Ci piace riconoscere Marcelo Toro per l&#39;assistenza con la citometria a flusso. Questo studio è stato sostenuto dalla svedese Heart-Lung Foundation e, Commissione UE FP7 &quot;CardioCell&quot;, Consiglio svedese della ricerca, AFA assicurazioni e ALF. OB è stato sostenuto da Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.

1. Isolamento dei Nuclei Cardiac <ol><li> Coat tubi ultracentrifuga (Tubi centrifuga Beckman # 363664) con 10 ml di 1% BSA / PBS soluzione di rivestimento. Coprire le provette e farli ruotare per 30 minuti in un rotatore tubo. Rimuovere la soluzione di rivestimento e lasciare la centrifuga tubi aria secca (un tubo per il cuore di topo è richiesto per l&#39;analisi di cuore di topo singoli, alternativamente fino a 5 cuore di topo o 1 g di tessuto cardiaco da una specie diversa (ad esempio umano) può essere elaborato in un tubo). </li><li> Tutti i passaggi seguenti devono essere eseguiti sul ghiaccio. Sezionare il ventricolo sinistro del mouse dal cuore fresco o snap-frozen con un bisturi. Attenzione, questo protocollo è ottimizzato per il cuore del mouse, ma può anche essere adattato per ratto o cuore umano. In alternativa, utilizzare fino a 1 g di tessuto cardiaco da una specie diversa. </li><li> Tagliare il campione in cubicoli di piccole dimensioni con un bisturi. </li><li> Trasferire i pezzi di tessuto in un tubo Falcon da 50 ml riempito con 15 ml di tampone di lisi. </li><li> Omogeneizzare latessuto cardiaco con un T-25 Ultra-Turrax sonda omogeneizzatore (IKA) a 24.000 rpm per 10 sec. </li><li> Diluire l&#39;omogeneizzato con un volume uguale di tampone di lisi a 30 ml. </li><li> Utilizzare un bicchiere douncer (40 ml) per omogeneizzare ulteriormente il tessuto e il libero nuclei. Eseguire otto colpi con un pestello gioco di grandi dimensioni. </li><li> Passare il greggio isolare nuclei attraverso un 100 micron e 70 micron nylon mesh cellulare filtro (BD Biosciences), consecutivamente. </li><li> Centrifugare la nuclei grezzo isolato in una centrifuga refrigerata (4 ° C) a 700 xg per 10 min. </li><li> Rimuovere il surnatante attentamente invertendo i tubi e pulire l&#39;interno del tubo con carta assorbente. Fare attenzione a non disturbare il pellet nuclei. </li><li> Sciogliere il nuclei grezzo isolato in 5 ml di tampone saccarosio pipettando la soluzione più volte su e giù. Aggiungi un ulteriore 25 ml di tampone saccarosio alla disciolta pellet. </li><li> Aggiungere 10 ml di tampone saccarosio appena preparato al tubo rivestito ultracentrifuga (vedi punto 1.1). &lt;/ Li&gt; <li> Accuratamente sovrapporre il aggiunti 10 ml di tampone saccarosio con i nuclei pellet risospeso sciolto in tampone saccarosio dal passaggio 1,9. </li><li> Bilanciare le provette prima di metterli in un rotore JS13.1 libera oscillazione e posizionare il rotore in una centrifuga ad alta velocità (Beckman Avanti S-25). </li><li> Spin il campione nuclei a 13.000 xga 4 ° C per 60 min. </li><li> Quando la rotazione è stata completata, rimuovere i tubi accuratamente dal rotore e scartare il supernatante invertendo i tubi e pulire i detriti restante dall&#39;interno dei tubi con carta assorbente. </li><li> Sciogliere i nuclei pellet in 1 ml di tampone nuclei di stoccaggio (NSB più buffer). Nota: NSB più contiene 1,5 mM spermina come stabilizzante DNA. </li><li> Procedere con il punto 2.1, immunocolorazione dei nuclei cardiomiociti. </li></ol> 2. Immunoenzimatica per Citometria a Flusso <ol><li> Preparare il controllo negativo per immunocolorazione. Prelevare un &#39;aliquota di 20 microlitri di fuori del campione nuclei edd 980 pl di tampone NSB più. </li><li> Aggiungi anti-pericentriolar materiale 1 anticorpi (di coniglio anti-PCM-1, anticorpi Atlas) al campione nuclei in una diluizione di 1:500 per nuclei immunolabel cardiomiociti. Aggiungere l&#39;anticorpo isotipo nella stessa diluizione come l&#39;anti-anticorpo PCM-1 per il controllo negativo, preparato nella fase 2,1. </li><li> Incubare controllo negativo e la provetta a 4 ° C per una notte. </li><li> Lavare controllo negativo e campione almeno una volta con NSB più tampone (spin down tubi in una centrifuga refrigerata (4 ° C) a 700 xg per 10 min. Eliminare il surnatante e sciogliere il nuclei pellet in 1 ml di tampone più NSB). </li><li> Aggiungi anti-coniglio immunofluorescenza secondario (FITC o APC) al controllo negativo e la provetta in una diluizione