המחברים מודים לד&quot;ר אנה Cotrim להתייעצות טכניים ד&quot;ר Monzur מורשד לציוד. עבודה זו הייתה חלק ממומן על ידי המכון הקנדי לחקר בריאות.

1. תיאור פרוצדורלי <ol style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> תת עורי להזריק μl 1 / משקל הגוף גרם monohydrate אטרופין 0.5 מ&quot;ג / מ&quot;ל ​​סולפט (Cat # 11330, Fluka, ארה&quot;ב) לעכבר כדי למנוע את כל הפרשות הרוק מן לשבש את התנועה של חליטות. </li><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> הרדימי כל עכבר עם משקל גוף μl 1 / g של קטמין מ&quot;ג / מ&quot;ל ו - 100 20 מ&quot;ג / מ&quot;ל xylazine (פיניקס מדעי, AR, ארה&quot;ב) פתרון מוזרק התוך צפקי (IP) </li><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> הנח את העכבר על פלטפורמה מחוייט פלסטיק במצב הגחון: החותכות לסתי נעולים על חוט מתכת, החותכות mandibular מחוברות על חוט אלסטי על מנת להחזיק את הפה פתוח. </li><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> השתמש מזרק אינסולין עם מחט 29-מד (Cat # 600145, Tyco Healthcare, מסצ&#39;וסטס, ארה&quot;ב) ממוקמים בתוך צינור פוליאתילן בקוטר 0.58 מ&quot;מ (Cat # 427410, בקטון דיקינסון, MD, ארה&quot;ב; איור 2). צינור פוליאתילן מוכנס 5mm על קצה מחט 29-מד. מחט משמש כמדריך נוקשה להזיז את הצינור לתוך צינור פוליאתילן של וורטון. צינור פוליאתילן מוכנס 3-5 מ&quot;מ בתוך צינור. שים לב, רק צינור פוליאתילן נכנס צינור בלוטת הרוק בעוד המחט נותרת מחוץ בצינור. הזרק 50ul מסונן של פתרון 0.4% trypan כתם כחול (Cat # 15250, Gibco, ארה&quot;ב) לתוך בלוטת submandibular דרך צינור של וורטון, הנמצא ממש מתחת ללשון. עירוי מועבר בהתמדה עם לחץ חיובי על הבוכנה מזרק; אצבע נשארת על הבוכנה גם אחרי כל העירוי נמסרה בלוטת, על מנת למנוע backflow של העירוי התוך דרך הפה. הפתרון כחול trypan משמש וידאו כמו צבע כדי להדגים את הטכניקה. </li><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> חרי את הזריקה של הפתרון trypan כחול, העכבר היה מורדמים לקראת לנתיחה. בלוטת הרוק נחשף בניתוח על מנת לקבוע כמה חליטות נותרו למעשה בבלוטת. </li></ol> 2. נציג תוצאות: לאחר חליטות הוזרקו, העכבר היה גזור כדי לחשוף את הבלוטה בניתוח שלאחר cannulated הרוק. כפי שמוצג על תמונה-2, צבע כהה של צינור של וורטון מספק ראיות כי הפתרון כחול trypan היה חדור בהצלחה. <img src="/files/ftp_upload/3074/3074fig1.jpg" alt="איור 1" /> באיור 1. Cannulation של בלוטת submandibular העכבר. <img src="/files/ftp_upload/3074/3074fig2.jpg" alt="איור 2" /> איור 2. פוליאתילן צינור עטוף סביב קצה מחט 29-מד. מחט המזרק משמש כמדריך נוקשה להזיז את הצינור לתוך צינור פוליאתילן של וורטון. צינור פוליאתילן מוכנס (cannulated) 3-5 מ&quot;מ בתוך צינור. שים לב, רק צינור פוליאתילן נכנס צינור בלוטת הרוק בעוד המחט נותרת מחוץ בצינור.

