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23 ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN JoVE

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Medicine

Implantation of a Carotid Cuff for Triggering Shear-stress Induced Atherosclerosis in Mice
Michael T. Kuhlmann 1, Simon Cuhlmann 2,3, Irmgard Hoppe 1, Rob Krams 3, Paul C. Evans 2, Gustav J. Strijkers 4, Klaas Nicolay 4, Sven Hermann 1, Michael Schäfers 1
1European Institute for Molecular Imaging, Westfälische Wilhelms-University Münster, 2British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Sciences Unit, Imperial College London , 3Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London , 4Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology

The constricting cuff presented in this article is designed to induce atherosclerosis in the murine common carotid artery. Due to the conical shape of its inner lumen the implanted cuff generates well-defined regions of low, high and oscillatory shear stress triggering the development of atherosclerotic lesions of different inflammatory phenotypes.

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Behavior

Training Synesthetic Letter-color Associations by Reading in Color
Olympia Colizoli 1, Jaap M. J. Murre 1, Romke Rouw 1
1Brain and Cognition, University of Amsterdam

Reading in color is a new method for training letter-color associations that are typically found only in grapheme-color synesthetes. It involves an implicit form of training that has potential for long-term associative training methods because the training is a byproduct of reading and any text can be colored.

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Immunology and Infection

Methods for Quantitative Detection of Antibody-induced Complement Activation on Red Blood Cells
Elisabeth M. Meulenbroek 1, Diana Wouters 1, Sacha Zeerleder 1,2
1Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 2Department of Hematology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam

Here we describe two assays for measuring complement activation induced by antibodies against red blood cells. The major advantage over the current assays is their quantitative and easy-to-interpret nature.

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Medicine

An Affordable HIV-1 Drug Resistance Monitoring Method for Resource Limited Settings
Justen Manasa 1, Siva Danaviah 1, Sureshnee Pillay 1, Prevashinee Padayachee 1, Hloniphile Mthiyane 1, Charity Mkhize 1, Richard John Lessells 1, Christopher Seebregts 2, Tobias F. Rinke de Wit 3, Johannes Viljoen 1, David Katzenstein 4, Tulio De Oliveira 1
1Africa Centre for Health and Population Studies, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa, 2Unit D11, Jembi Health Systems, 3Academic Medical Center, Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development (AIGHD), University of Amsterdam, 4Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Centre for AIDS Research, Stanford Medical School

Drug resistance testing for HIV-1 infected individuals failing antiretroviral therapy (ART) can guide future therapies and improve treatment outcomes. Optimizing individual and population health outcomes in high HIV prevalence but resource-limited settings will ultimately require affordable and accessible drug resistance genotyping and interpretation methods.

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Neuroscience

Imaging Dendritic Spines of Rat Primary Hippocampal Neurons using Structured Illumination Microscopy
Marijn Schouten *1, Giulia M. R. De Luca *2, Diana K. Alatriste González 1, Babette E. de Jong 2, Wendy Timmermans 1, Hui Xiong 1, Harm Krugers 1, Erik M. M. Manders 2, Carlos P. Fitzsimons 1
1Center for Neuroscience, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 2Van Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy, Section Molecular Cytology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam

This article describes a working protocol to image dendritic spines from hippocampal neurons in vitro using Structured Illumination Microscopy (SIM). Super-resolution microscopy using SIM provides image resolution significantly beyond the light diffraction limit in all three spatial dimensions, allowing the imaging of individual dendritic spines with improved detail.

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Environment

Application of Two-spotted Spider Mite Tetranychus urticae for Plant-pest Interaction Studies
Marc Cazaux *1,2, Marie Navarro *1,2, Kristie A. Bruinsma *1, Vladimir Zhurov *1, Tara Negrave 1, Thomas Van Leeuwen 3,4, Vojislava Grbic 1,2, Miodrag Grbic 1,2
1Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, 2Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y el Vino, 3Department of Crop Protection, Ghent University, 4Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam

Protocols for efficient preparation of homogenous samples of spider mites, infestation of experimental plants, and assessment of plant damage, as required for studies of plant-pest interaction were developed.