di 1:1000. </li><li> Incubare controllo negativo e la provetta a 4 ° C per 1 h. </li><li> Lavare controllo negativo e campione almeno una volta con NSB più tampone (spin down tubi in una centrifuga refrigerata (4 ° C) a 700 xg per 10 min. Gettare il surnatante e sciogliere i nuclei pellet in 1 ml di NSB più buffer). </li><li> Procedere con l&#39;analisi di citometria di flusso e di smistamento. </li></ol> 3. Citometria a Flusso <ol><li> Coat nuclei provette Falcon (15 ml) con 1% BSA / PBS soluzione prima di iniziare la citometria a flusso di smistamento come descritto al punto 1,1. </li><li> Filtrare il campione e il controllo negativo tramite un setaccio cella 30 um e caricare il primo controllo negativo al citofluorimetro (Influx BD). Definire il primo cancello e la seconda per definire nuclei e canottiere (nuclei singola), sulla base di forward scatter (FSC), larghezza di impulso in avanti scatter (FS larghezza d&#39;impulso) e Side Scatter (SSC) (Fig. 2a e b). Aggiunta di un DNA macchia (DRAQ5 (1:500)) per il campione può aiutare a identificare la popolazione nuclei inizialmente. </li><li> Caricare il campione immunolabeled e definire la terza porta per isolare nuclei cardiomiociti (PCM-1-positve) da non-cardiomiociti nuclei (PCM-1-negativo). Avviare l&#39;ordinamento(Fig. 2c e d). </li></ol> Optional: Al fine di analizzare il contenuto nucleare di DNA (ploidia) e di eseguire l&#39;analisi del ciclo cellulare aggiungere un DNA adeguato macchia per i nuclei (ad esempio, Hoechst 33342 o DRAQ5) (Fig. 2e). <ol start="4"><li> Dopo cernita citometria di flusso, posizionare i nuclei su ghiaccio e ri-analisi per determinare la purezza di smistamento (Fig. 3a e b). </li><li> Centrifugare la nuclei ordinato nei tubi di raccolta a 1500 xg in una centrifuga refrigerata per 15 min. </li><li> Sciogliere il nuclei pellet in un buffer compatibile con l&#39;applicazione a valle. </li></ol> 4. Risultati rappresentativi Nuclei morfologia e l&#39;integrità può essere valutata attraverso macchie di DNA e visualizzati al microscopio (Fig. 1). Successo PCM-1 di etichettatura può essere valutata mediante microscopia in epifluorescenza e mediante citometria a flusso (Fig. 1 e Fig. 2c e d). PCM-1-positiVE e popolazioni negativi devono essere ben separati uno dall&#39;altro (Fig. 2c e d). In murino ventricolo sinistro circa il 30% di tutti i nuclei dovrebbe essere nuclei cardiomiociti (Fig. 2d). Ordinamento purezza può essere valutata da ri-analizzando i nuclei ordinati (Fig. 3a e b). Entrambe le popolazioni nuclei dovrebbe avere una purezza superiore al 95% di smistamento. <img alt="Figura 1" src="/files/ftp_upload/4205/4205fig1.jpg" /> Figura 1. PCM-1 identifica nuclei cardiomiociti. Nuclei cardiaca (a) vengono colorate con anticorpi anti PCM-1 (b) e per Nkx2.5 (c) in un cuore topo adulto. (D) PCM-1-marcato nuclei sono circondati da citoplasma cardiomiociti (catena pesante della miosina (MHC)) ed esprimere il fattore di trascrizione Nkx2.5, che documenta l&#39;identificazione accurata dei nuclei cardiomiociti da PCM-1 colorazione (scala di 20 bar e 10 micron micron (d, inserto)). (E) isolati nuclei cardiache visualizzati con il DNA macchia DRAQ5. (F e G) Cardiomyocnuclei yte sono etichettati con anticorpi contro il PCM-1 (scala bar 10 micron). Nota, il pattern di colorazione epinuclear PCM-1 in nuclei muscolari in sezione del tessuto e in nuclei isolati (frecce). <img alt="Figura 2" src="/files/ftp_upload/4205/4205fig2.jpg" /> Figura 2. Citometria a flusso ordinamento dei nuclei cardiomiociti. (A) nuclei Cardiac sono identificati dalla forward scatter (FSC) e lato scatter (SSC). (B) Una seconda porta identifica i singoli nuclei da FSC e FS larghezza di impulso 5. (C, d) gating fluorescente permette la separazione dei nuclei cardiomiociti (PCM-1-positive) e non-cardiomiociti (PCM-1-negativi) nuclei di tessuto cardiaco. (E) cardiomiociti mouse sono in gran parte (&gt; 80%) diploide (2n), solo un piccolo sottoinsieme è tetraploide (4n) 6. Nota, cardiomiociti umani contengono una maggiore frequenza di nuclei poliploidia (&gt; 2n) 7,8. <img alt="Figura 3" src="/files/ftp_upload/4205/4205fig3.jpg" /> <strong&gt; Figura 3. Analisi di purezza ordinati nuclei cardiomiocita e non cardiomiociti. Re-analisi di ordinato nuclei non cardiomiociti (a) e cardiomiociti (b). Entrambe le popolazioni mostrano una purezza superiore al 99% di smistamento.