<ol>
	<li>Fox, P. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Acquired+salivary+dysfunction.+Drugs+and+radiation.">Acquired salivary dysfunction. Drugs and radiation.</a> Ann N Y Acad Sci. 842, 132-137 (1998).</li><li>Bhide, S. A., Miah, A. B., Harrington, K. J., Newbold, K. L., Nutting, C. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Radiation-induced+xerostomia:+pathophysiology,+prevention+and+treatment.">Radiation-induced xerostomia: pathophysiology, prevention and treatment.</a> Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 21, 737-744 (2009).</li><li>Redman, R. S., Ball, W. D., Mezey, E., Key, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dispersed+donor+salivary+gland+cells+are+widely+distributed+in+the+recipient+gland+when+infused+up+the+ductal+tree.">Dispersed donor salivary gland cells are widely distributed in the recipient gland when infused up the ductal tree.</a> Biotech Histochem. 84, 253-260 (2009).</li></ol>

כל הניסויים אושרו על ידי ועדת טיפול בבעלי חיים באוניברסיטת היו בהתאם להנחיות המועצה הקנדית על בריאות בעלי חיים.

הקושי בשיטה זו cannulation היא למנוע backflow הפתרון מוזרק. גם אם הפתרון trypan כחול העביר זמנית לתוך בלוטת הרוק בהצלחה, הפרשת רוק עלולים להפריע לתהליך חליטות ולגרום backflow הפתרון trypan כחול מתוך בלוטת. כאמצעי זהירות, בנוסף לשימוש אטרופין כדי לדכא את הפרשת הרוק, את הצינורית פוליאתילן...

<table border="1" style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"><tbody><tr><td> שם מגיב </td><td> סוג </td><td> חברה </td><td> מספר קטלוגי </td><td> הערות (אופציונלי) </td></tr><tr><td> אטרופין </td><td> תרופה </td><td> Fluka </td><td> 11330 </td><td> כדי לדכא את הפרשת הרוק </td></tr><tr><td> קטמין </td><td> תרופה </td><td> הפניקס מדעי </td><td></td><td> הרגעה </td></tr><tr><td> Xylazine </td><td> תרופה </td><td> הפניקס מדעי </td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> צינורות פוליאתילן (בקוטר 0.58 מ&quot;מ) </td><td> שפופרת </td><td> Intramedic PE-10, בקטון דיקינסון ניתוח מערכות </td><td> 427410 </td><td> כדי להוסיף על קצה המחט, כדי למנוע פגיעה ברקמה במהלך הכניסה לתוך צינור של וורטון. </td></tr><tr><td> נוחות Ultra מזרק אינסולין (עם מחט 29G) </td><td> מזרק </td><td> Tyco Healthcare </td><td> 600145 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> 4% trypan כחול </td><td> כתם </td><td> Gibco </td><td> 15250 </td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

cannulation of the mouse submandibular salivary gland via the wharton's duct

בלוטת הרוק חמור hypofunction נמצא לעתים קרובות בחולים עם תסמונת סיוגרן ואלה שקיבלו טיפולי הקרנה בראש שלהם ואזורים הצוואר לטיפול בסרטן. שתי קבוצות של סימפטומים מהמטופלים חווים כגון xerostomia (יובש בפה), הבליעה (לקויי בלעיסה ובבליעה), עששת חמורה, טעם שונה, oro-בלוע זיהומים (קנדידה), mucositis כאב ואי נוחות. גישה אחת חדשני של רפואה רגנרטיבית לטיפול בלוטת הרוק תת פונקציה משערים של RS רדמן, E Mezey et al 2009:. בתאי גזע ניתן להפקיד ישירות לתוך בלוטת ידי cannulation כשיטה עוצמה להחיות את הפונקציות של לקויי איברים. יש להניח, התאים נדדו גזע זר יהיה להתמיין לתאי הבלוטות לתפקד כחלק של בלוטת הרוק המארח. כמו כן, טכניקה זו cannulation היא שיטה המסירה רצוי ויעיל ליישום קליני גן ההעברה. כאן אנו מדגימים את השלבים הכרוכים בביצוע ההליך cannulation על בלוטת הרוק עכבר submandibular דרך צינור של וורטון (איור 1). C3H עכברים (צ&#39;ארלס ריבר, מונטריאול, QC, קנדה) משמשים עבור ניסוי זה, אשר נשמרו בתנאים רגילים נקיים במרכז אוניברסיטת מקגיל משאב בעל חיים. כל הניסויים אושרו על ידי ועדת טיפול בבעלי חיים באוניברסיטת היו בהתאם להנחיות המועצה הקנדית על בריאות בעלי חיים. לצורך ניסוי זה, פתרון trypan הכחול הוא החדיר לתוך בלוטת באמצעות פתיחת צינור של וורטון באמצעות מזרק אינסולין עם מחט 29-מד עטוף בתוך צינור פוליאתילן. לאחר מכן, העכבר הוא גזור להראות כי חליטות היגרו לתוך בלוטת בהצלחה.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Cannulation of the Mouse Submandibular Salivary Gland via the Wharton's Duct at JoVE.com

