ברצוננו להודות רפואי יישומי לתמיכה ביצירה זו דרך להעניק חינוך בלתי מוגבל אשר אפשרה לנו לייצר ולפרסם את הווידאו.

<dt&gt; פורט יחיד התורם Nephrectomy:</dt&gt;<ol&gt;<li&gt; המקום המטופל במצב משכוב ימין לרוחב עם צד שמאל למעלה</li&gt;<li&gt; מנתח התפעולי יעמוד מול הבטן עם הנהג המצלמה עוזרת עומד לימין המנתחים ו caudad</li&gt;<li&gt; מדוד 5 ס&quot;מ מעל הטבור חתך בקטע</li&gt;<li&lt;יצירת חתך את חבל הטבור והזן את חלל הבטן.</li&gt;<li&gt; הנח את מפשק פצע אלכסיס</li&gt;<li&gt; מקום מתאים יציאות לפרוסקופי בתוך ג&#39;ל סיל פוינט (2 יציאות 5mm ו -1 יציאת 15mm) disrected כפי שמוצג וידאו</li&gt;<li&gt; ג&#39;ל מקום פוינט חותם על מפשק אלקסיס Insuffolate את הבטן</li&gt;<li&gt; לגייס את המעי הגס היורד מעל Retroperitoneum</li&gt;<li&gt; לגייס את הטחול מ לרוחב המדיאלי ליצור מטוס בין הטחול לבין הקוטב העליון של הכליה</li&gt;<li&gt; מנתחים את השופכן ואת וריד האשכים מהרמה של כלי הכסל עד בקוטב התחתון של הכליה</li&gt;<li&gt; בצע את וריד האשכים אל עורק הכליה בתחום Hilum. וריד האשכים יכול להיות ligated וחילקו ליד עורק הכליה במידת הצורך</li&gt;<li&gt; זיהוי לחלק כלשהו ורידים מותני</li&gt;<li&gt; זיהוי מחלקים את עורק הכליה בין קליפים</li&gt;<li&gt; מנתחים את עורק הכליה Circumferentially</li&gt;<li&gt; זהה את עורק הכליה ו לנתח את זה circumferentially</li&gt;<li&gt; Mobilze את הכליה כולה מעל retroperitoneum</li&gt;<li&gt; בקצב פורט 5-12mm שבו הנמל 5mm התחתון הונח חותם נקודת ג&#39;ל</li&gt;<li&gt; ולקשור ולחלק את השופכן ואת וריד האשכים ב Vesselswith הכסל Endo-GIA מהדק</li&gt;<li&gt; ולקשור את העורק הכלייתי עם אנדו ת&quot;א וסקולרית מהדק ולאחר מכן לחלק עם endoshears</li&gt;<li&gt; ולקשור ולחלק את עורק הכליה עם מהדק Endo-GIA</li&gt;<li&gt; הנח את כליה ואת התיק Endocatch גדול</li&gt;<li&gt; הסר את הצבע ג&#39;ל חותם ואת מפשק אלכסיס</li&gt;<li&gt; הסר את הכליה של חלל הבטן</li&gt;<li&gt; החלף את חותם פוינט ג&#39;ל</li&gt;<li&gt; סקר hemostasis ולהחליף את קולון יורד במיקום המתאים יחד עם הטחול</li&gt;<li&gt; סגור את fascia דופן הבטן ואז חתך בעור</li&gt;<li&gt; מקום ההלבשה</li&gt;</ol