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	<li>Ang, K. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Limitations+of+conventional+approaches+to+identify+myocyte+nuclei+in+histologic+sections+of+the+heart.">Limitations of conventional approaches to identify myocyte nuclei in histologic sections of the heart.</a> American journal of physiology. 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P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=DNA+content,+ploidy+level+and+number+of+nuclei+in+the+human+heart+after+myocardial+infarction.">DNA content, ploidy level and number of nuclei in the human heart after myocardial infarction.</a> Cardiovascular Research. 36, 45-51 (1997).</li><li>Adler, C. P., Friedburg, H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Myocardial+DNA+content.+ploidy+level+and+cell+number+in+geriatric+hearts:+postmortem+examinations+of+human+myocardium+in+old+age.">Myocardial DNA content. ploidy level and cell number in geriatric hearts: postmortem examinations of human myocardium in old age.</a> Mol. Cell Cardiol. 18, 3953-39 (1986).</li><li>Dubois, N. 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Identificazione accurata di nuclei cardiomiocita è cruciale per l&#39;analisi dei processi rigenerativi nel miocardio 2,3. Le tecniche convenzionali per isolare cardiomiociti di tessuto fresco si basa principalmente sulla digestione enzimatica delle proteine ​​della matrice extracellulare e la successiva purificazione dalle cellule interstiziali mediante centrifugazione a bassa velocità. Ulteriore purificazione di cardiomiociti viventi di cellule staminali embrionali (ESC) può essere eseguita da immuno...

