不是由资金支持本次审查。我们thankSanypet温泉（帕多瓦，意大利），用于提供亲切的膳食补充剂和安慰剂在这项研究中使用。我们也感谢圣帕特里尼亚诺社区恳请参与了这项研究通过提供所有的狗。

本临床评价相应计划与欧洲法规（六百〇九分之八十六/ EU）和实验方案是经AIRMO研究中心的伦理和动物福利委员会（AC米兰，意大利）。 1.狗和食物选择<ol><li>随机分为32狗不同品种（7.01±0.20年度[平均值的平均值±标准误差（SEM）; 34.05±1.47千克[平均值±SEM];男12例，女20例），慢性患口臭分为2组，为他们提供与任一所述膳食补充剂或安慰剂在为期30天。 </li><li>确保每只狗接收膳食补充剂或基于动物的体重（公斤）安慰剂的适当剂量，根据制造商的说明。 （ 表1）。 </li><li>经过30天的治疗，确保这两个群体有10天洗出，所有的动物喂养与安慰剂。在......的最后洗出期间，馈送方案为两组被颠倒，使得控制组接受膳食补充剂另外30天，治疗组接受安慰剂。 </li><li>对狗两组，一前一在30天治疗后进行两兽医检查。 </li></ol> 2.气相色谱仪注意:气相色谱仪是测量的挥发性硫化合物（VSC），硫化氢，甲硫醇和二甲基硫醚，它们是口臭的主要致病因素，提供有关测量每种气体的浓度信息的便携式装置。测量每个VSC有助于确定口臭的原因，并评估治疗效果。 <ol><li>使用在第3及4所概述的程序中，检查挥发性硫化合物（VSC）与膳食补充剂治疗前（时间0），10天治疗后（时间10），20天后处理（时间20），并在治疗结束时（时间30）。 </li></ol> 3.气相色谱仪设置<ol><li>打开主开关在设备背面。注:初始屏幕显示文字"测量模式"。 </li><li>按ENTER键选择测量模式。 注:等待被显示在屏幕上，并以稳定的测量设备所需的待机时间被旁边的单词"计数器"显示。当待机时间已经走到了尽头，设备自动准备测量和就绪指示灯亮起。 </li></ol> 4.狗呼气采样和分析<ol><li>运行Data Manager软件。 </li><li>点击"测试"确认"当前状态"为"准备测量"后， </li><li>输入ID，然后点击"选择"。注:显示在窗口的右上角角落的消息。 <ol><li>如果显示的信息是＆＃8220;注入口服气"，开始测量。 </li><li>如果显示的消息是"该设备准备好"，然后等待。 </li></ol></li><li>由1毫升一次性注射器的方法，通过将注射器在狗的唇连合，缓缓地提拉柱塞和去除狗的嘴注射器收集狗的嘴呼吸。 </li><li>调整注射器的体积至1ml。 </li><li>将提供的针的注射器的端部，并打开盖后，通过按压柱塞弹出样品到装置主机上的入口。 注:测量自动启动，READY指示灯熄灭。测量完成在8分钟，并将结果自动显示（显示可以改成"色谱"）。判决书窗口出现在完成测量。测量的历史数据和测量数据可以被显示。 </li><li>按ENTER键存储结果我NTO单位。 注意:数据表示在零件的标准单位每十亿分之一（ppb）和/或毫微克/ 10毫升</li><li>然后等待1分钟，以稳定的设备，并执行新的测量。注:在此时间结束时，指示灯点亮这意味着设备已准备就绪。 </li></ol>

