This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the NRF funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2010-0022362) and (2012R1A2A2A02046812).

伦理声明: 这个实验被批准为庆北大学实验动物管理和使用委员会，并根据指南实验动物的护理和使用（美国国立卫生研究院，1996年）进行。实验结束后，动物在二氧化碳安乐死牺牲。 在头固定杆的大鼠1.设计注:此步骤是一个一般原则的固定杆的设计。关于尺寸和材料的任何修改，可以根据动物或植入物。设计使用CAD软件头 - 固定杆建议但并非必要。 <ol><li>使用CAD软件来设计一个固定杆。 <ol><li>设计一个矩形（123×35×6毫米）（ 图1A）的固定杆。一个矩形凹口（16×20毫米;端口）中的固定杆的中间。添加斜坡或凹陷WHICħ充当上的端口（图1A-一个 ， 图1B -arrows）的边界的导轨。 注:确保港口的区域覆盖老鼠的头盖骨在大脑的估计矩形，使垂直的访问通过开颅使用立体机械手大部分的脑区。 </li><li>附板（50×20×6毫米）上的固定杆的两侧的两个细长孔锚固。确保这些孔通过直径6毫米（图1A-D）螺钉。使在端口的前面为一锁定钩（图1A-B）的直径3毫米的孔。 </li><li>使具有地板（135×305毫米）和侧壁（305×76毫米）的盒。钻两个直径6毫米的孔，如图1A（小图）。加上支持的墙壁固定杆（ 图1A-E）上。 </li></ol></li><li>制造所设计的酒吧和框，并使用氰基丙烯酸酯作为组装他们中的每在图1A（小图）中所示。组装使用直径6毫米的螺钉的框横梁。通过调整杆为符合人体工程学的头部固定（ 图1A-插图）的螺丝位置应用斜率。 注:对于小鼠中，固定杆的尺寸为60×20×4毫米（由2毫米厚的丙烯酸板2层）。端口是正方形的8毫米宽度（上）和9×10毫米（低级） 如图1C所示。锚接板是大鼠的大小相同。的框板和侧壁是分别为100×72毫米和100×50毫米，。 </li></ol>在植入手术2头贴片建设注意:当牙科丙烯酸树脂打交道一定要小心。液体可能会引起皮肤过敏。戴上口罩，戴手套。在通风良好的地方工作。 <ol><li>手术前的准备工作<ol><li>紧紧包住固定杆使用AP的港口的边界araffin膜，防止施加丙烯酸树脂与杆的粘附（参见图1B和 图2A）。外套有一薄层的丙烯酸树脂的覆盖的石蜡膜中的端口的边界。 </li><li>使用无菌手术器械。彻底消毒立体框架和用70％的乙醇及其周边。 </li></ol></li><li>进行立体定位植入手术<ol><li>通过腹膜内注射鸡尾酒混合物（2毫升/千克）的10个氯胺酮毫升（50毫克/毫升），盐酸赛拉嗪1.5毫升（23.32毫克/毫升），和盐水2.5毫升麻醉动物。确认该动物完全麻醉，并且不向尾和脚趾捏响应。在手术过程中注入1毫升/千克鸡尾酒混合物必要时。 </li><li>修复动物的立体定位仪。取适量涂抹于眼睛眼药膏，以防止手术过程中干燥。剃和清洁用70％乙醇头皮。给予皮下注射2％利多卡因和切割的SCA沿着头骨中线lp的。彻底刮去骨膜。冲洗用盐水多次。 </li><li>让附近的头骨边缘毛刺钻孔。植入物螺钉4-5匝（高达1毫米深度）从颅骨表面，以防止破坏硬脑膜。确保无螺钉植入后脑脊液渗漏和血液在颅骨表面的。冲洗用生理盐水，用气吹，特别是在螺丝干颅骨表面。 </li><li>大衣颅骨表面有一层薄薄的"补牙粘合剂（超级债券C＆B）"的。不完全覆盖颅骨包括前囱如果附加电极注入预定的表面上。使用前囟门的标记开颅坐标。植入电极和/或微驱动并通过施加丙烯酸树脂在其周围将其固定到头骨。 </li><li>在牙科水泥的顶部施加附加丙烯酸树脂。使用丙烯酸树脂适量离开酒吧涂层树脂的之间有足够的填充空间不足ð初始安装树脂行了吧螺钉和/或电极（图2A）时。 </li></ol></li><li>放置头固定杆5毫米以上的头骨表面上方和对准它的中心（图2A -左）。 </li><li>适用的丙烯酸树脂到颅底和初始安装树脂之间的差距。 （图2A -Center）。等到树脂变硬。 </li><li>取出耳杆拉成型贴片机出固定杆端口。 （图2A -右）。仔细施加额外的丙烯酸树脂周围的模制安装机，如果必要的边缘轨道。 </li><li>冲洗用无菌生理盐水头皮的伤口表面。注入手术后立即抗生素（恩诺沙星，5毫克/千克SC）和镇痛药（酒石酸布托啡诺，2毫克/千克SC）。在一个笼子里单独房子动物。 </li></ol> 3. Habituating动物头固定注:此步骤去文士根据作者的经验成功的评估习惯的时间表。对于习惯程序头固定的概述，见Schwartz的10国的 11个工作。 <ol><li>得到足够的恢复期间（一周以上）的动物。在第1天，处理频繁分为短会的动物。 </li><li>在第二天（第2天），暴露动物在固定环境（框）。切勿将自己的头贴片机到固定杆的端口。离开动物才能适应环境。牢固地抓住使用手进行1至2秒的头安装机，并立即将其释放。手抢了几次重复的短期固定。 </li><li>第3天，，观察者动物头部固定。 <ol><li>从家笼把动物和解决他们在盒子引导头朝着固定杆的端口。抢头贴片机，并将其插入到固定杆的端口。 </li><li>绑定贴片机（动物头）用橡皮筋固定杆的锁钩。静置5分钟。 注意:不要触摸固定后的动物，导致动物发出尖叫和挣扎提高动物的应激的树干或尾部。当动物继续挣扎超过1分钟，将其释放，并稍后再试。从这个步骤中，动物表现出尿液和粪便排泄，每当接触到头部固定，但这种逐渐被减少习惯收益。 </li><li>检索锁定橡皮筋，弹出贴片机离开港口。把动物回到笼子，并提供了一​​块麦片或葵花籽进入家庭笼作为奖励。下一次试验开始在30分钟内。重复3.4.1至3.4.4五个或更多个在一天之内。 </li></ol></li><li> 5月4日至7日，揭露动物在协议3.4描述头部固定。逐渐增加头部固定的持续时间（10分钟，20分钟，30分钟和50分钟，如习惯化收益）。 注意:如果动物做没有吨喂食物奖励，它可以是应力水平高的标志。不要增加固定时间。如果动物展示反复挣扎行为，观察者他们更长的时间。 </li><li>每天检查动物的体重。考虑当体重下降不成功的习惯。继续与成功的习惯后，头部固定行为的任务。 注:成功的习惯有利于后续的行为训练（ 图3E和F）。 </li></ol>