<table border="1"><tbody><tr><td> 1. Lysis Buffer </td></tr><tr><td> Nome del reattivo </td></tr><tr><td> 0,32 M di saccarosio </td></tr><tr><td> 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH = 8) </td></tr><tr><td> 5 mM CaCl 2 </td></tr><tr><td> 5 mM acetato di magnesio </td></tr><tr><td> 2,0 mM EDTA </td></tr><tr><td> 0,5 mM EGTA </td></tr><tr><td> 1 mM DTT </td></tr></tbody></table><table border="1"><tbody><tr><td> 2. Saccarosio tampone </td></tr><tr><td> Nome del reattivo </td></tr><tr><td> 2,1 M saccarosio </td></tr><tr><td> 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH = 8) </td></tr><tr><td> 5 mM acetato di magnesio </td></tr><tr><td> 1 mM DTT </td></tr></tbody></table><table border="1"><tbody><tr><td> 3. Nuclei soluzione per la conservazione (NSB plus) </td></tr><tr&gt; <td> Nome del reattivo </td></tr><tr><td> 0,44 M di saccarosio </td></tr><tr><td> 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH = 7,2) </td></tr><tr><td> 70 mM KCl </td></tr><tr><td> 10 mM MgCl 2 </td></tr><tr><td> 1,5 mM spermina </td></tr></tbody></table><table border="1"><tbody><tr><td> Reagenti e materiale </td><td> Azienda </td></tr><tr><td> Isotipo IgG di coniglio ChIP-Grade, # ab37415 </td><td> Abcam </td></tr><tr><td> Coniglio anti-PCM-1 anticorpo, # HPA023374 </td><td> Atlas Anticorpi </td></tr><tr><td> Donkey sec. anticorpo anti-coniglio Alexa Fluor 488, # A-21.206 o equivalente sec. immunofluorescenza </td><td> Life Technologies </td></tr><tr><td> DRAQ5 </td><td> Biostatus </td></tr><tr><td> filtri cella 30 micron, 70 micron e 100 micron </td><td> BD Biosciences </td></tr><tr><td> Douncer vetro (40 ml) epestello &quot;L&quot; </td><td> VWR (Wheaton Industries Inc.) </td></tr><tr><td> T-25 Ultra-Turrax </td><td> IKA Germania </td></tr><tr><td> Disperdente strumento S25 N-18 G </td><td> IKA Germania </td></tr><tr><td> Centrifuga Beckman Avanti </td><td> Beckman Coulter </td></tr><tr><td> Provette Falcon da 15 ml e 50 ml </td><td> VWR </td></tr><tr><td> Tubi centrifuga Beckman # 363664 </td><td> Beckman Coulter </td></tr><tr><td> JS13.1 rotore oscillante libero </td><td> Beckman Coulter </td></tr><tr><td> Influx citometro </td><td> Beckman Coulter </td></tr><tr><td> Tubo Rotator </td><td> VWR </td></tr></tbody></table>

isolation of cardiomyocyte nuclei from post-mortem tissue

Identificazione dei nuclei cardiomiociti è stato impegnativo in sezioni di tessuto, come la maggior parte delle strategie di contare solo su proteine ​​marker citoplasmatici 1. Eventi rari in miociti cardiaci quali la proliferazione e l&#39;apoptosi richiedono una identificazione accurata dei miociti cardiaci nuclei di analizzare il rinnovamento cellulare in omeostasi e in condizioni patologiche 2. Qui, forniamo un metodo per isolare nuclei cardiomyocyte dal tessuto post mortem di sedimentazione densità e immunomarcatura con anticorpi contro materiale pericentriolar 1 (PCM-1) e la successiva selezione citometria a flusso. Questa strategia permette una analisi un elevato throughput e l&#39;isolamento con il vantaggio di lavorare altrettanto bene su tessuti freschi e congelati materiale d&#39;archivio. Ciò rende possibile studiare materiale già raccolto in biobanche. Questa tecnica è applicabile e testato in una vasta gamma di specie e adatto a molteplici applicazioni a valle, come il carbonio-14 datazione 3, cell-cyCLE analisi 4, la visualizzazione di analoghi della timidina (ad esempio BrdU e IDU) 4, l&#39;analisi del trascrittoma ed epigenetici.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Isolation of Cardiomyocyte Nuclei from Post-mortem Tissue at JoVE.com

Isolation of Cardiomyocyte Nuclei from Post-mortem Tissue

Nuclei cardiaca sono isolati tramite sedimentazione densità e immunolabeled con anticorpi contro materiale pericentriolar 1 (PCM-1) per identificare e ordinare nuclei cardiomiociti mediante citometria a flusso.

Isolamento dei Nuclei Cardiomyocyte dal post-mortem del tessuto

Identification of cardiomyocyte nuclei has been challenging in tissue sections as most strategies rely only on cytoplasmic marker proteins1. Rare events ...

isolation-of-cardiomyocyte-nuclei-from-post-mortem-tissue

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Medicine

16.9K Views.  University of Lund. Nuclei cardiaca sono isolati tramite sedimentazione densità e immunolabeled con anticorpi contro materiale pericentriolar 1 (PCM-1) per identificare e ordinare nuclei cardiomiociti mediante citometria a flusso.