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Behavior

Disrupting Reconsolidation of Fear Memory in Humans by a Noradrenergic β-Blocker
Merel Kindt 1, Marieke Soeter 1, Dieuwke Sevenster 1
1Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Amsterdam

Disrupting reconsolidation is a promising approach to dampen the behavioral expression of fear memory in patients with anxiety disorders or posttraumatic stress disorder. In a series of human fear conditioning studies we showed that disrupting reconsolidation by the noradrenergic β-blocker propranolol is very effective in erasing conditioned fear responding.

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Chemistry

Post Column Derivatization Using Reaction Flow High Performance Liquid Chromatography Columns
Andrew Jones 1, Sercan Pravadali-Cekic 1, Stanley Hua 1, Danijela Kocic 1, Michelle Camenzuli 2, Gary Dennis 1, Andrew Shalliker 1
1School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, 2Van′t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam

A protocol for the use of reaction flow high performance liquid chromatography columns for methods employing post column derivatization (PCD) is presented.

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Genetics

Generating Transgenic Plants with Single-copy Insertions Using BIBAC-GW Binary Vector
Mariliis Tark-Dame 1, Blaise Weber 1, Mara de Sain 1, Damar Tri Anggoro 1, Rechien Bader 1, Aimee Walmsley 1, Rurika Oka 1, Maike Stam 1
1Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam

Using a pBIBAC-GW binary vector makes generating transgenic plants with intact single-copy insertions, an easy process. Here, a series of protocols is presented that guide the reader through the process of generating transgenic Arabidopsis plants, and testing the plants for intactness and copy number of the inserts.

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Bioengineering

Visualization of Germinosomes and the Inner Membrane in Bacillus subtilis Spores
Juan Wen 1, Raymond Pasman 1, Erik M.M. Manders *2,3, Peter Setlow *4, Stanley Brul *1
1Molecular Biology and Microbial Food Safety, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 2Van Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 3Confocal.nl BV., 4Dept. of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, UConn Health

Germinant receptor proteins cluster in ‘germinosomes’ in the inner membrane of Bacillus subtilis spores. We describe a protocol using super resolution microscopy and fluorescent reporter proteins to visualize germinosomes. The protocol also identifies spore inner membrane domains that are preferentially stained with the membrane dye FM4-64.

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Genetics

Characterizing Mutational Load and Clonal Composition of Human Blood
Axel Rosendahl Huber 1, Freek Manders 1, Rurika Oka 1, Ruben van Boxtel 1
1Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology

Somatic mutation patterns in cells reflect previous mutagenic exposure and can reveal developmental lineage relationships. Presented here is a methodology to catalogue and analyze somatic mutations in individual hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells.

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Bioengineering

Bulk Droplet Vitrification for Primary Hepatocyte Preservation
Reinier J. de Vries 1,2,3, Peony D. Banik 1,2, Sonal Nagpal 1,2, Lindong Weng 1,2, Sinan Ozer 1,2, Thomas M. van Gulik 3, Mehmet Toner 1,2, Shannon N. Tessier 1,2, Korkut Uygun 1,2
1Center for Engineering in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, 2Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, 3Department of Surgery, University of Amsterdam

This manuscript describes an ice-free cryopreservation method for large quantities of rat hepatocytes whereby primary cells are pre-incubated with cryoprotective agents at a low concentration and vitrified in large droplets.

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Medicine

Robotic Enucleation of an Intra-Pancreatic Insulinoma in the Pancreatic Head
E. Kaçmaz 1, M.J.W. Zwart 1, A.F. Engelsman 1,2, O.R. Busch 1, E.J.M. Nieveen van Dijkum 1,2, M.G. Besselink 1
1Department of Surgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 2ENETS Center of Excellence, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam

Here, we present a robotic approach to enucleate an insulinoma in the pancreatic head.