<ol><li>Mayrhofer, J. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Novel+two-alternative+forced+choice+paradigm+for+bilateral+vibrotactile+whisker+frequency+discrimination+in+head-fixed+mice+and+rats%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22J+Neurophysiol%22%5BJournal%5D)">Novel two-alternative forced choice paradigm for bilateral vibrotactile whisker frequency discrimination in head-fixed mice and rats.</a> J Neurophysiol. 109, 273-284 (2013).</li>
<li>Bryant, J. L., Roy, S., Heck, D. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((A+technique+for+stereotaxic+recordings+of+neuronal+activity+in+awake%2C+head-restrained+mice%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22J+Neurosci+Methods%22%5BJournal%5D)">A technique for stereotaxic recordings of neuronal activity in awake, head-restrained mice.</a> J Neurosci Methods. 178, 75-79 (2009).</li>
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<li>Lee, M. G., Manns, I. D., Alonso, A., Jones, B. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Sleep-wake+related+discharge+properties+of+basal+forebrain+neurons+recorded+with+micropipettes+in+head-fixed+rats%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22J+Neurophysiol%22%5BJournal%5D)">Sleep-wake related discharge properties of basal forebrain neurons recorded with micropipettes in head-fixed rats.</a> J Neurophysiol. 92, 1182-1198 (2004).</li>
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The authors have nothing to disclose.