<ol>
	<li>Canes, D., Berger, A., Aron, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Laparo-endoscopic+single+site+(LESS)+versus+standard+laparoscopic+left+donor+nephrectomy:+matched-pair+comparison.">Laparo-endoscopic single site (LESS) versus standard laparoscopic left donor nephrectomy: matched-pair comparison.</a> Eur Urol. 57, 95-101 (2010).</li><li>Skrekas, G., Papalois, V. E., Mitsis, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Laparoscopic+live+donor+nephrectomy:+a+step+forward+in+kidney+transplantation.">Laparoscopic live donor nephrectomy: a step forward in kidney transplantation.</a> JSLS. 7, 197-206 (2003).</li><li>Giessing, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Laparoscopic+living-donor+nephrectomy.">Laparoscopic living-donor nephrectomy.</a> Nephrol Dial Transplant. 19, iv36-iv40 (2004).</li><li>Eng, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+role+of+laparoscopic+donor+nephrectomy+in+renal+transplantation.">The role of laparoscopic donor nephrectomy in renal transplantation.</a> Am Surg. 76, 349-353 (2010).</li><li>Kommu, S. S., Kaouk, J. H., Rane, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Laparo-endoscopic+single-site+surgery:+preliminary+advances+in+renal+surgery.">Laparo-endoscopic single-site surgery: preliminary advances in renal surgery.</a> BJU Int. 103, 1034-1037 (2009).</li><li>Canes, D., Desai, M. M., Aron, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Transumbilical+single-port+surgery:+evolution+and+current+status.">Transumbilical single-port surgery: evolution and current status.</a> Eur Urol. 54, 1020-1029 (2008).</li><li>Desai, M. M., Berger, A. K., Brandina, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Laparoendoscopic+single-site+surgery:+initial+hundred+patients.">Laparoendoscopic single-site surgery: initial hundred patients.</a> Urology. 74, 805-812 (2009).</li><li>Ganpule, A. P., Dhawan, D. R., Kurien, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Laparoendoscopic+single-site+donor+nephrectomy:+a+single-center+experience.">Laparoendoscopic single-site donor nephrectomy: a single-center experience.</a> Urology. 74, 1238-1240 (2009).</li><li>Gill, I. S., Canes, D., Aron, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Single+port+transumbilical+(E-NOTES)+donor+nephrectomy.">Single port transumbilical (E-NOTES) donor nephrectomy.</a> J Urol. 180, 637-641 (2008).</li><li>Raman, J. D., Bensalah, K., Bagrodia, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Laboratory+and+clinical+development+of+single+keyhole+umbilical+nephrectomy.">Laboratory and clinical development of single keyhole umbilical nephrectomy.</a> Urology. 70, 1039-1042 (2007).</li><li>Raybourn, J. H., Rane, A., Sundaram, C. P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Laparoendoscopic+single-site+surgery+for+nephrectomy+as+a+feasible+alternative+to+traditional+laparoscopy.">Laparoendoscopic single-site surgery for nephrectomy as a feasible alternative to traditional laparoscopy.</a> Urology. 75, 100-103 (2010).</li><li>Dindo, D., Demartines, N., Clavien, P. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Classification+of+surgical+complications:+a+new+proposal+with+evaluation+in+a+cohort+of+6336+patients+and+results+of+a+survey.+Ann+Surg.">Classification of surgical complications: a new proposal with evaluation in a cohort of 6336 patients and results of a survey. Ann Surg.</a> 240, 205-213 (2004).</li><li>Bargman, V., Sundaram, C. P., Bernie, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Randomized+trial+of+laparoscopic+donor+nephrectomy+with+and+without+hand+assistance.">Randomized trial of laparoscopic donor nephrectomy with and without hand assistance.</a> J Endourol. 20, 717-722 (2006).</li><li>El-Galley, R., Hood, N., Young, C. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Donor+nephrectomy:+A+comparison+of+techniques+and+results+of+open,+hand+assisted+and+full+laparoscopic+nephrectomy.">Donor nephrectomy: A comparison of techniques and results of open, hand assisted and full laparoscopic nephrectomy.</a> J Urol. 171, 40-43 (2004).</li><li>Velidedeoglu, E., Williams, N., Brayman, K. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Comparison+of+open,+laparoscopic,+and+hand-assisted+approaches+to+live-donor+nephrectomy.">Comparison of open, laparoscopic, and hand-assisted approaches to live-donor nephrectomy.</a> Transplantation. 74, 169-172 (2002).</li><li>Raman, J. D., Bagrodia, A., Cadeddu, J. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Single-incision,+umbilical+laparoscopic+versus+conventional+laparoscopic+nephrectomy:+a+comparison+of+perioperative+outcomes+and+short-term+measures+of+convalescence.">Single-incision, umbilical laparoscopic versus conventional laparoscopic nephrectomy: a comparison of perioperative outcomes and short-term measures of convalescence.</a> Eur Urol. 55, 1198-1204 (2009).</li></ol>

ד&quot;ר דוד לסר ד&quot;ר יוסף דל Pizzo הן ללמד טכניקות יציאה אחת בכל הקורסים בחסות אפלייד רפואי.

