，已经证明了这一点通过合成双吡啶配体与8，10和12的亚甲基（最短与八亚甲基，彪，被做了比较新的纯...

铂抗癌药物残留的药物在人类癌症的治疗1最广泛使用的家庭中的一个。尽管取得了成功，它们在各自的应用程序有严重的剂量限制性副作用2-4限制。有限的剂量可给予患者也意味着肿瘤可产生耐药性5。因此，新的药物不断被开发以改善的副作用特性和克服获得性抗性，如phenanthriplatin 6和phosphaplatin 7。 20世纪90年代后期，三核铂类药物的开发，BBR3464（ 方案1）8，比领先的铂类药物，顺铂在体外高达1000倍以上的细胞毒性。 BBR3464也能够克服获得抗性的人类肿瘤细胞株9的面板。不幸的是，BBR3464的活性增加匹配由50 - 100 - 倍的毒性，这限制了它的使用10-12。它也易于降解在体内，这意味着该药物很少到达肿瘤细胞核完好9。 吡铂是一种单核铂为基础的药物，其中包含2 -甲基-吡啶配体（ 方案1）13。这种药物的甲基保护它免受攻击生物亲核试剂;特别是半胱氨酸和含有肽/蛋白质14-16蛋氨酸。因此，该药物是相当稳定的，并具有高得多的浓度与两个BBR3464，顺铂17相比到达癌的细胞核。它的反应性降低也意味着吡具有较高的最大耐受剂量与BBR3464，顺铂10,18,19比较。 因此，该项目旨在结合BBR3464和吡铂的属性，以产生新的药物，是能够克服的获得性耐药的显示改进的生物稳定性和不太严重的副作用EFFE仙（ 例如 ， 图1）。在这样做时，制备了双吡啶桥联配体20的范围内的双核铂络合物。的配位体使用的酰胺偶联反应，用异烟酸，或如2 - 甲基 - 异烟酸，可变长度的二氨基烷烃及其衍生物制成。的配位体的1摩尔当量与transplatin的2摩尔当量反应得到所需的铂络合物（ 方案1）。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="782">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:297px;">D2O</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Aldrich</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:159px;">151882</td>
			<td style="width:152px;">99.9% D</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:297px;">DMSO-d6</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Aldrich</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:159px;">156914</td>
			<td style="width:152px;">99.96% D</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="60">
			<td height="60" style="height:60px;width:297px;">1,8-diaminooctane</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:159px;">D22401</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:152px;">98%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="60">
			<td height="60" style="height:60px;width:297px;">1,10-diaminodecane</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:159px;">D14204</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:152px;">98%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="80">
			<td height="80" style="height:80px;width:297px;">1,12-diaminododecane</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:159px;">D1,640-1</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:152px;">98%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:297px;">Isonicotinic acid</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:159px;">I17508</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:152px;">99%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="120">
			<td height="120" style="height:120px;width:297px;">1-Propylphosphonic anhydride solution</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Aldrich</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:159px;">431303</td>
			<td style="width:152px;">50 wt% in ethyl acetate</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="100">
			<td height="100" style="height:100px;width:297px;">Trans-diaminodichloridoplatinum(II)</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:159px;">P1525</td>
			<td style="width:152px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Dimethylsulfoxide</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:159px;">Z76855</td>
			<td style="width:152px;">&#62;99.9%, anhydrous</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">N,N&#8217;-dimethylformamide</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:159px;">227056</td>
			<td style="width:152px;">99.8%, anhydrous</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Triethylamine</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:159px;">T0886</td>
			<td style="width:152px;">&#62;99%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Nylon filter membranes</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Whatman</td>
			<td style="width:159px;">7402-004</td>
			<td style="width:152px;">Pore size, 0.2 &#181;m</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Equipment</td>
			<td style="width:175px;"></td>
			<td style="width:159px;"></td>
			<td style="width:152px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Magnetic stirring hotplate</td>
			<td style="width:175px;"></td>
			<td style="width:159px;"></td>
			<td style="width:152px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Magnetic stirring bar&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:175px;"></td>
			<td style="width:159px;"></td>
			<td style="width:152px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Round bottom or three neck flask</td>
			<td style="width:175px;"></td>
			<td style="width:159px;"></td>
			<td style="width:152px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:297px;">Rubber septums of sufficient size for chosen round bottom or three neck flask</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">5 mL hypodermic syringes</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Hypodermic needles</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Rubber party ballons</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Rubber bands</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:297px;">A source of N2 gas</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Rotary evaporator</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Drying oven</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">NMR tubes</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">NMR spectrometer</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">500 mL beakers</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Glass or plastic pipettes</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

amide coupling reaction for the synthesis of bispyridine-based ligands and their complexation to platinum as dinuclear anticancer agents

Amide coupling reactions can be used to synthesize bispyridine-based ligands for use as bridging linkers in multinuclear platinum anticancer drugs. Isonicotinic acid, or its derivatives, are coupled to variable length diaminoalkane chains under an inert atmosphere in anhydrous DMF or DMSO with the use of a weak base, triethylamine, and a coupling agent, 1-propylphosphonic anhydride. The products precipitate from solution upon formation or can be precipitated by the addition of water. If desired, the ligands can be further purified by recrystallization from hot water. Dinuclear platinum complex synthesis using the bispyridine ligands is done in hot water using transplatin. The most informative of the chemical characterization techniques to determine the structure and gross purity of both the bispyridine ligands and the final platinum complexes is 1H NMR with particular analysis of the aromatic region of the spectra (7-9 ppm). The platinum complexes have potential application as anticancer agents and the synthesis method can be modified to produce trinuclear and other multinuclear complexes with different hydrogen bonding functionality in the bridging ligand.

的双吡啶配体和它们各自的双核铂络合物的特征在于，用1 H，13 C和195的Pt NMR（ 表1和2），和电喷雾电离质谱法。准确的熔点可以使用差示扫描量热法和纯度最好是通过元素分析的C，H和N的百分含量测定来确定。最普遍使用的是1 H-NMR，因为它是快速和易于使用的，给人以共鸣，能够明确证明成功酰胺耦合和铂协调（ 表1和表2）最终产?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Amide Coupling Reaction for the Synthesis of Bispyridine-based Ligands and Their Complexation to Platinum as Dinuclear Anticancer Agents at JoVE.com

Amide Coupling Reaction for the Synthesis of Bispyridine-based Ligands and Their Complexation to Platinum as Dinuclear Anticancer Agents

这个协议描述了使用异烟酸和二氨基​​烷烃的酰胺偶联反应，以形成适合于在多核铂配合物，其中结合的抗癌药物BBR3464和吡铂方面的合成中使用的桥接配体。

酰胺偶联反应为双吡啶基配体及其络合合成，以白金为双核抗癌药物

Amide coupling reactions can be used to synthesize bispyridine-based ligands for use as bridging linkers in multinuclear platinum anticancer drugs. ...

amide-coupling-reaction-for-synthesis-bispyridine-based-ligands-their

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JoVE Journal

Chemistry

13.8K 次观看.  The University of Sydney. 这个协议描述了使用异烟酸和二氨基​​烷烃的酰胺偶联反应，以形成适合于在多核铂配合物，其中结合的抗癌药物BBR3464和吡铂方面的合成中使用的桥接配体。 