This protocol demonstrates a simple and convenient head fixation method using materials at hand. For physically successful head fixation, the first critical steps during surgery is to rinse and dry the skull surface clearly before applying the dental adhesive resin cement. Second, this method does not uses screws implanting under temporal muscles and only depends on the screws on the skull, their perpendicular implantation against the surface of skull rim is crucial10. This reduces the possibility of accidenta...

头部固定或头部限制是通过在头骨的刚性夹紧附连框架或板固定动物的头的技术。该技术已通过精确的感官刺激，行为检测有或无神经记录清醒动物1-3和在睡眠-觉醒周期4 juxtacellular标签。它也可用于在体内脑成像5,6。现在，头部固定技术在神经科学和行为学研究中常用的工具。 基本上，传统的头部固定要求的金属头桩头骨6-8之上手术附件。附件随后夹紧到一固定平台，从而在头部的固定化。神经生理学研究在清醒的动物，如神经和/或光学记录，脑电路的干预，脑成像是伴随着使用牙科丙烯酸植入手术。因此，它似乎实现了头部固定在这些实验室的时候是实验需要一个简单的任务。帧应该被设计成重量轻和小到不会打扰在他们的家笼动物的自然行为。它也提供了机械刚性时夹紧在固定的平台。它进一步具有生物相容性取决于实验目的。因此，在技术上难以设计和制造在一般实验室设备，例如头职位。 在这项研究中，一种新的头部固定方法进行说明，提供了通过方便夹紧机械刚度，而无需使用金属头的职位。通过使用该方法，头部固定可以一般实验室条件下，其中，通常进行在啮齿类动物脑研究植入手术下进行。金属棒头桩被替换为丙烯酸树脂水泥由一个特制的头固定杆和模制工艺模制部分IMPLAN期间完成塔季翁手术。该固定杆提供了与其他植入物，如神经录像探头，刺激电极高空间的兼容性。还可以简化步骤通过除去螺钉紧固夹紧动物的头在固定平台上的。我们使用这种方法，在以前的行为研究和我们的结论是，这种方法很容易实现和方便，在实际的实验9。

<table><tbody><tr><td>Dental acrylic resin</td><td>Lang Dental Manufacturing</td><td>Ortho-Jet</td><td>to make molded mounter</td></tr><tr><td>Paraffin film</td><td>Bemis</td><td>Parafilm</td><td>to prevent adhesion of acrylic resin to the bar</td></tr><tr><td>Dental adhesive</td><td>Sun Medical</td><td>Super-Bond C&amp;amp;B</td><td>to bond between acrylic resin and skull</td></tr><tr><td>Plexglass or other acrylic plate</td><td></td><td></td><td>to make fixation bar and box platform</td></tr><tr><td>Cyanoacrylate</td><td></td><td></td><td>to bond acrylic plates</td></tr></tbody></table>

acrylic resin molding based head fixation technique in rodents

Head fixation is a technique of immobilizing animal's head by attaching a head-post on the skull for rigid clamping. Traditional head fixation requires surgical attachment of metallic frames on the skull. The attached frames are then clamped to a stationary platform resulting in immobilization of the head. However, metallic frames for head fixation have been technically difficult to design and implement in general laboratory environment. In this study, we provide a novel head fixation method. Using a custom-made head fixation bar, head mounter is constructed during implantation surgery. After the application of acrylic resin for affixing implants such as electrodes and cannula on the skull, additional resins applied on top of that to build a mold matching to the port of the fixation bar. The molded head mounter serves as a guide rails, investigators conveniently fixate the animal&#8217;s head by inserting the head mounter into the port of the fixation bar. This method could be easily applicable if implantation surgery using dental acrylics is necessary and might be useful for laboratories that cannot easily fabricate CNC machined metal head-posts.

