Yale Cardiovascular Research Center and Section of Cardiovascular Medicine

Programmed electrical stimulation provides the ability to determine conduction properties of the heart, and the possibility to induce and terminate cardiac arrhythmias using various pacing protocols. Using a transvenous catheter, intracardiac electrogram recordings can be obtained in mice following programmed electrical stimulation protocols to identify arrhythmogenic substrates.

This protocol describes a method of live cell imaging using primary rat neonatal cardiomyocytes following lentiviral and adenoviral transduction using confocal spinning disk microscopy. This enables detailed observations of cellular processes in living cardiomyocytes.

micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are short and highly homologous RNA sequences, serving as post-transcriptional regulators of messenger RNAs (mRNAs). Current miRNA detection methods vary in sensitivity and specificity. We describe a protocol that combines in situ hybridization and immunostaining for concurrent detection of miRNA and protein molecules on mouse heart tissue sections.

Here, we describe an in situ hybridization assay which enables sensitive and specific detection of sequences as short as 50 nucleotides with single-nucleotide resolution at the single-cell level. The assay, which can be performed manually or automatically, can enable visualization of splice variants, short sequences, and mutations within the tissue context.

This article presents a protocol of differential-speed centrifugation in combination with density gradient centrifugation to separate mitochondria from human ovarian cancer tissues and control ovarian tissues for quantitative proteomics analysis, resulting in a high-quality mitochondrial sample and high-throughput and high-reproducibility quantitative proteomics analysis of a human ovarian cancer mitochondrial proteome.

A convenient, fast, and cost-effective method to measure the proportion of side population cells in solid tumor cell lines is presented.