Video: Isolation of Cardiomyocyte Nuclei from Post-mortem Tissue

Isolation of Human Islets from Partially Pancreatectomized Patients

Investigations into the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and islets of Langerhans malfunction 1 have been hampered by the limited availability of type 2 diabetic islets from organ donors2. Here we share our protocol for isolating islets from human pancreatic tissue obtained from type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic patients who have undergone partial pancreatectomy due to different pancreatic diseases (benign or malignant pancreatic tumors, chronic pancreatitis, and common bile duct or duodenal tumors). All patients involved gave their consent to this study, which had also been approved by the local ethics committee. The surgical specimens were immediately delivered to the pathologist who selected soft and healthy appearing pancreatic tissue for islet isolation, retaining the damaged tissue for diagnostic purposes. We found that to isolate more than 1,000 islets, we had to begin with at least 2 g of pancreatic tissue. Also essential to our protocol was to visibly distend the tissue when injecting the enzyme-containing media and subsequently mince it to aid digestion by increasing the surface area.
To extend the applicability of our protocol to include the occasional case in which a large amount (&gt;15g) of human pancreatic tissue is available , we used a Ricordi chamber (50 ml) to digest the tissue. During digestion, we manually shook the Ricordi chamber3 at an intensity that varied by specimen according to its level of tissue fibrosis. A discontinous Ficoll gradient was then used to separate the islets from acinar tissue. We noted that the tissue pellet should be small enough to be homogenously resuspended in Ficoll medium with a density of 1.125 g/ml. After isolation, we cultured the islets under stress free conditions (no shaking or rotation) with 5% CO2 at 37 &deg;C for at least 48 h in order to facilitate their functional recovery. Widespread application of our protocol and its future improvement could enable the timely harvesting of large quantities of human islets from diabetic and clinically matched non-diabetic subjects, greatly advancing type 2 diabetes research.

The supply of type 2 diabetic islets for research is insufficient. Here we share our protocol for isolating islets from patients undergoing partial pancreatectomy. This approach represents a unique venue for obtaining islets from type 2 diabetic and clinically matched non-diabetic subjects in adequate numbers for basic and clinical studies.

Isolamento di isole umane da pazienti parzialmente Pancreatectomized

Investigations into the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and islets of Langerhans malfunction 1 have been hampered by the limited availability of type 2 ...

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Medicina

Isolation of Cancer Stem Cells From Human Prostate Cancer Samples

The cancer stem cell (CSC) model has been considerably revisited over the last two decades. During this time CSCs have been identified and directly isolated from human tissues and serially propagated in immunodeficient mice, typically through antibody labeling of subpopulations of cells and fractionation by flow cytometry. However, the unique clinical features of prostate cancer have considerably limited the study of prostate CSCs from fresh human tumor samples. We recently reported the isolation of prostate CSCs directly from human tissues by virtue of their HLA class I (HLAI)-negative phenotype. Prostate cancer cells are harvested from surgical specimens and mechanically dissociated. A cell suspension is generated and labeled with fluorescently conjugated HLAI and stromal antibodies. Subpopulations of HLAI-negative cells are finally isolated using a flow cytometer. The principal limitation of this protocol is the frequently microscopic and multifocal nature of primary cancer in prostatectomy specimens. Nonetheless, isolated live prostate CSCs are suitable for molecular characterization and functional validation by transplantation in immunodeficient mice.

The isolation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) directly from human tissues is requisite for their biological characterization. This manuscript describes a methodology for the isolation of prostate CSCs from human tissues, while also providing tips on troubleshooting difficult steps.

Isolamento di cancro cellule staminali da campioni umani di cancro alla prostata

The cancer stem cell (CSC) model has been considerably revisited over the last two decades. During this time CSCs have been identified and directly ...