此头固定方法适用于大鼠和小鼠。共有8个大鼠接受刺激电极插入内侧前脑束的双侧植入。对于四脱离出来的，定制的钨丝电极（微型硬盘）被加注入到M1前肢区域（图2C）。对小鼠（n = 2），四不锈钢线电极注入到额叶/枕叶皮质区。在手术过程中，头贴片机进行成型的头部固定在大鼠和小鼠，作为描述协议第2节从手术中恢复后，他们被暴露在头部固定的或者习惯或行为的任务日常会?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Acrylic Resin Molding Based Head Fixation Technique in Rodents at JoVE.com

Acrylic Resin Molding Based Head Fixation Technique in Rodents

Traditional head fixation techniques have used metallic frames attached on the skull as an interface for head fixation apparatus. This protocol demonstrates a frameless, acrylic resin molding based head fixation technique for behavioral tasks in rodents.

在鼠害丙烯酸树脂模塑基头固定技术

Head fixation is a technique of immobilizing animal's head by attaching a head-post on the skull for rigid clamping. Traditional head fixation requires ...

acrylic-resin-molding-based-head-fixation-technique-in-rodents

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

11.7K 次观看.  Kyungpook National University. Traditional head fixation techniques have used metallic frames attached on the skull as an interface for head fixation apparatus. This protocol demonstrates a frameless, acrylic resin molding based head fixation technique for behavioral tasks in rodents.

视频: Acrylic Resin Molding Based Head Fixation Technique in Rodents

Application of Light-cured Dental Adhesive Resin for Mounting Electrodes or Microdialysis Probes in Chronic Experiments

In chronic recording experiments, self-curing dental acrylic resins have been used as a mounting base of electrodes or microdialysis-probes. Since these acrylics do not bond to the bone, screws have been used as anchors. However, in small experimental animals like finches or mouse, their craniums are very fragile and can not successfully hold the anchors. In this report, we propose a new application of light-curing dental resins for mounting base of electrodes or microdialysis probes in chronic experiments. This material allows direct bonding to the cranium. Therefore, anchor screws are not required and surgical field can be reduced considerably. Past experiences show that the bonding effect maintains more than 2 months. Conventional resin's window of time when the materials are pliable and workable is a few minutes. However, the window of working time for these dental adhesives is significantly wider and adjustable.

In this report, we propose a new application of light-curing dental resins for mounting base of electrodes or microdialysis probes in chronic experiments. This material allows direct bonding to the cranium.

光固化牙科粘合树脂安装电极或微透析探针在慢性实验中的应用

In chronic recording experiments, self-curing dental acrylic resins have been used as a mounting base of electrodes or microdialysis-probes. Since these ...

科研

生物学

A Polished and Reinforced Thinned-skull Window for Long-term Imaging of the Mouse Brain

In vivo imaging of cortical function requires optical access to the brain without disruption of the intracranial environment. We present a method to form a polished and reinforced thinned skull (PoRTS) window in the mouse skull that spans several millimeters in diameter and is stable for months. The skull is thinned to 10 to 15 &mu;m in thickness with a hand held drill to achieve optical clarity, and is then overlaid with cyanoacrylate glue and a cover glass to: 1) provide rigidity, 2) inhibit bone regrowth and 3) reduce light scattering from irregularities on the bone surface. Since the skull is not breached, any inflammation that could affect the process being studied is greatly reduced. Imaging depths of up to 250 &mu;m below the cortical surface can be achieved using two-photon laser scanning microscopy. This window is well suited to study cerebral blood flow and cellular function in both anesthetized and awake preparations. It further offers the opportunity to manipulate cell activity using optogenetics or to disrupt blood flow in targeted vessels by irradiation of circulating photosensitizers.

We present a method to form an imaging window in the mouse skull that spans millimeters and is stable for months without inflammation of the brain. This method is well suited for longitudinal studies of blood flow, cellular dynamics, and cell/vascular structure using two-photon microscopy.

抛光和钢筋，颅骨变薄窗口，为长期的小鼠脑成像

In vivo imaging of cortical function requires optical access to the brain without disruption of the intracranial environment. We present a method to form ...