Nephrectomy יחיד התורם פורט היא הצעד הבא קיימא באבולוציה של nephrectomy התורם. לפעמים, השלבים בהליך צריך להתבצע מקולקל בשל האתגרים הכרוכים בנמל יחיד אשר מגביל צד נסיגת הצד וניידות כמו דנו בסרטון. Cosmesis מצוין לחולים לחזור לפעילות מהר מאוד. כאשר ההליך מתפתח מכשירים חדשים יפותחו כי עוזרו של הישג של יותר משימות יותר מורכבות יותר באמצעות כניסה לנמל יחיד יהיה.

single port donor nephrectomy

בשנת 2007, הציג Rane nephrectomy first יציאה אחת עבור כליה שאינה מתפקדת קטן הקונגרס העולמי של Endourology. מאז, השימוש בניתוח יציאה אחת עבור nephrectomy התרחבה nephrectomy התורם. במהלך השנתיים הקרובות הטכניקה אומצה עבור סוגים רבים אחרים של nephrectomies לכלול nephrectomy התורם. אנו מציגים טכניקה שלנו nephrectomy תורם יחיד הנמל באמצעות מכשיר Gelpoint. ביצענו בהצלחה את הניתוח הזה ביותר מ -100 מטופלים ולהוסיף את החוויה הזו לחוויה שלנו של מעל 1000 nephrectomies לפרוסקופי. עם הציוד טכניקה נכונה, nephrectomy יחיד התורם הנמל יכול להתבצע בצורה בטוחה ויעילה ברוב של תורמים חיים. מצאנו כי פעמים הניתוח שלנו והכי חשוב שלנו תוצאות ההשתלה לא השתנו משמעותית עם אימוץ nephrectomy יציאה אחת התורמות. אנו מאמינים כי nephrectomy יחיד התורם הנמל מהווה צעד קדימה בטיפול תורמים חיים.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Single Port Donor Nephrectomy at JoVE.com

Single Port Donor Nephrectomy

סינגל ניתוח לפרוסקופי נמל משנה את רמת הטיפול בטיפול כירורגי כמו כלום מאז טכניקה לפרוסקופית הוצג לפני 20 שנה. אנו מציגים את הטכניקה של nephrectomy תורם יחיד הנמל באמצעות מכשיר Gelpoint. ביצענו בהצלחה את הניתוח הזה ב 100 חולים.

Nephrectomy יחיד נמל התורם

In 2007, Rane presented the first single port nephrectomy for a small non-functioning kidney at the World Congress of Endourology.  Since that time, the ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

50.0K Views.  Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University. סינגל ניתוח לפרוסקופי נמל משנה את רמת הטיפול בטיפול כירורגי כמו כלום מאז טכניקה לפרוסקופית הוצג לפני 20 שנה. אנו מציגים את הטכניקה של nephrectomy תורם יחיד הנמל באמצעות מכשיר Gelpoint. ביצענו בהצלחה את הניתוח הזה ב 100 חולים.

Video: Single Port Donor Nephrectomy

Murine Renal Transplantation Procedure

Renal orthotopic transplantation in mice is a technically challenging procedure. Although the first kidney transplants in mice were performed by Russell et al over 30 years ago (1) and refined by Zhang et al years later (2), few people in the world have mastered this procedure. In our laboratory we have successfully performed 1200 orthotopic kidney transplantations with &gt; 90% survival rate. The key points for success include stringent control of reperfusion injury, bleeding and thrombosis, both during the procedure and post-transplantation, and use of 10-0 instead of 11-0 suture for anastomoses.
Post-operative care and treatment of the recipient is extremely important to transplant success and evaluation. All renal graft recipients receive antibiotics in the form of an injection of penicillin immediately post-transplant and sulfatrim in the drinking water continually. Overall animal health is evaluated daily and whole blood creatinine analyses are performed routinely with a portable I-STAT machine to assess graft function.