作者什么都没有透露。

口臭是狗的一个共同的问题，代表显著影响了宠物主人的关系19社会心理问题。口臭来源于口腔20，这导致挥发性硫化合物生产内源性和外源性蛋白质底物的微生物代谢，和由其它的因素，包括急性坏死性溃疡性龈炎，感染提取部位，碎片下牙科用具，溃疡，tonsilloliths恶化低21-23卫生。负责口臭生产主剂是革兰氏阴性菌24和 ​​它们的增加与牙菌斑25的增厚。随着特定的饮食良好的口腔卫生可减少微生物负荷的生理水平，减少口臭和避免gengivitis和具有对呼吸26不愉快的效果牙周病。 这种观点是支持我们的STU镝表明，在10天后的膳食补充剂的摄入，全面改善观察29总分32狗（90％）呈现moderateto-严重的恶臭，并在评价结束时，19个29狗（65％ ）谁取得了进步获得了稳定的生理条件有关安防监控浓度。 我们的调查基本上是引进的鱼水解蛋白，鼠尾草， 黑穗醋栗L.，百里香，溶菌酶，蜂胶，生物类黄酮和维生素C的每日营养时间表拉刀膳食补充剂狗随呼气恶臭的可能管理的非常有趣的问题。这些化合物中，广泛应用在传统医学，已经被证明在体外和在体内有效。 具体地，鱼蛋白被选择先前色谱研究的基础上而指出的硫化氢，甲硫醇，乙烷大量的存在于硫醇，二甲基硫醚，环硫乙烷在牛肉蛋白质27。文献研究还表明鼠尾草和黑茶藨子的L的抗微生物活性。针对这是已知的的口服病原体之一（连同牙龈卟啉和白色念珠菌 ）负责口臭和龋齿的形成28-30 Streptoccocus链球菌 。生物类黄酮和维生素C已被确认为既抗炎和抑菌剂限制与牙周病31相关的某些细菌的生长。 关于蜂胶和百里香，从培养全唾液中的恶臭减产证明了Sterer 等 32蜂胶的抑菌活性已广泛demontrated在文学，从限制菌斑33-37的数量减少的宽容微生物酸性pH 38 </sup&gt;，显示出比洗必泰溶液39更大的效益。此外，蜂胶被证明有效减少牙龋大鼠限制微生物的数量，减慢合成不溶性葡聚糖，以及葡糖基转移酶活40。 我们的研究中提出了一些限制，例如，仪器的灵敏度，如果与其他可用的技术相比（ 例如崎岖不平的WO3 hemitube纳米结构物的协助下的O 2等离子体表面改性用的石墨烯基材料41官能化，静电的SnO 2纳米纤维致敏石墨烯氧化物还原纳米片42，苯甲酰基DL精氨酸-萘胺（BANA）试验43，高效液相色谱法（HPLC）44和固相微萃取-气相色谱/质谱（SPME-GC / MS 45）。在另一方面，在这项研究中所使用的设备可能允许，研究所ANCE，快速数据采集快速实现早期诊断乙型肝炎，其特征还在于高架dimethile硫化物级别46或建立全身和/或呼吸系统疾病（如肺炎，肺气肿和支气管炎）的状态是其特征在于，升高的硫化氢，甲硫醇和二甲基硫醚的水平47。 在手术过程中，我们认识到，可用于收集从狗的嘴呼气时间比需要的（对30秒几秒钟由制造商建议）略低。此问题已成功通过重复每个测量三次克服。在实验过程中的一个关键步骤是收集的气息。为了不留下狗着嘴太久而不损坏注射器，我们把狗的唇连合的注射器，以安全地收集了一口气。 作为观察在人类中，这种技术的进一步应用将是预防呼吸有关的疾病， 即在宠物全身和呼吸，在狗和更普遍。总之，我们的研究显示，饮食补充剂可有效降低慢性口臭犬。我们的结果可能是，可以在与什么建议由Porter 等 ，谁假设口臭和胃肠道这表明治疗口臭口服原点也可能具有在肠道细菌组合物一定的效果这是众所周知的之间的可能相互作用协议负责，在某些情况下，对于挥发性硫化合物生产48。尽管如此，生态失调也可能会发生大规模使用抗生素49，或从肉类畜禽集约化后得出，并且在大多数动物和人类的食物50,51常用。