神经科学

Behavioral Training Procedures for Head-fixed Virtual Reality in Mice

Virtual reality (VR) combined with head-fixation is increasingly being utilized in behavioral neuroscience studies as it allows complex behavioral assays to be performed in head-fixed mice. This enables precise behavioral recordings while incorporating various neurophysiological techniques that require head-fixation to minimize movement-related signal noise during neural recordings. However, despite the growing use of VR, there is little published data on the detailed methodology of how to implement it. In this study, a training protocol is developed whereby male and female C57B16/J mice are trained to run down a virtual linear corridor, the length of which is increased from 1-3 m over multiple training sessions. Building upon this foundation, this study investigated the feasibility of mice performing complex behaviors within VR using a Y-maze paradigm. The task required navigating to the arm with black walls from the choice point in the Y-maze. After reaching a criterion of two consecutive days equal to or greater than 70% correct, the mice progressed to increasingly difficult sensory discrimination. The findings provide important details on the methodologies useful for the successful training of mice in VR and demonstrate that mice exhibit learning capabilities in navigating the Y-maze. The methodology presented not only offers insights into training duration in VR-based assays but also underscores the potential for probing intricate behaviors in mice, opening avenues for more comprehensive neuroscience investigations.

The article describes the experimental procedures for the commonly used linear track virtual reality (VR) paradigm in mice as well as determining the feasibility of running complex VR tasks by testing a Y-shaped signal discrimination task.

小鼠头部固定虚拟现实的行为训练程序

Virtual reality (VR) combined with head-fixation is increasingly being utilized in behavioral neuroscience studies as it allows complex behavioral assays ...

行为学

Optogenetics Identification of a Neuronal Type with a Glass Optrode in Awake Mice

It is a major concern in neuroscience how different types of neurons work in neural circuits. Recent advances in optogenetics have enabled the identification of the neuronal type in in vivo electrophysiological experiments in broad brain regions. In optogenetics experiments, it is critical to deliver the light to the recording site. However, it is often hard to deliver the stimulation light to the deep brain regions from the brain&#39;s surface. Especially, it is difficult for the stimulation light to reach the deep brain regions when the optical transparency of the brain surface is low, as is often the case with recordings from awake animals. Here, we describe a method to record spike responses to the light from an awake mouse using a custom-made glass optrode. In this method, the light is delivered through the recording glass electrode so that it is possible to reliably stimulate the recorded neuron with light in the deep brain regions. This custom-made optrode system consists of accessible and inexpensive materials and is easy to assemble.

This work introduces a method to perform an optogenetic single-unit recording reliably from an awake mouse using a custom-made glass optrode.

光遗传学玻璃光纤化学传感在醒鼠中的神经型鉴定

It is a major concern in neuroscience how different types of neurons work in neural circuits. Recent advances in optogenetics have enabled the ...

Long-term Sensory Conflict in Freely Behaving Mice

Long-term sensory conflict protocols are a valuable means of studying motor learning. The presented protocol produces a persistent sensory conflict for experiments aimed at studying long-term learning in mice. By permanently wearing a device fixed on their heads, mice are continuously exposed to a sensory mismatch between visual and vestibular inputs while freely moving in home cages. Therefore, this protocol readily enables the study of the visual system and multisensory interactions over an extended timeframe that would not be accessible otherwise. In addition to lowering the experimental costs of long-term sensory learning in naturally behaving mice, this approach accommodates the combination of in vivo and in vitro experiments. In the reported example, video-oculography is performed to quantify the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) and optokinetic reflex (OKR) before and after learning. Mice exposed to this long-term sensory conflict between visual and vestibular inputs presented a strong VOR gain decrease but exhibited few OKR changes. Detailed steps of device assembly, animal care, and reflex measurements are hereby reported.

The presented protocol produces a persistent sensory conflict for experiments aimed at studying long-term learning. By permanently wearing a fixed device on their heads, mice are continuously exposed to a sensory mismatch between visual and vestibular inputs while freely moving in home cages.

自由生育小鼠的长期感觉冲突

Long-term sensory conflict protocols are a valuable means of studying motor learning. The presented protocol produces a persistent sensory conflict for ...

