ultrasonic-assisted-extraction-cannabidiolic-acid-from-cannabis

Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Cannabidiolic Acid from <em>Cannabis</em> Biomass

Industrial hemp (Cannabis spp.) has many compounds of interest with potential medical benefits. Of these compounds, cannabinoids have come to the center ...

employing-aeroponic-systems-for-the-clonal-propagation-of-cannabis

Employing Aeroponic Systems for the Clonal Propagation of Cannabis

This protocol describes the standardization of an efficient clonal propagation technique of hemp by utilizing aeroponic systems. Primary shoot cuttings ...

tobacco-hornworm-as-an-insect-model-system-for-cannabinoid-pre

Tobacco Hornworm as an Insect Model System for Cannabinoid Pre-clinical Studies

With increased attention on cannabinoids in medicine, several mammalian model organisms have been used to elucidate their unknown pharmaceutical ...

Chuncheon Bioindustry Foundation

, an ascomycete phytopathogenic fungus, is the main causal agent of serious yield losses of economic crops worldwide. The fungus causes anthracnose disease on several fruits, including peppers. However, little is known regarding the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in the development of anthracnose caused by this fungus. In an initial step toward understanding the development of anthracnose on pepper fruits, we retrieved 624 transcription factors (TFs) from the whole genome of .  and comparatively analyzed the entire repertoire of TFs among phytopathogenic fungi. Evolution and proliferation of members of the homeobox-like superfamily, including homeobox (HOX) TFs that regulate the development of eukaryotic organisms, were demonstrated in the genus . .  was found to contain 10 HOX TF genes ( to ), which were functionally characterized using deletion mutants of each  gene. Notably,  was identified as a pathogenicity factor required for the suppression of host defense mechanisms, which represents a new role for HOX TFs in pathogenic fungi.  and  were found to play essential roles in conidiation and appressorium development, respectively, in a stage-specific manner in . . Our study provides a molecular basis for understanding the mechanisms associated with the development of anthracnose on fruits caused by . , which will aid in the development of novel approaches for disease management.  The ascomycete phytopathogenic fungus, , causes serious yield loss on peppers. However, little is known about molecular mechanisms involved in the development of anthracnose caused by this fungus. We analyzed whole-genome sequences of  and isolated 624 putative TFs, revealing the existence of 10 homeobox (HOX) transcription factor (TF) genes. We found that  is a pathogenicity factor required for the suppression of host defense mechanism, which represents a new role for HOX TFs in pathogenic fungi. We also found that  and  play essential roles in conidiation and appressorium development, respectively, in a stage-specific manner in . Our study contributes to understanding the mechanisms associated with the development of anthracnose on fruits caused by . , which will aid for initiating novel approaches for disease management.

Homeobox Transcription Factors Are Required for Fungal Development and the Suppression of Host Defense Mechanisms in the -Pepper Pathosystem.

 root is traditionally known to be effective in the treatment of diabetes in Korea.  root-specific compounds also show antioxidant effects, and could reduce lipid and fat accumulation, however, the underlying mechanism has not been clarified. In present study, the antioxidant and lipid-reducing effects of a 50% ethanol extract of  (REE) were investigated differentiated mouse preadipocytes (3T3-L1 cells). REE showed strong radical scavenging activities and inhibitory effect of total lipid accumulation and triglyceride levels in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells. In addition, REE treatment reduced the mRNA and protein levels of adipogenesis and lipogenesis markers. This REE-promoted lipid reduction was caused by downregulation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (), and sterol regulatory element binding protein1 () and down regulation of ERK expression. Overall, these results demonstrate the potential of REE for development of a drug in the medical treatment of lipid-associated disorders.

Joon-Hee Han

Chuncheon Bioindustry Foundation

Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Cannabidiolic Acid from Cannabis Biomass

Employing Aeroponic Systems for the Clonal Propagation of Cannabis

Tobacco Hornworm as an Insect Model System for Cannabinoid Pre-clinical Studies