口臭，又称用术语口臭，是引起尴尬在人际社会关系1多达体臭2一个常见的抱怨。虽然口臭最流行 ​​病学数据是准确度和灵敏度由于主观自我评价的限制，研究报告说，人口的30-50％，受此病理3-6。一些研究也证实，它是在男性比女性更普遍不论年龄与比3:1和的比例在人超过20年7略高。 口臭可以根据其病因上演:1型（口服），2型（气），3型（胃），第4类（血液传播）和5型（主观）;然而，它已经假设口臭可潜在地认为是这些类型中的任何组合的总和，在卫生上叠加生理气味本（类型0）8,9。 SCully 等人，谁广泛描述和表征aetiopathogenesis和口臭的管理，报告说，在一些患者中它有一个额外的口腔病因，并且在其中的几个，代谢异常涉及10。作者指出，挥发性硫化合物（VSC）和一些诱发因素， 如口腔卫生不良，hyposalivation，牙科用具，牙龈和牙周疾病和粘膜病，主要负责恶臭。此外，他们提出的口腔健康状况的改善，防恶臭治疗和恶臭counteractives作为一个基本的常规方法。此外，他们还提出了使用益生菌和疫苗的恶臭引起细菌。 人类和动物的同伴， 即 。猫和狗，可以受食品相关的不良反应，其可包括几个系统，如胃肠，皮肤，耳科，眼，泌尿系统和呼吸系统11-13。然而，一些动物研究已经指出，鼻腔室是最复杂的系统中牙垢14，口腔炎15，和口臭16顷经常存在的一个。此外，细菌引起的口臭可以从动物同伴到人类17传送。 Iwanicka - 格热戈雷克从84患者患有口臭和40名健康对照量化硫化合物及低分子量胺唾液。 80％以上的属于口臭患者组报道在童年有宠物（P &lt;0.001）和超过70％仍然拥有一个宠物（P &lt;0.001）。 因此营养可以被用来管理口臭。此外，营养在牙齿发育，口腔及牙龈组织的完整性，骨性甚至牙齿和口腔疾病管理18举足轻重的作用。基于这样的考虑，在意大利协会肿瘤学研究疾病（AIRMO）中心我们跑了一项随机安慰剂对照交叉临床涉及32只狗口臭为了调查膳食补充剂与市售宠物食品的功效痛苦的评价。

<table><tbody><tr><td>OralChroma CHM-1</td><td>FIS Inc.</td><td>10061285</td><td>portable gas cromatograph</td></tr><tr><td>FORZA10 Oral Active</td><td>SANYpet .Sp.a.</td><td></td><td>dietary supplement</td></tr><tr><td>InJ/Light-100 PCS</td><td>Rays S.p.a.</td><td>INJ5171112</td><td>disposable syringes&amp;nbsp;</td></tr></tbody></table>

therapeutic effectiveness of a dietary supplement for management of halitosis in dogs

口臭是涉及人类社会和沟通问题的常见投诉，也影响了宠物主人的关系。在这项随机，安慰剂对照交叉临床评估，我们评估一个专门的膳食补充剂的有效性，改善慢性口臭在32狗不同品种和年龄。这个协议描述如何evalute口腔挥发性suphur朱侃，陈万平存在下， 例如甲硫醇，硫化氢和甲硫醚，由耦合用注射器，其用于收集呼气的便携式气相色谱仪装置和专用软件的手段，这允许操作者每次测量过程中监测每个化合物浓度，在比较短的时间（8分钟）。 自治疗开始后的30天，观察到口臭参数1显著修饰（P &lt;0.05），而持久的效果仍然观察到甚至20天对焦之三处理暂停。便携式气相色谱仪，其也被广泛应用于临床实践中，可以因此用于确认和在人类和动物的控制口臭。尽管人类和动物物种呈现一定的差异，这种创新和替代治疗口臭的管理可能会扩展到人类临床实践作为辅助饮食方法。