Chronic Implantation of Multiple Flexible Polymer Electrode Arrays

Simultaneous recordings from large populations of individual neurons across distributed brain regions over months to years will enable new avenues of scientific and clinical development. The use of flexible polymer electrode arrays can support long-lasting recording, but the same mechanical properties that allow for longevity of recording make multiple insertions and integration into a chronic implant a challenge. Here is a methodology by which multiple polymer electrode arrays can be targeted to a relatively spatially unconstrained set of brain areas.
The method utilizes thin-film polymer devices, selected for their biocompatibility and capability to achieve long-term and stable&#160;electrophysiologic recording interfaces. The resultant implant allows accurate and flexible targeting of anatomically distant regions, physical stability for months, and robustness to electrical noise. The methodology supports up to sixteen serially inserted devices across eight different anatomic targets. As previously demonstrated, the methodology is capable of recording from 1024 channels. Of these, the 512 channels in this demonstration used for single neuron recording yielded 375 single units distributed across six recording sites. Importantly, this method also can record single units for at least 160 days.
This implantation strategy, including temporarily bracing each device with a retractable silicon insertion shuttle, involves tethering of devices at their target depths to a skull-adhered plastic base piece that is custom-designed for each set of recording targets, and stabilization/protection of the devices within a silicone-filled, custom-designed plastic case. Also covered is the preparation of devices for implantation, and design principles that should guide adaptation to different combinations of brain areas or array designs.

Described below is a method for implantation of multiple polymer electrode arrays across anatomically distant brain regions for chronic electrophysiological recording in freely moving rats. Preparation and surgical implantation are described in detail, with emphasis on design principles to guide adaptation of these methods for use in other species.

多柔性聚合物电极阵列的慢性植入

Simultaneous recordings from large populations of individual neurons across distributed brain regions over months to years will enable new avenues of ...

Successful In vivo Calcium Imaging with a Head-Mount Miniaturized Microscope in the Amygdala of Freely Behaving Mouse

In vivo real-time monitoring of neuronal activities in freely moving animals is one of key approaches to link neuronal activity to behavior. For this purpose, an in vivo imaging technique that detects calcium transients in neurons using genetically encoded calcium indicators (GECIs), a miniaturized fluorescence microscope, and a gradient refractive index (GRIN) lens has been developed and successfully applied to many brain structures1,2,3,4,5,6. This imaging technique is particularly powerful because it enables chronic simultaneous imaging of genetically defined cell populations for a long-term period up to several weeks. Although useful, this imaging technique has not been easily applied to brain structures that locate deep within the brain such as amygdala, an essential brain structure for emotional processing and associative fear memory7. There are several factors that make it difficult to apply the imaging technique to the amygdala. For instance, motion artifacts usually occur more frequently during the imaging conducted in the deeper brain regions because a head-mount microscope implanted deep in the brain is relatively unstable. Another problem is that the lateral ventricle is positioned close to the implanted GRIN lens and its movement during respiration may cause highly irregular motion artifacts that cannot be easily corrected, which makes it difficult to form a stable imaging view. Furthermore, because cells in the amygdala are usually quiet at a resting or anesthetized state, it is hard to find and focus the target cells expressing GECI in the amygdala during baseplating procedure for later imaging. This protocol provides a helpful guideline for how to efficiently target cells expressing GECI in the amygdala with head-mount miniaturized microscope for successful in vivo calcium imaging in such a deeper brain region. It is noted that this protocol is based on a particular system (e.g., Inscopix) but not restricted to it.

In vivo microendoscopic calcium imaging is an invaluable tool that enables real-time monitoring of neuronal activities in freely behaving animals. However, applying this technique to the amygdala has been difficult. This protocol aims to provide a useful guideline for successfully targeting amygdala cells with a miniaturized microscope in mice.

在自由行为鼠标的杏仁核中，使用头山小型显微镜成功进行体内钙成像

In vivo real-time monitoring of neuronal activities in freely moving animals is one of key approaches to link neuronal activity to behavior. For this ...