Isolation of Atrial Myocytes from Adult Mice

The electrophysiological properties of atrial myocytes importantly affect overall cardiac function. Alterations in the underlying ionic currents responsible for the action potential can cause pro-arrhythmic substrates that underlie arrhythmias, such as atrial fibrillation, which are highly prevalent in many conditions and disease states. Isolating adult mouse atrial cardiomyocytes for use in patch-clamp experiments has greatly advanced our knowledge and understanding of the cellular electrophysiology in the healthy atrial myocardium and in the setting of atrial pathophysiology. In addition, studies using genetic mouse models have elucidated the role of a vast array of proteins in regulating atrial electrophysiology. Here we provide a detailed protocol for the isolation of cardiomyocytes from the atrial appendages of adult mice using a combination of enzymatic digestion and mechanical dissociation of these tissues. This approach consistently and reliably yields isolated atrial cardiomyocytes that can then be used to characterize cellular electrophysiology by measuring action potentials and ionic currents in patch-clamp experiments under a number of experimental conditions.

This protocol is used to isolate single atrial cardiomyocytes from the adult mouse heart using a chunk digestion approach. This approach is used to isolate right or left atrial myocytes that can be used to characterize atrial myocyte electrophysiology in patch-clamp studies.

Isolamento dei miociti atriale dai topi adulti

The electrophysiological properties of atrial myocytes importantly affect overall cardiac function. Alterations in the underlying ionic currents ...

Electromechanical Assessment of Optogenetically Modulated Cardiomyocyte Activity

Over the past two decades, optogenetic tools have been established as potent means to modulate cell-type specific activity in excitable tissues, including the heart. While Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) is a common tool to depolarize the membrane potential in cardiomyocytes (CM), potentially eliciting action potentials (AP), an effective tool for reliable silencing of CM activity has been missing. It has been suggested to use anion channelrhodopsins (ACR) for optogenetic inhibition. Here, we describe a protocol to assess the effects of activating the natural ACR GtACR1 from Guillardia theta in cultured rabbit CM. Primary readouts are electrophysiological patch-clamp recordings and optical tracking of CM contractions, both performed while applying different patterns of light stimulation. The protocol includes CM isolation from rabbit heart, seeding and culturing of the cells for up to 4 days, transduction via adenovirus coding for the light-gated chloride channel, preparation of patch-clamp and carbon fiber setups, data collection and analysis. Using the patch-clamp technique in whole-cell configuration allows one to record light-activated currents (in voltage-clamp mode, V-clamp) and AP (current-clamp mode, I-clamp) in real time. In addition to patch-clamp experiments, we conduct contractility measurements for functional assessment of CM activity without disturbing the intracellular milieu. To do so, cells are mechanically preloaded using carbon fibers and contractions are recorded by tracking changes in sarcomere length and carbon fiber distance. Data analysis includes assessment of AP duration from I-clamp recordings, peak currents from V-clamp recordings and force calculation from carbon fiber measurements. The described protocol can be applied to the testing of biophysical effects of different optogenetic actuators on CM activity, a prerequisite for the development of a mechanistic understanding of optogenetic experiments in cardiac tissue and whole hearts.

We present a protocol for evaluating the electromechanical effects of GtACR1 activation in rabbit cardiomyocytes. We provide detailed information on cell isolation, culturing and adenoviral transduction, and on functional experiments with the patch-clamp and carbon-fiber techniques.

Valutazione elettromeccanica dell'attività cardiomiocite ottogeneticamente modulata

Over the past two decades, optogenetic tools have been established as potent means to modulate cell-type specific activity in excitable tissues, including ...

Model of Ischemic Heart Disease and Video-Based Comparison of Cardiomyocyte Contraction Using hiPSC-Derived Cardiomyocytes

Ischemic heart disease is a significant cause of death worldwide. It has therefore been the subject of a tremendous amount of research, often with small-animal models such as rodents. However, the physiology of the human heart differs significantly from that of the rodent heart, underscoring the need for clinically relevant models to study heart disease. Here, we present a protocol to model ischemic heart disease using cardiomyocytes differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPS-CMs) and to quantify the damage and functional impairment of the ischemic cardiomyocytes. Exposure to 2% oxygen without glucose and serum increases the percentage of injured cells, which is indicated by staining of the nucleus with propidium iodide, and decreases cellular viability. These conditions also decrease the contractility of hiPS-CMs as confirmed by displacement vector field analysis of microscopic video images. This protocol may furthermore provide a convenient method for personalized drug screening by facilitating the use of hiPS cells from individual patients. Therefore, this model of ischemic heart disease, based on iPS-CMs of human origin, can provide a useful platform for drug screening and further research on ischemic heart disease.