既安慰剂和饮食补充剂，以提供相似的营养和热量的摄取，并满足成年狗的营养需求，特别是进行了调整。其分析组成为:粗蛋白质26％，粗油和脂肪的13％，粗纤维2.5％，粗灰分8％和代谢能量（EM）的3464千卡/公斤。代谢能量根据营养指引完整和补充宠物食品的猫，狗由欧洲宠物食品工业联合会计算。安慰剂由脱水鸡肉，大米，动物脂肪，脱水蛋，燕麦，干甜菜浆，亚麻种子，水解动物蛋白，鱼油，植物油，碳酸钙，干啤酒酵母，磷酸一钙，氯化钠。从安慰剂包含在特殊心脏形冷压片剂的活性物质的存在下膳食补充剂差异（欧洲专利Ñ。EP 2526781）包括在完成食品我的6-7％呐百分比，而对于该蛋白质源，鱼粉代替鸡肉粉。片中含有蜂胶（0.0161％）， 鼠尾草 （0.0087％），蛋清（溶菌酶0.0078％），脱水柑橘提取物（生物类黄酮的0.0077％）， 百里香 （0.0127％）， 黑穗醋栗 （0.0040％）。 数据进行分析，表示为平均值±平均值的标准误差，并使用达戈斯蒂诺皮尔森正态性检验检查正常性。 -试验是用来比较的变化安防监控的多T评分在随访与基线每个治疗模式。 图1A示出在硫化氢浓度显著减少处理的动物，从0.43纳克/ ml的基线值，以0.06纳克/毫升，在30天的治疗。 图1B示出了在处理的动物中一个显著降低甲硫醇浓度的，从一底线0.30纳克/毫升值0.06纳克/毫升，在30天的治疗。 图1C示出了在二甲基硫醚浓度显著减少处理的动物，从0.28纳克/ ml的基线值，以0.13纳克/毫升，经过30天的治疗。 图2A示出一个显著降低硫化氢浓度，从0.37纳克/ ml的基线值，以0.10纳克/毫升，经过20天的治疗。在图2B中有类似的趋势也观察到甲硫醇其示出了显著下降的化合物浓度，从0.24纳克/ ml的基线值，以0.05纳克/毫升，在30天的治疗。以二甲硫， 图2C中 ，一个显著下降的化合物浓度，从0.32纳克/ ml的基线值，以0.11纳克/毫升，经过30天的治疗进行了观察。 <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td> 体重 </STRONG&gt;（KG） </td><td> 膳食补充剂每日金额 （G） </td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> 1 - 10 </td><td> 30 - 180 </td></tr><tr><td> 11 - 20 </td><td> 190 - 300 </td></tr><tr><td> 21 - 35 </td><td> 310 - 455 </td></tr><tr><td> 36 - 50 </td><td> 465 - 595 </td></tr></tbody></table> 表1:食品的每日量提供给狗。 <img alt="图1" src="/files/ftp_upload/52717/52717fig1.jpg" /> 图1:在30天治疗期（A）硫化氢的浓度，趋势图形表示治疗组（n = 16） 与对照组（n = 16）组; * P &lt;0.05; （B）的甲硫醇浓度趋势图形表示治疗组（n = 16） 与对照组（n = 16）组在30天治疗期; * P &lt;0.05; （C）在二甲基硫化物浓度趋势的图形表示治疗组（n = 16） 与对照组（n = 16），集团在30天治疗期; * P &lt;0.05。 <img alt="图2" src="/files/ftp_upload/52717/52717fig2.jpg" /> 图2:（A）硫化氢的浓度，趋势图形表示治疗组（n = 16） 与对照组（n = 16）组后10天清洗期; * P &lt;0.05; （B）的甲硫醇浓度趋势图形表示治疗组（n = 16） 与对照组（n = 16）组后10天清洗期; * P &lt;0.05; （ 三）二甲基硫化物浓度趋势的处理图形表示（N = 16） 与对照组（n = 16）组的10天之后，清洗期; * P &lt;0.05。

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Therapeutic Effectiveness of a Dietary Supplement for Management of Halitosis in Dogs at JoVE.com

Therapeutic Effectiveness of a Dietary Supplement for Management of Halitosis in Dogs

We describe a simple approach for diagnosis of halitosis in dogs as well as a dietary approach for its management. This protocol may be extended to the management of halitosis in humans in the near future.

膳食补充剂的口臭犬管理疗效

Halitosis is a common complaint involving social and communicational problems in humans and also affects the pet-owner relationship. In this randomized ...

therapeutic-effectiveness-dietary-supplement-for-management-halitosis

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

11.3K 次观看.  Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico di Modena. We describe a simple approach for diagnosis of halitosis in dogs as well as a dietary approach for its management. This protocol may be extended to the management of halitosis in humans in the near future.