Cannulation of the Mouse Submandibular Salivary Gland via the Wharton's Duct

פרוטוקול עבור cannulation של בלוטת הרוק עכבר submandibular דרך צינור של וורטון מתואר. לצורך ניסוי זה, הפתרון כחול trypan משמש הצבעים כדי להדגים כיצד טכניקה זו יעילה מספק חליטות לתוך בלוטת ממוקד, ולהציע את האמינות של הגישה החדשה הזו כמו טיפול פוטנציאלי סמים / תא קליניות לגבי רגנרצית של בלוטות הרוק.

Cannulation של בלוטת הרוק באמצעות עכבר Submandibular Duct של וורטון

Severe salivary gland hypofunction is frequently found in patients with Sj&ouml;gren's syndrome and those who receiving therapeutic 
irradiation in their ...

cannulation-mouse-submandibular-salivary-gland-via-wharton-s

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25.9K Views.  McGill University. פרוטוקול עבור cannulation של בלוטת הרוק עכבר submandibular דרך צינור של וורטון מתואר. לצורך ניסוי זה, הפתרון כחול trypan משמש הצבעים כדי להדגים כיצד טכניקה זו יעילה מספק חליטות לתוך בלוטת ממוקד, ולהציע את האמינות של הגישה החדשה הזו כמו טיפול פוטנציאלי סמים / תא קליניות לגבי רגנ?...

Video: Cannulation of the Mouse Submandibular Salivary Gland via the Wharton's Duct

Permanent Cerebral Vessel Occlusion via Double Ligature and Transection

Stroke is a leading cause of death, disability, and socioeconomic loss worldwide. The majority of all strokes result from an interruption in blood flow (ischemia) 1. Middle cerebral artery (MCA) delivers a great majority of blood to the lateral surface of the cortex 2, is the most common site of human stroke 3, and ischemia within its territory can result in extensive dysfunction or death 1,4,5. Survivors of ischemic stroke often suffer loss or disruption of motor capabilities, sensory deficits, and infarct. In an effort to capture these key characteristics of stroke, and thereby develop effective treatment, a great deal of emphasis is placed upon animal models of ischemia in MCA.
Here we present a method of permanently occluding a cortical surface blood vessel. We will present this method using an example of a relevant vessel occlusion that models the most common type, location, and outcome of human stroke, permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO). In this model, we surgically expose MCA in the adult rat and subsequently occlude via double ligature and transection of the vessel. This pMCAO blocks the proximal cortical branch of MCA, causing ischemia in all of MCA cortical territory, a large portion of the cortex. This method of occlusion can also be used to occlude more distal portions of cortical vessels in order to achieve more focal ischemia targeting a smaller region of cortex. The primary disadvantages of pMCAO are that the surgical procedure is somewhat invasive as a small craniotomy is required to access MCA, though this results in minimal tissue damage. The primary advantages of this model, however, are: the site of occlusion is well defined, the degree of blood flow reduction is consistent, functional and neurological impairment occurs rapidly, infarct size is consistent, and the high rate of survival allows for long-term chronic assessment.

Permanent Cerebral Vessel Occlusion via Double Ligature and Transection

We describe a highly reproducible method for the permanent occlusion of a rodent major cerebral blood vessel. This technique can be accomplished with very little peripheral damage, minimal blood loss, a high rate of long-term survival, and consistent infarct volume commensurate with the human clinical population.

חסימת כלי דם מוחי בלתי הפיך<em&gt; דרך</em&gt; Ligature וחיתוך רוחב זוגי

Stroke is a leading cause of death, disability, and socioeconomic loss worldwide. The majority of all strokes result from an interruption in blood flow ...

Technical Aspects of the Mouse Aortocaval Fistula

Technical aspects of creating an arteriovenous fistula in the mouse are discussed. Under general anesthesia, an abdominal incision is made, and the aorta and inferior vena cava (IVC) are exposed. The proximal infrarenal aorta and the distal aorta are dissected for clamp placement and needle puncture, respectively. Special attention is paid to avoid dissection between the aorta and the IVC. After clamping the aorta, a 25 G needle is used to puncture both walls of the aorta into the IVC. The surrounding connective tissue is used for hemostatic compression. Successful creation of the AVF will show pulsatile arterial blood flow in the IVC. Further confirmation of successful AVF can be achieved by post-operative Doppler ultrasound.