Renal transplantation in mice is a technically challenging procedure that requires careful post-operative care and treatment for success.

Murine נוהל השתלת כליה

Renal orthotopic transplantation in mice is a technically challenging procedure. Although the first kidney transplants in mice were performed by Russell ...

Biology

Heterotopic Auxiliary Rat Liver Transplantation With Flow-regulated Portal Vein Arterialization in Acute Hepatic Failure

In acute hepatic failure auxiliary liver transplantation is an interesting alternative approach. The aim is to provide a temporary support until the failing native liver has regenerated.1-3 The APOLT-method, the orthotopic implantation of auxiliary segments- averts most of the technical problems. However this method necessitates extensive resections of both the native liver and the graft.4 In 1998, Erhard developed the heterotopic auxiliary liver transplantation (HALT) utilizing portal vein arterialization (PVA) (Figure 1). This technique showed promising initial clinical results.5-6 We developed a HALT-technique with flow-regulated PVA in the rat to examine the influence of flow-regulated PVA on graft morphology and function (Figure 2).
A liver graft reduced to 30 % of its original size, was heterotopically implanted in the right renal region of the recipient after explantation of the right kidney.&#160; The infra-hepatic caval vein of the graft was anastomosed with the infrahepatic caval vein of the recipient. The arterialization of the donor&#8217;s portal vein was carried out via the recipient&#8217;s right renal artery with the stent technique. The blood-flow regulation of the arterialized portal vein was achieved with the use of a stent with an internal diameter of 0.3 mm. The celiac trunk of the graft was end-to-side anastomosed with the recipient&#8217;s aorta and the bile duct was implanted into the duodenum. A subtotal resection of the native liver was performed to induce acute hepatic failure. 7
In this manner 112 transplantations were performed. The perioperative survival rate was 90% and the 6-week survival rate was 80%. Six weeks after operation, the native liver regenerated, showing an increase in weight from 2.3&#177;0.8 g to 9.8&#177;1 g. At this time, the graft&#8217;s weight decreased from 3.3&#177;0.8 g to 2.3&#177;0.8 g.
We were able to obtain promising long-term results in terms of graft morphology and function. HALT with flow-regulated PVA reliably bridges acute hepatic failure until the native liver regenerates.

Auxiliary liver transplantation provides a temporary support in acute hepatic failure, until regeneration of the failing liver. The heterotopic auxiliary liver transplantation (HALT) with portal vein arterialization (PVA) renders sufficient liver function. We developed an analogous technique in the rat, to examine the influence of the portal vein arterialization on the morphology and function of the graft.

Heterotopic עזר עכברוש כבד השתלה עם זרימה מוסדר פורטל וריד Arterialization בכישלון חריף כבדית

In acute hepatic failure auxiliary liver transplantation is an interesting alternative approach. The aim is to provide a temporary support until the ...

Technique of Porcine Liver Procurement and Orthotopic Transplantation using an Active Porto-Caval Shunt

The success of liver transplantation has resulted in a dramatic organ shortage. Each year, a considerable number of patients on the liver transplantation waiting list die without receiving an organ transplant or are delisted due to disease progression. Even after a successful transplantation, rejection and side effects of immunosuppression remain major concerns for graft survival and patient morbidity. 
Experimental animal research has been essential to the success of liver transplantation and still plays a pivotal role in the development of clinical transplantation practice. In particular, the porcine orthotopic liver transplantation model (OLTx) is optimal for clinically oriented research for its close resemblance to human size, anatomy, and physiology. 
Decompression of intestinal congestion during the anhepatic phase of porcine OLTx is important to guarantee reliable animal survival. The use of an active porto-caval-jugular shunt achieves excellent intestinal decompression. The system can be used for short-term as well as long-term survival experiments. The following protocol contains all technical information for a stable and reproducible liver transplantation model in pigs including post-operative animal care.