视频: Therapeutic Effectiveness of a Dietary Supplement for Management of Halitosis in Dogs

The Effect of the Application of Thyme Essential Oil on Microbial Load During Meat Drying

Meat is a high protein meal that is used in the preparation of jerky, a popular food snack, where preservation and safety are important. To assure food safety and to extend the shelf life of meat and meat products, the use of either synthetic or natural preservatives have been applied to control and eliminate foodborne bacteria. A growing interest in the application of natural food additives for meat has increased. Microorganisms, such as Escherichia coli, contaminate meat and meat products, causing foodborne illnesses. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the meat conservation process. However, the use of essential oils when the meat is being dried has not been deeply studied. In this regard, there is an opportunity to increase the value of dried meat and reduce the risk of foodborne illnesses by applying essential oils during the drying process. In this protocol, we present a novel method of applying thyme essential oil (TEO) during meat drying, specifically in vapor form directly in a drying chamber. For evaluation, we use Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) to detect the number of harmful bacteria in the treated samples compared to raw samples. The preliminary results show that this method is a viable and alternative option to synthetic preservatives and that it significantly reduces microbial load in dried meat.

Microorganisms such as Escherichia coli that contaminate meat products cause foodborne illnesses. The use of essential oils in the meat drying process has not been deeply studied. Here, we present a novel method of applying thyme essential oil to meat during drying to reduce the microbial load in dried meat.

百里香精油应用于肉类干燥过程中微生物负荷的影响

Meat is a high protein meal that is used in the preparation of jerky, a popular food snack, where preservation and safety are important. To assure food ...

科研

环境科学

Behavioral Disturbances: An Innovative Approach to Monitor the Modulatory Effects of a Nutraceutical Diet

In dogs, diets are often used to modulate behavioral disturbances related to chronic anxiety and stress caused by intense and restless activity. However, the traditional ways to monitor behavioral changes in dogs are complicated and not efficient. In the current clinical evaluation, a new, simple monitoring system was used to assess the effectiveness of a specific diet in positively modulating the intense and restless activity of 24 dogs of different ages and breeds. This protocol describes how to easily and rapidly evaluate improvement in a set of symptoms related to generalized anxiety by using a specific sensor, a mobile phone app, a wireless router, and a computer. The results showed that dogs treated with specific diets showed significant improvement in the times spent active and at rest after 10 days (p &lt; 0.01 and p &lt; 0.05, respectively). These dogs also showed an overall significant improvement in clinical and behavioral symptoms. A specific sensor, along with its related hardware, was demonstrated to successfully monitor behavioral changes relating to movement in dogs.

We report a simple approach to evaluate the effectiveness of a specific diet in positively modulating the daily activity and clinical and behavioral symptoms of dogs with evident behavioral disturbances.

行为障碍:一个创新的方法来监控保健品饮食的调节作用

In dogs, diets are often used to modulate behavioral disturbances related to chronic anxiety and stress caused by intense and restless activity. However, ...

行为学

Utilizing an Orally Dissolving Strip for Pharmacological and Toxicological Studies: A Simple and Humane Alternative to Oral Gavage for Animals

Prior to testing novel therapeutics in humans, short and long term preclinical (i.e., animal), repetitive pharmacological and toxicological testing is required. In most cases, the preferred route of administration is via oral delivery. At the present time, oral delivery is mostly accomplished using an oral gavage procedure, in part, because it can achieve consistent and precise dosing in the animal model. Although this method is well established it does have complications that can result in a high rate of animal attrition. To this end, the procedure introduced here describes an alternative to the oral gavage method in which the desired drug is incorporated into a tastant, orally dissolving strip (ODS) that can simply be presented to the test animal where it is then rapidly taken up with minimal manipulation of the test subject. Herein, we demonstrate that preclinical, oral drug delivery using the ODS method represents a safe, convenient, and humane alternative to oral gavage.

The following protocol describes a novel method for chronic oral drug administration using an orally dissolving strip (ODS) in lieu of the more commonly used oral gavage method. We demonstrate that preclinical, oral drug delivery using the ODS method represents a safe, convenient, and humane alternative to oral gavage.