Head Implants for the Neuroimaging of Awake, Head-Fixed Rats

Anesthetics, commonly used in preclinical and fundamental scientific research, have a depressive influence on the metabolic, neuronal, and vascular functions of the brain and can adversely influence neurophysiological results. The use of awake animals for research studies is advantageous but poses the major challenge of keeping the animals calm and stationary to minimize motion artifacts throughout data acquisition. Awake imaging in smaller-sized rodents (e.g., mice) is very common but remains scant in rats as rats are bigger, stronger, and have a greater tendency to oppose movement restraints and head fixation over the long durations required for imaging. A new model of neuroimaging of awake, head-fixed rats using customized hand-sewn slings, 3D-printed head implants, head caps, and a headframe is described. The results acquired following a single trial of single-whisker stimulation suggest an increase in the intensity of the evoked functional response. The acquisition of the evoked functional response from awake, head-fixed rats is faster than that from anesthetized rats, reliable, reproducible, and can be used for repeated longitudinal studies.

A detailed new procedure for functional imaging of awake, head-fixed rats is described.

用于清醒、头部固定大鼠神经成像的头部植入物

Anesthetics, commonly used in preclinical and fundamental scientific research, have a depressive influence on the metabolic, neuronal, and vascular ...

用于小鼠电生理学的经济高效、多功能探针植入系统

The DREAM Implant: A Lightweight, Modular, and Cost-Effective Implant System for Chronic Electrophysiology in Head-Fixed and Freely Behaving Mice

Chronic electrophysiological recordings in rodents have significantly improved our understanding of neuronal dynamics and their behavioral relevance. However, current methods for chronically implanting probes present steep trade-offs between cost, ease of use, size, adaptability, and long-term stability.
This protocol introduces a novel chronic probe implant system for mice called the DREAM (Dynamic, Recoverable, Economical, Adaptable, and Modular), designed to overcome the trade-offs associated with currently available options. The system provides a lightweight, modular and cost-effective solution with standardized hardware elements that can be combined and implanted in straightforward steps and explanted safely for recovery and multiple reuse of probes, significantly reducing experimental costs.
The DREAM implant system integrates three hardware modules: (1) a microdrive that can carry all standard silicon probes, allowing experimenters to adjust recording depth across a travel distance of up to 7 mm; (2) a three-dimensional (3D)-printable, open-source design for a wearable Faraday cage covered in copper mesh for electrical shielding, impact protection, and connector placement, and (3) a miniaturized head-fixation system for improved animal welfare and ease of use. The corresponding surgery protocol was optimized for speed (total duration: 2 h), probe safety, and animal welfare.
The implants had minimal impact on animals&#39; behavioral repertoire, were easily applicable in freely moving and head-fixed contexts, and delivered clearly identifiable spike waveforms and healthy neuronal responses for weeks of post-implant data collection. Infections and other surgery complications were extremely rare.
As such, the DREAM implant system is a versatile, cost-effective solution for chronic electrophysiology in mice, enhancing animal well-being, and enabling more ethologically sound experiments. Its design simplifies experimental procedures across various research needs, increasing accessibility of chronic electrophysiology in rodents to a wide range of research labs.

作者聚焦:通过虚拟现实和动物电生理学了解自然神经元计算

Here, we introduce a lightweight, cost-effective probe implant system for chronic electrophysiology in rodents optimized for ease of use, probe recovery, experimental versatility, and compatibility with behavior.

DREAM 植入物:一种轻便、模块化且经济高效的植入系统，用于头部固定和行为自由的小鼠的慢性电生理学

Chronic electrophysiological recordings in rodents have significantly improved our understanding of neuronal dynamics and their behavioral relevance. ...

在鼠害丙烯酸树脂模塑基头固定技术

摘要

探索更多视频

光固化牙科粘合树脂安装电极或微透析探针在慢性实验中的应用

抛光和钢筋，颅骨变薄窗口，为长期的小鼠脑成像

小鼠头部固定虚拟现实的行为训练程序

光遗传学玻璃光纤化学传感在醒鼠中的神经型鉴定

自由生育小鼠的长期感觉冲突

多柔性聚合物电极阵列的慢性植入

在自由行为鼠标的杏仁核中，使用头山小型显微镜成功进行体内钙成像

用于清醒、头部固定大鼠神经成像的头部植入物

DREAM 植入物:一种轻便、模块化且经济高效的植入系统，用于头部固定和行为自由的小鼠的慢性电生理学

DREAM 植入物:一种轻便、模块化且经济高效的植入系统，用于头部固定和行为自由的小鼠的慢性电生理学