Experimental animal research plays a pivotal role in the development of clinical transplantation practice. The porcine orthotopic liver transplantation model (OLTx) closely resembles human conditions and is frequently used in clinically oriented research. The following protocol contains all information for a reliable porcine OLTx model using an active porto-caval-jugular shunt.

טכניקה של רכש כבד בשר חזירים והשתלות Orthotopic באמצעות פורטו-caval אנט פעיל

The success of liver transplantation has resulted in a dramatic organ shortage. Each year, a considerable number of patients on the liver transplantation ...

Mouse Kidney Transplantation: Models of Allograft Rejection

Rejection of the transplanted kidney in humans is still a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The mouse model of renal transplantation closely replicates both the technical and pathological processes that occur in human renal transplantation. Although mouse models of allogeneic rejection in organs other than the kidney exist, and are more technically feasible, there is evidence that different organs elicit disparate rejection modes and dynamics, for instance the time course of rejection in cardiac and renal allograft differs significantly in certain strain combinations. This model is an attractive tool for many reasons despite its technical challenges. As inbred mouse strain haplotypes are well characterized it is possible to choose donor and recipient combinations to model acute allograft rejection by transplanting across MHC class I and II loci. Conversely by transplanting between strains with similar haplotypes a chronic process can be elicited were the allograft kidney develops interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy. We have modified the surgical technique to reduce operating time and improve ease of surgery, however a learning curve still needs to be overcome in order to faithfully replicate the model. This study will provide key points in the surgical procedure and aid the process of establishing this technique.

Here, we present a protocol to study the immunology of rejection. The surgical model presented reports a short operating time and a concise technique. Depending on the donor-recipient strain combination, the transplanted kidney may develop acute cellular rejection or chronic allograft damage, defined by interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy.

השתלת כליה עכבר: מודלים של דחיית השתל

Rejection of the transplanted kidney in humans is still a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The mouse model of renal transplantation closely ...

Murine Kidney Transplant Technique

The first mouse kidney transplant technique was published in 19731 by the Russell laboratory. Although it took some years for other labs to become proficient in and utilize this technique, it is now widely used by many laboratories around the world. A significant refinement to the original technique using the donor aorta to form the arterial anastomosis instead of the renal artery was developed and reported in 1993 by Kalina and Mottram 2 with a further advancement coming from the same laboratory in 1999 3. While one can become proficient in this model, a search of the literature reveals that many labs still experience a high proportion of graft loss due to arterial thrombosis. We describe here a technique that was devised in our laboratory that vastly reduces the arterial thrombus reported by others 4,5. This is achieved by forming a heel-and-toe cuff of the donor infra-renal aorta that facilitates a larger anastomosis and straighter blood flow into the kidney.

The goal of this manuscript is to describe the steps required to perform a kidney transplant in a mouse, paying particular attention to the details of the arterial anastomosis.

טכניקת השתלת כליה בעכברים

The first mouse kidney transplant technique was published in 19731 by the Russell laboratory. Although it took some years for other labs to become ...

Orthotopic Rat Kidney Transplantation: A Novel and Simplified Surgical Approach

Kidney transplantation offers increased survival rates and improved quality of life for patients with end-stage renal disease, as compared to any type of renal replacement therapy. Over the past few decades, the rat kidney transplantation model has been used to study the immunological phenomena of rejection and tolerance. This model has become an indispensable tool to test new immunomodulatory pharmaceuticals and regimens prior to proceeding with expensive preclinical large animal studies.
This protocol provides a detailed overview of how to reliably perform orthotopic kidney transplantation in rats. This protocol includes three distinctive steps that increase the probability of success: perfusion of the donor kidney by flushing through the portal vein and the use of a cuff system to anastomose the renal veins and ureters, thereby decreasing cold and warm ischemia times. Using this technique, we have achieved survival rates beyond 6 months with normal serum creatinine in animals with syngeneic or tolerant kidney transplants. Depending on the aim of the study, this model can be modified by pre- or posttransplant treatments to study the acute, chronic, cellular, or antibody-mediated rejection. It is a reproducible, reliable, and cost-effective animal model to study different aspects of kidney transplantation.