We present a model of ischemic heart disease using cardiomyocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells, together with a method for quantitative evaluation of tissue damage caused by ischemia. This model can provide a useful platform for drug screening and further research on ischemic heart disease.

Modello di cardiomiociti ischemici e confronto video-based della contrazione cardiomiocite utilizzando cardiomiociti derivati da hiPSC

Ischemic heart disease is a significant cause of death worldwide. It has therefore been the subject of a tremendous amount of research, often with ...

Isolation of Viable Adipocytes and Stromal Vascular Fraction from Human Visceral Adipose Tissue Suitable for RNA Analysis and Macrophage Phenotyping

Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is an active metabolic organ composed mainly of mature adipocytes and stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells, which release different bioactive molecules that control metabolic, hormonal, and immune processes; currently, it is unclear how these processes are regulated within the adipose tissue. Therefore, the development of methods evaluating the contribution of each cell population to the pathophysiology of adipose tissue is crucial. This protocol describes the isolation steps and provides the necessary troubleshooting guidelines for efficient isolation of viable mature adipocytes and SVF from human VAT biopsies in a single process, using a collagenase enzymatic digestion technique. Moreover, the protocol is also optimized to identify macrophage subsets and perform mature adipocyte RNA isolation for gene expression studies, which allows performing studies dissecting the interaction between these cell populations. Briefly, VAT biopsies are washed, minced mechanically, and digested to generate a single-cell suspension. After centrifugation, mature adipocytes are isolated by flotation from the SVF pellet. The RNA extraction protocol ensures a high yield of total RNA (including miRNAs) from adipocytes for downstream expression assays. Simultaneously, SVF cells are used to characterize macrophage subsets (pro- and anti-inflammatory phenotype) through flow cytometry analysis.

This protocol provides an efficient collagenase digestion method for isolation of viable adipocytes and stromal vascular fraction-SVF cells from human visceral fat in a single process, including methodology to obtain high-quality RNA from adipocytes and phenotypification of SVF-macrophages through staining of multiple membrane-bound markers for analysis by flow cytometry.

Isolamento di adipociti vitali e frazione vascolare stromale dal tessuto adiposo viscerale umano adatto per l'analisi dell'RNA e la fenotipizzazione dei macrofagi

Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is an active metabolic organ composed mainly of mature adipocytes and stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells, which release ...

Ultrasound-Guided Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocyte Implantation in Myocardial Infarcted Mice

The key objective of cell therapy after myocardial infarction (MI) is to effectively enhance the cell grafted rate, and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) are a promising cell source for cardiac repair after ischemic damage. However, a low grafted rate is a significant obstacle for effective cardiac tissue regeneration after transplantation. This protocol shows that multiple hiPSC-CM ultrasound-guided percutaneous injections into an MI area effectively increase cell transplantation rates. The study also describes the entire hiPSC-CM culture process, pretreatment, and ultrasound-guided percutaneous delivery methods. In addition, the use of human mitochondrial DNA help detect the absence of hiPSC-CMs in other mouse organs. Lastly, this paper describes the changes in cardiac function, angiogenesis, cell size, and apoptosis at the infarcted border zone in mice 4 weeks after cell delivery. It can be concluded that echocardiography-guided percutaneous injection of the left ventricular myocardium is a feasible, relatively invasive, satisfactory, repeatable, and effective cellular therapy.

Ultrasound-guided cell delivery around the site of myocardial infarction in mice is a safe, effective, and convenient way of cell transplantation.

Impianto di cardiomiociti derivati da cellule staminali pluripotenti indotte ecoguidate in topi infartuati miocardici

The key objective of cell therapy after myocardial infarction (MI) is to effectively enhance the cell grafted rate, and human induced pluripotent stem ...

Preparation of a Non-Cardiomyocyte Cell Suspension for Single-Cell RNA Sequencing from a Post-Myocardial Infarction Adult Mouse Heart

Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases, with increasing mortality worldwide. Non-cardiomyocytes account for more than half of the total cardiac cell population, and they contribute to adaptive compensations upon myocardial injury, including inflammatory responses, tissue repair, and scar formation. To study the post-MI cardiac microenvironment, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is widely used to identify different cardiac cell types and intercellular communications. Among the procedures of scRNA-seq sample preparation, preparing the cell suspension is one of the most critical steps, because the cell viability can affect the quality of the scRNA-seq results. Therefore, we designed an experimental protocol for preparing a non-cardiomyocyte cell suspension from post-MI mouse hearts with an extra focus on improving the cell viability by choosing mild digestive enzymes, controlling the digestion time, and applying fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Finally, we isolated CD45+ cells from the non-cardiomyocyte cell suspension obtained through this protocol, and then we performed scRNA-seq.