The goal is to produce an arteriovenous fistula that is simple and reproducible. This method does not use sutures or glue adhesive. Therefore the samples can be used with the least amount of foreign materials for analysis.

היבטים טכניים של מורסת Aortocaval מאוס

Technical aspects of creating an arteriovenous fistula in the mouse are discussed. Under general anesthesia, an abdominal incision is made, and the aorta ...

Collecting Saliva and Measuring Salivary Cortisol and Alpha-amylase in Frail Community Residing Older Adults via Family Caregivers

Salivary measures have emerged in bio-behavioral research that are easy-to-collect, minimally invasive, and relatively inexpensive biologic markers of stress. This article we present the steps for collection and analysis of two salivary assays in research with frail, community residing older adults-salivary cortisol and salivary alpha amylase. The field of salivary bioscience is rapidly advancing and the purpose of this presentation is to provide an update on the developments for investigators interested in integrating these measures into research on aging. Strategies are presented for instructing family caregivers in collecting saliva in the home, and for conducting laboratory analyses of salivary analytes that have demonstrated feasibility, high compliance, and yield quality specimens. The protocol for sample collection includes: (1) consistent use of collection materials; (2) standardized methods that promote adherence and minimize subject burden; and (3) procedures for controlling certain confounding agents. We also provide strategies for laboratory analyses include: (1) saliva handling and processing; (2) salivary cortisol and salivary alpha amylase assay procedures; and (3) analytic considerations.

We demonstrate: (1) procedures for collection of salivary samples in cognitive impaired older adults by family caregivers in the home setting, (2) procedures for measuring stress activity via salivary cortisol and alpha amylase, and (3) representative profiles. Protocols that allow researchers to study stress-linked processes advance our understanding of biological sensitivity and susceptibility.

Salivary measures have emerged in bio-behavioral research  that are easy-to-collect, minimally invasive, and relatively inexpensive  biologic markers of ...

Mouse Kidney Transplantation: Models of Allograft Rejection

Rejection of the transplanted kidney in humans is still a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The mouse model of renal transplantation closely replicates both the technical and pathological processes that occur in human renal transplantation. Although mouse models of allogeneic rejection in organs other than the kidney exist, and are more technically feasible, there is evidence that different organs elicit disparate rejection modes and dynamics, for instance the time course of rejection in cardiac and renal allograft differs significantly in certain strain combinations. This model is an attractive tool for many reasons despite its technical challenges. As inbred mouse strain haplotypes are well characterized it is possible to choose donor and recipient combinations to model acute allograft rejection by transplanting across MHC class I and II loci. Conversely by transplanting between strains with similar haplotypes a chronic process can be elicited were the allograft kidney develops interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy. We have modified the surgical technique to reduce operating time and improve ease of surgery, however a learning curve still needs to be overcome in order to faithfully replicate the model. This study will provide key points in the surgical procedure and aid the process of establishing this technique.

Here, we present a protocol to study the immunology of rejection. The surgical model presented reports a short operating time and a concise technique. Depending on the donor-recipient strain combination, the transplanted kidney may develop acute cellular rejection or chronic allograft damage, defined by interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy.

השתלת כליה עכבר: מודלים של דחיית השתל

Rejection of the transplanted kidney in humans is still a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The mouse model of renal transplantation closely ...

Surgical Injury to the Mouse Pancreas through Ligation of the Pancreatic Duct as a Model for Endocrine and Exocrine Reprogramming and Proliferation

Expansion of pancreatic beta cells in vivo or ex vivo, or generation of beta cells by differentiation from an embryonic or adult stem cell, can provide new expandable sources of beta cells to alleviate the donor scarcity in human islet transplantation as therapy for diabetes. Although recent advances have been made towards this aim, mechanisms that regulate beta cell expansion and differentiation from a stem/progenitor cell remain to be characterized. Here, we describe a protocol for an injury model in the adult mouse pancreas that can function as a tool to study mechanisms of tissue remodeling and beta cell proliferation and differentiation. Partial duct ligation (PDL) is an experimentally induced injury of the rodent pancreas involving surgical ligation of the main pancreatic duct resulting in an obstruction of drainage of exocrine products out of the tail region of the pancreas. The inflicted damage induces acinar atrophy, immune cell infiltration and severe tissue remodeling. We have previously reported the activation of Neurogenin (Ngn) 3 expressing endogenous progenitor-like cells and an increase in beta cell proliferation after PDL. Therefore, PDL provides a basis to study signals involved in beta cell dynamics and the properties of an endocrine progenitor in adult pancreas. Since, it still remains largely unclear, which factors and pathways contribute to beta cell neogenesis and proliferation in PDL, a standardized protocol for PDL will allow for comparison across laboratories.