The purpose of this manuscript and protocol is to explain and demonstrate in detail the surgical procedure of orthotopic kidney transplantation in rats. This method is simplified to achieve the correct perfusion of the donor kidney and shorten the reperfusion time by using the venous and ureteral cuff anastomosis technique.

אורתובנושא חולדה השתלת כליה: מגישת רומן וכירורגית פשוטה

Kidney transplantation offers increased survival rates and improved quality of life for patients with end-stage renal disease, as compared to any type of ...

Robot-Assisted Kidney Transplantation

This paper describes robot-assisted kidney transplantation (RAKT) from a living donor. The robot is docked between the parted legs of the patient, placed in the supine Trendelenburg position. Kidney allografts are provided by a living donor. Before vascular anastomosis, the kidney allograft is prepared by inserting a double-J stent in the ureter, and the temperature for the anastomosis is lowered by wrapping it in an ice-packed gauze. A 12 mm or 8 mm port for the robotic camera and three 8 mm ports for robotic arms are placed. A peritoneal pouch is created for the kidney allograft by raising the peritoneal flaps on both sides over the psoas muscle before dissecting the iliac vessels and bladder. A 6 cm Pfannenstiel incision is made to insert the kidney into the peritoneal pouch, lateral to the right iliac vessels. 
After clamping the external iliac vein with Bulldogs clamps, a venotomy is performed, and the graft renal vein is anastomosed to the external iliac vein in an end-to-side continuous manner with a 6/0 polytetrafluoroethylene suture. After clamping the graft renal vein, the iliac vein is declamped. This is followed by clamping of the external iliac artery, arteriotomy, arterial anastomosis with a 6/0 polytetrafluoroethylene suture, clamping of the graft renal artery, and declamping of the external iliac artery. Reperfusion is then carried out, and ureteroneocystostomy is performed using the Lich-Gregoir technique. The peritoneum is closed at a few locations with polymer locking clips, and a closed-suction drain is placed through one of the working ports. After deflating the pneumoperitoneum, all incisions are closed.

This paper provides technical details for robot-assisted kidney transplantation from a living donor.

השתלת כליה בסיוע רובוט

This paper describes robot-assisted kidney transplantation (RAKT) from a living donor. The robot is docked between the parted legs of the patient, placed ...

Porcine Liver Transplantation Without Veno-Venous Bypass As an Extended Criteria Donor Model

Liver transplantation is regarded as the gold standard for the treatment of a variety of fatal hepatic diseases. However, unsolved issues of chronic graft failure, ongoing organ donor shortages, and the increased use of marginal grafts call for the improvement of current concepts, such as the implementation of organ machine perfusion. In order to evaluate new methods of graft reconditioning and modulation, translational models are required. With respect to anatomical and physiological similarities to humans and recent progress in the field of xenotransplantation, pigs have become the main large animal species used in transplantation models. After the initial introduction of a porcine orthotopic liver transplant model by Garnier et al. in 1965, several modifications have been published over the past 60 years.
Due to specifies-specific anatomical traits, a veno-venous bypass during the anhepatic phase is regarded as a necessity to reduce intestinal congestion and ischemia resulting in hemodynamic instability and perioperative mortality. However, the implementation of a bypass increases the technical and logistical complexity of the procedure. Furthermore, associated complications such as air embolism, hemorrhage, and the need for a simultaneous splenectomy have been reported previously.
In this protocol, we describe a model of porcine orthotopic liver transplantation without the use of a veno-venous bypass. The engraftment of donor livers after static cold storage of 20 h - simulating extended criteria donor conditions - demonstrates that this simplified approach can be performed without significant hemodynamic alterations or intraoperative mortality and with regular uptake of liver function (as defined by bile production and liver-specific CYP1A2 metabolism). The success of this approach is ensured by an optimized surgical technique and a sophisticated anesthesiologic volume and vasopressor management.
This model should be of special interest for workgroups focusing on the immediate postoperative course, ischemia-reperfusion injury, associated immunological mechanisms, and the reconditioning of extended criteria donor organs.