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Medicine

Robotic Lateral Pancreaticojejunostomy for Chronic Pancreatitis
Alberto Balduzzi *1,2, Maurice J. W. Zwart *1, Rens M. A. Kempeneers 1, Marja A. Boermeester 1, Olivier R. Busch 1, Marc G. Besselink 1
1Department of Surgery, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 2General and Pancreatic Surgery Department, Pancreas Institute, University and Hospital Trust of Verona

Robotic lateral pancreaticojejunostomy (RLPJ) may be used in patients with painful, morphine dependent, chronic pancreatitis and a dilated main pancreatic duct. We describe a standardized and reproducible technique for RLPJ, which includes transection of the gastroduodenal artery.

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Medicine

Laparoscopic Radical Left Pancreatectomy for Pancreatic Cancer: Surgical Strategy and Technique Video
Frederique L. Vissers 1, Maurice J.W. Zwart 1, Alberto Balduzzi 1,3, Maarten Korrel 1, Sanne Lof 2, Mohammad Abu Hilal *2, Marc G. Besselink *1
1Department of Surgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 2Department of Surgery, Southampton University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, 3General and Pancreatic Surgery Department, Pancreas Institute, University and Hospital Trust of Verona

Oncologically safe left pancreatectomy requires radical resection (R0), Gerota’s (perirenal) fascia resection, and adequate lymph node dissection. This study describes the technical details of laparoscopic radical left pancreatectomy (LRLP), used in the first international multicenter randomized trial comparing minimally invasive with open left pancreatectomy for pancreatic cancer, the DIPLOMA trial.

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Medicine

DIPLOMA Approach for Standardized Pathology Assessment of Distal Pancreatectomy Specimens
Sanne Lof 1, Rushda Rajak 2, Frederique L. I. M. Vissers 3, Maarten Korrel 3, Adrian Bateman 2, Johanna Verheij 4, Caroline Verbeke 5, Ivana Cataldo 6, Marc G. Besselink 3, Mohammed Abu Hilal 1
1Department of Surgery, Southampton University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, 2Department of Pathology, Southampton University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, 3Department of Surgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 4Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 5Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital & University of Oslo, 6Department of Pathology, Ca Foncello Hospital

The current study highlights a standardized approach to the macroscopic assessment of distal pancreatectomy specimens for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, with special emphasis on the measurement of pancreatic dimensions and those of other organs, inking of margins, measurement of tumor size and proximity to margins, lymph node sampling and block selection.

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Developmental Biology

Recapitulating Suckling-to-Weaning Transition In Vitro using Fetal Intestinal Organoids
Tânia Martins Garcia 1, Marit Navis 1, Manon E. Wildenberg 1, Ruurd M. van Elburg 2, Vanesa Muncan 1
1Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tytgat Institute for Intestinal and Liver Research, Amsterdam UMC, AG&M, University of Amsterdam, 2Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam

This protocol describes how to mimic suckling-to-weaning transition in vitro using mouse late fetal intestinal organoids cultured for 30 days.

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Bioengineering

Quantification of Mouse Heart Left Ventricular Function, Myocardial Strain, and Hemodynamic Forces by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Mariah R. R. Daal 1, Gustav J. Strijkers 1,2, Claudia Calcagno 2, Ruslan R. Garipov 3, Rob C. I. Wüst 1,4, David Hautemann 5, Bram F. Coolen 1
1Department of Biomedical Engineering & Physics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 2BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 3MR Solutions Ltd., 4Laboratory for Myology, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 5Medis medical imaging systems B.V.

This study describes a comprehensive cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) protocol to quantify the left ventricular functional parameters of the mouse heart. The protocol describes the acquisition, post-processing, and analysis of the CMR images as well as assessment of different cardiac functional parameters.

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Medicine

Robotic Central Pancreatectomy with Roux-en-Y Pancreaticojejunostomy
Tess M.E. van Ramshorst 1, Maurice J.W. Zwart 1, Rogier P. Voermans 2, Sebastiaan Festen 3, Freek Daams 4, Olivier R. Busch 1, Matthijs W.N. Oomen 5, Marc G. Besselink 1, 1
1Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, 2Department of Gastroenterology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, 3Department of Surgery, OLVG, 4Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, 5Department of Pediatric Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, Emma Children's Hospital

Robotic central pancreatectomy may be used in selected patients in experienced centers. This protocol presents all steps and the feasibility of a robotic central pancreatectomy with Roux-en-Y pancreaticojejunostomy in a 16-year-old adolescent patient.