利用一种口腔溶解地带的药理毒理研究:一个简单的和人道的替代口服灌胃动物

Prior to testing novel therapeutics in humans, short and long term preclinical (i.e., animal), repetitive pharmacological and toxicological testing is ...

医学

Analyzing Beneficial Effects of Nutritional Supplements on Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Functions During Experimental Colitis

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn&#39;s disease and ulcerative colitis, are chronic relapsing disorders of the intestines. They cause severe problems, such as abdominal cramping, bloody diarrhea, and weight loss, in affected individuals. Unfortunately, there is no cure yet, and treatments only aim to alleviate symptoms. Current treatments include anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drugs that may cause severe side effects. This warrants the search for alternative treatment options, such as nutritional supplements, that do not cause side effects. Before their application in clinical studies, such compounds must be rigorously tested for effectiveness and security in animal models. A reliable experimental model is the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) colitis model in mice, which reproduces many of the clinical signs of ulcerative colitis in humans. We recently applied this model to test the beneficial effects of a nutritional supplement containing vitamins C and E, L-arginine, and &#969;3-polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). We analyzed various disease parameters and found that this supplement was able to ameliorate edema formation, tissue damage, leukocyte infiltration, oxidative stress, and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, leading to an overall improvement in the disease activity index. In this article, we explain in detail the correct application of nutritional supplements using the DSS colitis model in C57Bl/6 mice, as well as how disease parameters such as histology, oxidative stress, and inflammation are assessed. Analyzing the beneficial effects of different diet supplements may then eventually open new avenues for the development of alternative treatment strategies that alleviate IBD symptoms and/or that prolong the phases of remission without causing severe side effects.

Current treatments of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) aim at alleviating disease symptoms but may cause severe side effects. Thus, alternative strategies are being investigated in animal colitis models. Here, we explain how the beneficial effects of diet supplements on clinical IBD signs are analyzed in such a colitis model.

分析营养补充剂的有益作用于肠上皮屏障功能在实验性结肠炎

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn&#39;s disease and ulcerative colitis, are chronic relapsing disorders of the intestines. They cause ...

Induction of Periodontitis via a Combination of Ligature and Lipopolysaccharide Injection in a Rat Model

Periodontitis (PD) is a highly prevalent, chronic immune-inflammatory disease of the periodontium, that results in a loss of gingival soft tissue, periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone. In this study, a simple method of PD induction in rats is described. We provide detailed instructions for placement of the ligature model around the first maxillary molars (M1) and a combination of injections of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), derived from Porphyromonas gingivalis at the mesio-palatal side of the M1. The induction of periodontitis was maintained for 14 days, promoting the accumulation of bacteria biofilm and inflammation. To validate the animal model, IL-1&#946;, a key inflammatory mediator, was determined by an immunoassay in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), and alveolar bone loss was calculated using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). This technique was effective in promoting gingiva recession, alveolar bone loss, and an increase in IL-1&#946; levels in the GCF at the end of the experimental procedure after 14 days. This method was effective in inducing PD, thus being able to be used in studies on disease progression mechanisms and future possible treatments.

Induction of Periodontitis via a Combination of Ligature and Lipopolysaccharide Injection in a Rat Model

In this study, a rat model of induction of periodontitis is presented via a combination of retentive ligature and repetitive injections of lipopolysaccharide derived from Porphyromonas gingivalis, over 14 days around the first maxillary molars. The ligation and LPS injection techniques were effective in inducing peridontitis, resulting in alveolar bone loss and inflammation.

在大鼠模型中通过结扎和脂多糖注射的组合 诱导 牙周炎

Periodontitis (PD) is a highly prevalent, chronic immune-inflammatory disease of the periodontium, that results in a loss of gingival soft tissue, ...