In this protocol, a model of porcine orthotopic liver transplantation after static cold storage of donor organs for 20 h without the use of a veno-venous bypass during engraftment is described. The approach uses a simplified surgical technique with minimization of the anhepatic phase and sophisticated volume and vasopressor management.

השתלת כבד חזירי ללא מעקף ורידי כמודל תורם קריטריונים מורחבים

Liver transplantation is regarded as the gold standard for the treatment of a variety of fatal hepatic diseases. However, unsolved issues of chronic graft ...

Liver Transplantation in Rats and Analyzing Allograft Patency

Heterotopic Auxiliary Whole Liver Rat Transplant Model Utilizing a Hepaticoureterostomy for Allograft Rejection Studies

Small animal transplant models are indispensable for organ tolerance studies investigating feasible therapeutic interventions in preclinical studies. Rat liver transplantation (LTx) protocols typically use an orthotopic model where the recipients&#39; native liver is removed and replaced with a donor liver. This technically demanding surgical procedure requires advanced micro-surgical skills and is further complicated by lengthy anhepatic and lower body ischemia times. This prompted the development of a less complicated heterotopic method that can be performed faster with no anhepatic or lower body ischemia time, reducing post-surgery stress for the recipient animal.
This heterotopic LTx protocol includes two main steps: excising the liver from the donor rat and transplanting the whole liver into the recipient rat. During the excision of the donor liver, the surgeon ligates the supra-hepatic vena cava (SHVC) and hepatic artery (HA). On the recipient side, the surgeon removes the left kidney and positions the donor liver with the portal vein (PV), infra-hepatic vena cava (IHVC), and bile duct facing the renal vessels. Further, the surgeon anastomoses the recipient&#39;s renal vein end to end with the IHVC of the liver and arterializes the PV with the renal artery using a stent. A hepaticoureterostomy is utilized for biliary drainage by anastomosing the bile duct to the recipient&#39;s ureter, permitting the discharge of bile via the bladder.
The average duration of the transplantation was 130 min, cold ischemia duration was around 35 min, and warm ischemia duration was less than 25 min. Hematoxylin and eosin histology of the auxiliary liver from syngeneic transplants showed normal hepatocyte structure with no significant parenchymal alterations 30 days post-transplant. In contrast, 8-day post-transplant allogeneic graft specimens demonstrated extensive lymphocytic infiltration with a Banff Schema rejection activity index score of 9. Therefore, this LTx method facilitates a low morbidity rejection model alternative to orthotopic LTx.

The rat heterotopic auxiliary liver transplant protocol described here offers a practical investigational tool for exploring mechanisms of hepatic allograft rejection. This model helps to alleviate the surgical hurdles and animal stress of orthotopic liver transplantation in rats.

Small animal transplant models are indispensable for organ tolerance studies investigating feasible therapeutic interventions in preclinical studies. Rat ...

Orthotopic Porcine Kidney Transplantation: A Technique to Transplant Graft Kidney in Porcine Model

Source: Liu, W. J. et al., <a href="https://www.jove.com/v/61591">Orthotopic Kidney Auto-Transplantation in a Porcine Model Using 24 Hours Organ Preservation and Continuous Telemetry.</a> J. Vis. Exp. (2020).
This video describes orthotopic kidney auto-transplantation in a porcine model. This surgical procedure involves the transplantation of an animal&#39;s kidney graft at its original anatomical location. The model is used to investigate new treatments for end-stage kidney diseases in humans.

השתלת כליה חזירית אורתוטופית: טכניקה להשתלת כליה מושתלת במודל חזירי

Source: Liu, W. J. et al., Orthotopic Kidney Auto-Transplantation in a Porcine Model Using 24 Hours Organ Preservation and Continuous Telemetry. J. Vis. ...