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Cancer Research

Robotic Pancreatoduodenectomy for Pancreatic Head Cancer: a Case Report of a Standardized Technique
Maurice J. W. Zwart *1,2, Leia R. Jones *1,2,3, Melissa E. Hogg 4, Johanna A. M. G. Tol 1,2, Mohammad Abu Hilal 3, Freek Daams 5, Sebastiaan Festen 6, Olivier R. Busch 1,2, Marc G. Besselink 1,2,
1Department of Surgery, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, 2Cancer Center Amsterdam, the Netherlands, 3Department of General Surgery, Istituto Ospedaliero Fondazione Poliambulanza, 4Department of Surgery, Northshore University Health System, 5Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Cancer Center Amsterdam, 6Department of Surgery, OLVG

Robotic pancreatoduodenctomy (RPD) has been highly standardized in recent years and may be used in selected patients with pancreatic head cancer, including those with a replaced right hepatic artery. This case report describes a standardized and reproducible technique for RPD, which includes the approach of the Dutch LAELAPS-3 training program to an aberrant vasculature.

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Medicine

Robotic Left Hepatectomy using Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Imaging for an Intrahepatic Complex Biliary Cyst
Burak Görgec 1,2, Babs M. Zonderhuis 2,3, Marc G. Besselink 1,2, Joris Erdmann 1,2,3, Geert Kazemier 2,3, Rutger-Jan Swijnenburg 1,2,3
1Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, 2Cancer Center Amsterdam, 3Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit

Robotic liver surgery has gained more acceptance as a feasible, safe, and effective procedure for the treatment of both benign and malignant indications. However, robotic left hepatectomy is still technically demanding. We describe our surgical technique of a robotic left hepatectomy using indocyanine green fluorescence imaging for a large biliary cyst.

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Medicine

Using the Endoscope for Endobronchial Ultrasound in the Esophagus
Mohammad A. Issa 1, Paul F. Clementsen 2, Christian B. Laursen 3,4, Peter Vilmann 5,6, Ida S. Christiansen 7, Laurence Crombag 8, Uffe Bodtger 1,9
1Pulmonary Research Unit (PLUZ), Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zealand University Hospital, 2Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation (CAMES), Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 3Department of Respiratory Medicine, Odense University Hospital, 4Odense Respiratory Research Unit (ODIN), Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5Department of Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital, 6Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, 7Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 8Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 9Institute for Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark

Transesophageal ultrasound (EUS-B) is a safe and feasible procedure using the echoendobronchoscope (EBUS) in esophagus and stomach. After identifying six anatomical landmarks, additional structures can be identified and biopsied, sparing subsequent diagnostic sessions. Thus, EUS-B is an ideal continuation of bronchoscopy and EBUS in diagnosing lung cancer and other diseases.

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Medicine

Robotic D3 Partial Duodenal Resection with Primary Side-to-Side Anastomosis
Roberto Maria Montorsi 1,2,3, Sofia Xenaki 1,2,4, Sebastiaan Festen 5, Paul Fockens 2,6, Barbara A. J. Bastiaansen 2,6, Freek Daams 2,7, Olivier R. Busch 1,2, M. G. Besselink 1,2,
1Amsterdam UMC, Department of Surgery, University of Amsterdam, 2Cancer Center Amsterdam, 3Department of General and Pancreatic Surgery, The Pancreas Institute, University of Verona Hospital Trust, 4Department of General Surgery, University Hospital of Heraklion Crete, 5Department of Surgery, OLVG, 6Amsterdam UMC, Department of Gastroenterology, University of Amsterdam, 7Amsterdam UMC, Department of Surgery, Vrije Universiteit

This protocol presents a case of a robotic partial duodenal resection with primary side-to-side duodeno-jejunal reconstruction in a patient with a 5 cm duodenal stenosis. This is done at the third duodenal segment (D3) after an endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) for a duodenal polyp.

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