This protocol describes an injury model involving the surgical ligation of the pancreatic duct in the adult mouse pancreas, resulting in severe injury that establishes an environment that allows beta cell neogenesis and proliferation. This model can be used as a tool to study mechanisms involved in beta cell formation.

פגיעה כירורגית ללבלב העכבר באמצעות קשירת של צינור הלבלב כמודל להאנדוקרינית ואקסוקרינית תכנות מחדש והפצה

Expansion of pancreatic beta cells in vivo or ex vivo, or generation of beta cells by differentiation from an embryonic or adult stem cell, can provide ...

Retroductal Submandibular Gland Instillation and Localized Fractionated Irradiation in a Rat Model of Salivary Hypofunction

Normal tissues that lie within the portals of radiation are inadvertently damaged. Salivary glands are often injured during head and neck radiotherapy. Irreparable cell damage results in a chronic loss of salivary function that impairs basic oral activities, and increases the risk of oral infections and dental caries. Salivary hypofunction and its complications gravely impact a patient's comfort. Current symptomatic management of the condition is ineffective, and newer therapies to assuage the condition are needed. 
Salivary glands are exocrine glands, which expel their secretions into the mouth via excretory ducts. Cannulation of these ducts provides direct access to the glands. Retroductal delivery of a contrast agent to major salivary glands is a routine out-patient procedure for diagnostic imaging. Using a similar procedure, localized treatment of the glands is feasible. However, performing this technique in preclinical studies with small animals poses unique challenges. In this study we describe the technique of retroductal administration in rat submandibular glands, a procedure that was refined in Dr. Bruce Baum's laboratory (NIH)1, and lay out a procedure for local gland irradiation.

Salivary gland hypofunction, a major adverse effect of head and neck radiotherapy diminishes a patient's quality of life. The demonstration of efficacy of new therapies in animal models is a prerequisite before clinical transition. This protocol describes retroductal administration and local irradiation of rat submandibular glands.

Retroductal submandibular בלוטת החדרה ונקודות מופרדות הקרנה במודל עכברים של הרוק hypofunction

Normal tissues that lie within the portals of radiation are inadvertently damaged. Salivary glands are often injured during head and neck radiotherapy. ...

Pancreatic Duct Infusion: An Effective and Selective Method of Drug and Viral Delivery

The pancreas is a bifunctional organ with both endocrine and exocrine components. A number of pathologies can afflict the pancreas, including diabetes, pancreatitis, and pancreatic cancer. All three of these diseases mark active areas of study, not only to develop immediate therapy, but also to better understand their pathophysiology. There are few tools to further these areas of study. Pancreatic duct infusion is an important technique that can allow for lineage tracing, gene introduction, and cell line-specific targeting. The technique requires the intricate dissection of the second portion of the duodenum and ampulla, followed by the occlusion of the bile duct and the cannulation of the pancreatic duct. Although the technique is technically challenging at first, the applications are myriad. Ambiguity in the specifics of the procedure between groups highlighted the need for a standard protocol. This work describes the expression of a green fluorescent protein (GFP) within the pancreas after the pancreatic duct infusion of a viral vector expressing GFP versus a sham surgery. The infusion and therefore expression is specific to the pancreas, without expression present in any other tissue type.

Pancreatic duct infusion is an important technique that can allow for lineage tracing, gene introduction, and cell line-specific targeting. A pancreatic duct infusion technique for drug and viral delivery to pancreatic cells is presented here.

עירוי צינור הלבלב: שיטה יעילה וסלקטיבית של סמים ומשלוח ויראלי

The pancreas is a bifunctional organ with both endocrine and exocrine components. A number of pathologies can afflict the pancreas, including diabetes, ...