免疫与感染

使用姜黄素类化合物治疗小鼠口腔念珠菌病的有效 aPDT

Curcuminoid-Mediated Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy on a Murine Model of Oral Candidiasis

Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) has been extensively investigated in vitro, and preclinical animal models of infections are suitable for evaluating alternative treatments prior to clinical trials. This study describes the efficacy of aPDT in a murine model of oral candidiasis. Forty mice were immunosuppressed with subcutaneous injections of prednisolone, and their tongues were inoculated using an oral swab previously soaked in a C. albicans cell suspension. Tetracycline was administered via drinking water during the course of the experiment. Five days after fungal inoculation, mice were randomly distributed into eight groups; a ninth group of untreated uninfected mice was included as a negative control (n = 5). Three concentrations (20 &#181;M, 40 &#181;M, and 80 &#181;M) of a mixture of curcuminoids were tested with a blue LED light (89.2 mW/cm2; ~455 nm) and without light (C+L+ and C+L- groups, respectively). Light alone (C-L+), no treatment (C-L-), and animals without infection were evaluated as controls. Data were analyzed using Welch&#39;s ANOVA and Games-Howell tests (&#945; = 0.05). Oral candidiasis was established in all infected animals and visualized macroscopically through the presence of characteristic white patches or pseudomembranes on the dorsum of the tongues. Histopathological sections confirmed a large presence of yeast and filaments limited to the keratinized layer of the epithelium in the C-L- group, and the presence of fungal cells was visually decreased in the images obtained from mice subjected to aPDT with either 40 &#181;M or 80 &#181;M curcuminoids. aPDT mediated by 80 &#181;M curcuminoids promoted a 2.47 log10 reduction in colony counts in comparison to those in the C-L- group (p = 0.008). All other groups showed no statistically significant reduction in the number of colonies, including photosensitizer (C+L-) or light alone (C-L+) groups. Curcuminoid-mediated aPDT reduced the fungal load from the tongues of mice.

作者聚焦:探索姜黄素在口腔念珠菌病小鼠模型中的光动力疗法

This protocol describes the application of antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) in a murine model of oral candidiasis. aPDT was performed using a water-soluble mixture of curcuminoids and blue LED light.

姜黄素介导的抗菌光动力疗法在口腔念珠菌病小鼠模型上的应用

Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) has been extensively investigated in vitro, and preclinical animal models of infections are suitable for ...

Adjunctive Diode Laser Therapy and Probiotic Lactobacillus Therapy in the Treatment of Periodontitis and Peri-Implant Disease

Periodontal and peri-implant diseases are plaque-induced infections with a high prevalence, seriously impairing people&#39;s quality of life. The diode laser has long been recommended as adjunctive therapy in treating periodontitis. However, the optimal combination of usage mode (inside or outside periodontal pocket) and application regimen (single or multiple sessions of appointment) has not been described in detail. Meanwhile, probiotic Lactobacillus is regarded as a potential adjuvant in the management of the peri-implant disease. Nonetheless, a detailed protocol for an effective probiotic application is lacking. This article aims to summarize two clinical protocols. For periodontitis, the optimal collaboration of laser usage mode and application regimen was identified. Regarding peri-implant mucositis, a combined therapy containing professional topical use and home administration of probiotic Lactobacillus was established. This updated laser protocol clarifies the relationship between the treatment mode (inside or outside the periodontal pocket) and the number of laser appointments, further refining the existing diode laser therapy. For inside pocket irradiation, a single session of laser treatment is suggested whereas, for outside pocket irradiation, multiple sessions of laser treatment provide better effects. The improved probiotic Lactobacillus therapy resulted in the disappearance of swelling of the peri-implant mucosa, a reduced bleeding on probing (BOP), and an obvious reduction and good control of plaque and pigmentation; however, probing pocket depth (PPD) had limited improvement. The current protocol should be regarded as preliminary and could be further enhanced.

Adjunctive Diode Laser Therapy and Probiotic Lactobacillus Therapy in the Treatment of Periodontitis and Peri-Implant Disease

This article describes two protocols: 1) adjunctive diode laser therapy for treating periodontitis and 2) probiotic Lactobacillus therapy for treating peri-implant disease, with emphasis on the laser usage mode (inside or outside pocket), laser application regimen (single or multiple sessions), and a probiotic protocol of professional and home administration.

