Accedi

Repaglinide (Prandin) and Nateglinide (Starlix), known as glinides, are oral insulin secretagogues that stimulate insulin release from pancreatic β cells by closing the ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channel). Repaglinide controls insulin release from pancreatic β cells by managing potassium efflux. It shares two binding sites with sulfonylureas and also has a unique site, indicating overlapping mechanisms of action. With a rapid onset and a 4-7 hour duration, it effectively manages post-meal glucose spikes when taken right before meals. Hypoglycemia risk increases if meals are delayed, skipped, or low in carbohydrates. Suitable for elderly patients and those with severe sulfur or sulfonylurea allergies, it can be used alone or combined with biguanides.

Repaglinide is absorbed rapidly, reaching peak blood levels within an hour, making it suitable for pre-meal usage. It's mainly metabolized by the liver, with a small amount processed by the kidneys, necessitating caution in patients with renal insufficiency. Its major side effect is hypoglycemia, and its effectiveness can decline after initial improvements. Some drugs may enhance its action by altering its metabolism or displacing it from plasma protein-binding sites.

Nateglinide promotes insulin secretion swiftly but less enduringly than other oral antidiabetic agents. It effectively reduces post-meal glycemic spikes when taken shortly before meals. Metabolized primarily by hepatic CYPs, it should be used cautiously in patients with liver insufficiency. Certain drugs may reduce the glucose-lowering effect of nateglinide or increase the risk of hypoglycemia. Unlike other insulin secretagogues, nateglinide may lead to fewer hypoglycemic episodes but has similar secondary failure rates.

Dal capitolo 25:

article

Now Playing

25.12 : Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides

Insulin and Hypoglycemic Drugs

95 Visualizzazioni

article

25.1 : Glucose Homeostasis: Regulation of Blood Glucose

Insulin and Hypoglycemic Drugs

1.1K Visualizzazioni

article

25.2 : Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion

Insulin and Hypoglycemic Drugs

937 Visualizzazioni

article

25.3 : Insulin: The Receptor and Signaling Pathways

Insulin and Hypoglycemic Drugs

951 Visualizzazioni

article

25.4 : Pathophysiology of Diabetes

Insulin and Hypoglycemic Drugs

746 Visualizzazioni

article

25.5 : Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

Insulin and Hypoglycemic Drugs

451 Visualizzazioni

article

25.6 : Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy

Insulin and Hypoglycemic Drugs

189 Visualizzazioni

article

25.7 : Insulin: Biosynthesis, Chemistry, and Preparation

Insulin and Hypoglycemic Drugs

245 Visualizzazioni

article

25.8 : Insulin Formulations: Types and Delivery

Insulin and Hypoglycemic Drugs

121 Visualizzazioni

article

25.9 : Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects

Insulin and Hypoglycemic Drugs

102 Visualizzazioni

article

25.10 : Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Sulfonylureas

Insulin and Hypoglycemic Drugs

109 Visualizzazioni

article

25.11 : Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones

Insulin and Hypoglycemic Drugs

117 Visualizzazioni

article

25.13 : Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors

Insulin and Hypoglycemic Drugs

95 Visualizzazioni

article

25.14 : Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists

Insulin and Hypoglycemic Drugs

231 Visualizzazioni

article

25.15 : Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors

Insulin and Hypoglycemic Drugs

107 Visualizzazioni

See More

JoVE Logo

Riservatezza

Condizioni di utilizzo

Politiche

Ricerca

Didattica

CHI SIAMO

Copyright © 2025 MyJoVE Corporation. Tutti i diritti riservati