Murine Salivary Functional Assessment via Pilocarpine Stimulation Following Fractionated Radiation

Hyposalivation is commonly observed in the autoimmune reaction of Sj&#246;gren's syndrome or following radiation injury to the major salivary glands. In these cases, questions remain regarding disease pathogenesis and effective interventions. An optimized technique that allows functional assessment of the salivary glands is invaluable for investigating exocrine gland biology, dysfunction, and therapeutics. Here, we present a step by step approach to performing pilocarpine stimulated saliva secretion, including tracheostomy and the dissection of the three major murine salivary glands. We also detail the appropriate murine head and neck anatomy accessed during these techniques. This approach is scalable, allowing for multiple mice to be processed simultaneously, thus improving the efficiency of the work flow. We aim to improve the reproducibility of these methods, each of which has further applications within the field. In addition to saliva collection, we discuss metrics for quantifying and normalizing functional capacity of these tissues. Representative data are included from submandibular glands with depressed salivary gland function 2 weeks following fractionated radiation (4 doses of 6.85 Gy).

We present a detailed approach to performing saliva collection, including murine tracheostomy and the isolation of three major salivary glands.

מאתר הערכה תפקודית הרוק באמצעות בעקבות גירוי פילוקרפין Fractionated קרינה

Hyposalivation is commonly observed in the autoimmune reaction of Sj&#246;gren's syndrome or following radiation injury to the major salivary glands. In ...

Radiation Treatment of Organotypic Cultures from Submandibular and Parotid Salivary Glands Models Key In Vivo Characteristics

Hyposalivation and xerostomia create chronic oral complications that decrease the quality of life in head and neck cancer patients who are treated with radiotherapy. Experimental approaches to understanding mechanisms of salivary gland dysfunction and restoration have focused on in vivo models, which are handicapped by an inability to systematically screen therapeutic candidates and efficiencies in transfection capability to manipulate specific genes. The purpose of this salivary gland organotypic culture protocol is to evaluate maximal time of culture viability and characterize cellular changes following ex vivo radiation treatment. We utilized immunofluorescent staining and confocal microscopy to determine when specific cell populations and markers are present during a 30-day culture period. In addition, cellular markers previously reported in in vivo radiation models are evaluated in cultures that are irradiated ex vivo. Moving forward, this method is an attractive platform for rapid ex vivo assessment of murine and human salivary gland tissue responses to therapeutic agents that improve salivary function.

Using three-dimensional organotypic cultures to visualize morphology and functional markers of salivary glands may provide novel insights into the mechanisms of tissue damage following radiation. Described here is a protocol to section, culture, irradiate, stain, and image 50&#8211;90 &#956;m thick salivary gland sections prior to and following exposure to ionizing radiation.

הטיפול בקרינה של תרבויות אורגנוטימית מתוך הלסת התחתונה ובלוטות הרוק פרודה מודלים מפתח Vivo מאפיינים

Hyposalivation and xerostomia create chronic oral complications that decrease the quality of life in head and neck cancer patients who are treated with ...

A Mouse Model for Chronic Pancreatitis via Bile Duct TNBS Infusion

Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a complex disease involving pancreatic inflammation and fibrosis, glandular atrophy, abdominal pain and other symptoms. Several rodent models have been developed to study CP, of which the bile duct 2,4,6 -trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) infusion model replicates the features of neuropathic pain seen in CP. However, bile duct drug infusion in mice is technically challenging. This protocol demonstrates the procedure of bile duct TNBS infusion for generation of a CP mouse model. TNBS was infused into the pancreas through the ampulla of Vater in the duodenum. This protocol optimized drug volume, surgical techniques, and drug handling during the procedure. TNBS-treated mice showed features of CP as reflected by bodyweight and pancreas weight reductions, changes in pain-associated behaviors, and abnormal pancreatic morphology. With these improvements, mortality associated with TNBS injection was minimal. This procedure is not only critical in generating pancreatic disease models but is also useful in local pancreatic drug delivery.

Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a disease characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of the pancreas, often associated with intractable abdominal pain. This article focuses on refining the technique to generate a mouse model of CP via bile duct infusion with 2,4,6 -trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS).

מודל עכבר לדלקת לבלב כרונית באמצעות עירוי TNBS צינור המרה

Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a complex disease involving pancreatic inflammation and fibrosis, glandular atrophy, abdominal pain and other symptoms. ...