辅助二极管激光治疗和益生菌 乳酸杆菌 治疗牙周炎和种植体周围疾病

Periodontal and peri-implant diseases are plaque-induced infections with a high prevalence, seriously impairing people&#39;s quality of life. The diode ...

Systematic Approach to Identify Novel Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Molecules from Plants' Extracts and Fractions to Prevent Dental Caries

Natural products provide structurally different substances, with a myriad of biological activities. However, the identification and isolation of active compounds from plants are challenging because of the complex plant matrix and time-consuming isolation and identification procedures. Therefore, a stepwise approach for screening natural compounds from plants, including the isolation and identification of potentially active molecules, is presented. It includes the collection of the plant material; preparation and fractionation of crude extracts; chromatography and spectrometry (UHPLC-DAD-HRMS and NMR) approaches for analysis and compounds identification; bioassays (antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities; bacterial &#34;adhesion strength&#34; to the salivary pellicle and initial glucan matrix treated with selected treatments); and data analysis. The model is simple, reproducible, and allows high-throughput screening of multiple compounds, concentrations, and treatment steps can be consistently controlled. The data obtained provide the foundation for future studies, including formulations with the most active extracts and/or fractions, isolation of molecules, modeling molecules to specific targets in microbial cells and biofilms. For example, one target to control cariogenic biofilm is to inhibit the activity of Streptococcus mutans glucosyltransferases that synthesize the extracellular matrix&#8217; glucans. The inhibition of those enzymes prevents the biofilm build-up, decreasing its virulence.

Natural products represent promising starting points for the development of new drugs and therapeutic agents. However, due to the high chemical diversity, finding new therapeutic compounds from plants is a challenging and time-consuming task. We describe a simplified approach to identify antimicrobial and antibiofilm molecules from plant extracts and fractions.

从植物提取物和分数中识别新型抗菌和抗生物膜分子的系统方法，以防止牙科蛀牙

Natural products provide structurally different substances, with a myriad of biological activities. However, the identification and isolation of active ...

膳食补充剂的口臭犬管理疗效

摘要

探索更多视频

此视频中的章节

百里香精油应用于肉类干燥过程中微生物负荷的影响

行为障碍:一个创新的方法来监控保健品饮食的调节作用

利用一种口腔溶解地带的药理毒理研究:一个简单的和人道的替代口服灌胃动物

分析营养补充剂的有益作用于肠上皮屏障功能在实验性结肠炎

在大鼠模型中通过结扎和脂多糖注射的组合诱导牙周炎

姜黄素介导的抗菌光动力疗法在口腔念珠菌病小鼠模型上的应用

姜黄素介导的抗菌光动力疗法在口腔念珠菌病小鼠模型上的应用

姜黄素介导的抗菌光动力疗法在口腔念珠菌病小鼠模型上的应用

辅助二极管激光治疗和益生菌乳酸杆菌治疗牙周炎和种植体周围疾病

从植物提取物和分数中识别新型抗菌和抗生物膜分子的系统方法，以防止牙科蛀牙

膳食补充剂的口臭犬管理疗效

摘要

探索更多视频

此视频中的章节

百里香精油应用于肉类干燥过程中微生物负荷的影响

行为障碍:一个创新的方法来监控保健品饮食的调节作用

利用一种口腔溶解地带的药理毒理研究:一个简单的和人道的替代口服灌胃动物

分析营养补充剂的有益作用于肠上皮屏障功能在实验性结肠炎

在大鼠模型中通过结扎和脂多糖注射的组合 诱导 牙周炎

姜黄素介导的抗菌光动力疗法在口腔念珠菌病小鼠模型上的应用

姜黄素介导的抗菌光动力疗法在口腔念珠菌病小鼠模型上的应用

姜黄素介导的抗菌光动力疗法在口腔念珠菌病小鼠模型上的应用

辅助二极管激光治疗和益生菌 乳酸杆菌 治疗牙周炎和种植体周围疾病

从植物提取物和分数中识别新型抗菌和抗生物膜分子的系统方法，以防止牙科蛀牙

在大鼠模型中通过结扎和脂多糖注射的组合诱导牙周炎

辅助二极管激光治疗和益生菌乳酸杆菌治疗牙周炎和种植体周围疾病