Here, we describe a protocol to isolate a sufficient amount of single non-cardiomyocytes with high viability from a post-myocardial infarction (MI) mouse heart. This can be used for subsequent single-cell sequencing, flow cytometry analysis, and primary cell culture.

Preparazione di una sospensione di cellule non cardiomiocitarie per il sequenziamento dell'RNA a singola cellula da un cuore di topo adulto post-infarto miocardico

Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases, with increasing mortality worldwide. Non-cardiomyocytes account for more ...

Isolation and Culture of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells With an Innovative Xenogeneic-Free Method for Human Therapy

Considering the increasing impact of stem cell therapy, biosafety concerns have been raised regarding potential contamination or infection transmission due to the introduction of animal-derived products during in vitro manipulation. The xenogeneic components, such as collagenase or fetal bovine serum, commonly used during the cell isolation and expansion steps could be associated with the potential risks of immune reactivity or viral, bacterial, and prion infection in the receiving patients. Following good manufacturing practice guidelines, chemical tissue dissociation should be avoided, while fetal bovine serum (FBS) can be substituted with xenogeneic-free supplements. Moreover, to ensure the safety of cell products, the definition of more reliable and reproducible methods is important. We have developed an innovative, completely xenogeneic-free method for the isolation and in vitro expansion of human adipose-derived stem cells without altering their properties compared to collagenase FBS-cultured standard protocols. Here, human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) were isolated from abdominal adipose tissue. The sample was mechanically minced with scissors/a scalpel, micro-dissected and mechanically dispersed in a 10 cm Petri dish, and prepared with scalpel incisions to facilitate the attachment of the tissue fragments and the migration of hASCs. Following the washing steps, hASCs were selected due to their plastic adherence without enzymatic digestion. The isolated hASCs were cultured with medium supplemented with 5% heparin-free human platelet lysate and detached with an animal-free trypsin substitute. Following good manufacturing practice (GMP) directions on the production of cell products intended for human therapy, no antibiotics were used in any culture media.

Xenogeneic (chemical or animal-derived) products introduced in the cell therapy preparation/manipulation steps are associated with an increased risk of immune reactivity and pathogenic transmission in host patients. Here, a complete xenogeneic-free method for the isolation and in vitro expansion of human adipose-derived stem cells is described.

Isolamento e coltura di cellule staminali umane derivate da adiposio con un innovativo metodo xenogenico-free per la terapia umana

Considering the increasing impact of stem cell therapy, biosafety concerns have been raised regarding potential contamination or infection transmission ...

Isolation, Culture, and Characterization of Primary Dermal Fibroblasts from Human Keloid Tissue

Fibroblasts, the major cell type in keloid tissue, play an essential role in the formation and development&#160;of keloids. The isolation and culture of primary fibroblasts derived from keloid tissue are the basis for further studies of the biological function and molecular mechanisms of keloids, as well as new therapeutic strategies for treating them. The traditional method of obtaining primary fibroblasts has limitations, such as poor cellular state, mixing with other types of cells, and susceptibility to contamination. This paper describes an optimized and easily reproducible protocol that could reduce the occurrence of possible issues when obtaining fibroblasts. In this protocol, fibroblasts can be observed 5 days after isolation and reach nearly 80% confluency after 10 days of culture. Then, the fibroblasts are passaged and verified using PDGFR&#945; and vimentin antibodies for immunofluorescence assays and CD90 antibodies for flow cytometry. In conclusion, fibroblasts from keloid tissue can be easily acquired through this protocol, which can provide an abundant and stable source of cells in the laboratory for keloid research.

This study describes an optimized protocol for establishing primary fibroblasts from keloid tissues that can effectively and steadily provide pure and viable fibroblasts.

Isolamento, coltura e caratterizzazione di fibroblasti dermici primari da tessuto cheloide umano

Fibroblasts, the major cell type in keloid tissue, play an essential role in the formation and development&#160;of keloids. The isolation and culture of ...