The authors declare that they have no competing financial interests.

動物は、バリア病原体フリーの施設に収容されている。すべての動物は、医学研究のための国立協会策定した「実験動物管理のプリンシパル」に準拠したヒューマンケアを受ける」と「実験動物の管理と使用に関する指針」は、全米科学アカデミーによって調製し、全国で公開衛生研究所（NIH公開番号86から23は、1985年改訂）。全ての実験は、オーストリアの文部科学省科学文化によって承認されています。 1。受信者の準備<ol><li>キシラジン（5 mg / kg体重）およびケタミン（100 mg / kg体重）の筋肉内注射で、レシピエント動物を麻酔。 </li><li>動物の左右頸部のすべての髪を取り外し、chlorhexdineを使用して術野を3回スクラブ。 </li><li>術野での仰臥位でマウスを置きます。 </li><li>次頸静incから皮膚切開を作る右下顎骨にision。 </li><li>続いて、ぶっきらぼうに右外頸静脈（EJV）を動員し、合字の間に枝を分ける。 </li><li>そして、カフの体の上の近位断端を裏返すのに十分な長さを残して確認して合字の間EJVを分割。 </li><li>次に顎下腺の右葉を取り除く。 </li><li>静脈吻合のためにポリエチレンカフを通じてEJVの近位端を通過し、マイクロクランプでカフのハンドルに固定します。 </li><li> 、容器の最後で合字を削除カフの上に内腔を裏返すと8-0シルクループ（ 図1a）で固定します。 </li><li>続いて総頸動脈へのアクセスを得るために、バイポーラ焼灼右側胸鎖乳突筋を横断する。 </li><li>次の総頸動脈を動員し、合字の間に血管を切った。 </li><li>次の総頸動脈を動員し、合字の間に血管を切った。 </li><li> DISを渡すTALカフを通して管の端部とは、動脈クランプで固定します。 </li><li>容器の最後で合字を削除し、血管dilatatorsを使用して内腔を膨張させる。次に、EJVと同様に、カフの上に動脈を裏返すと8-0絹ループで固定します。 </li></ol> 2ハート調達<ol><li>キシラジン（5 mg / kg体重）およびケタミン（100 mg / kg体重）の筋肉内注射でドナーマウスを麻酔。その後、動物の腹部領域の全ての毛を削除します。 chlorhexdineを使用して術野3時間をスクラブ。次に、前述のように手術野での仰臥位でマウスを置きます。 </li><li>腹部正中切開の後、下大静脈（IVC）を露出させるために左に綿棒で内臓を撤回。 </li><li>ヘパリン化のためのIVCに4ヘパリンナトリウム - ソリューション：1400μlのを注入。 </li><li>開胸を行い、ACCを得るために頭蓋の上に前胸壁を折る心臓にESS。 </li><li>次に、胸腺を除去して、左右の上大静脈内の切開を抜きます。 </li><li>その後、腕頭枝のレベルで27 Gの注射器と大動脈弓のカニュレーションによる4°摂氏HTK溶液と逆行心臓を灌流。 </li><li> 8-0絹糸で劣り、上大静脈を結紮し、合字に遠位にそれらを分ける。 </li><li>次に、前のカニュレーションのレベルで大動脈弓を分割し、肺動脈幹を自由に分析し、可能な限り遠位にそれを分割する。 </li><li>バルクライゲーションと肺静脈を結ぶと、合字に遠位にそれらを分割していることを示します。 </li><li>最後に、ドナー部位から心臓を除去し、4℃摂氏HTK溶液（ 図1b）に格納します。 </li></ol> 3注入<ol><li>逆さまの位置に受信者の首領域における心臓移植片を配置し（ 図1c </strong&gt;）。 </li><li>次に、受信者の静脈カフ構造体の上に、心臓の肺動脈幹を引っ張るとシルクループ（ 図1d）で固定します。 </li><li>グラフトの大動脈と同じ方法（ 図1e）の中で、レシピエント動物の裏返し動脈間の吻合を実行します。 </li><li>その後、動脈クランプし、続いて最初の静脈クランプを取り外します。心臓が再灌流され、1〜2分以内に暴行を開始します。再灌流の間、暖かい（35℃摂氏）生理食塩水で心を潤す。 </li><li>最後に6-0連続縫合（ 図1e）の持つ手術創を閉じる。 </li></ol> 4。術後ケア、エンドポイント<ol><li>水分補給のために、手術後0.3ミリリットルに生理食塩水を腹腔あきらめ。 </li><li>麻酔から覚醒するまで加熱ランプの下で動物を置きます。 </li><li>目を覚ましたら、彼らは食料と水を自由に受け取るの住宅施設に動物を返す。 </li><li>マイルへ最初の7術後日間nimize痛みはカルプロフェン（4mgの/ kgを12時間ごとに皮下（SC）を管理するとともに、5日間右操作後12時間毎にBuprenorphin（0.1ミリグラム/ kg）を与える。 </li><li>適切な栄養摂取のために評価するために、各レシピエント動物を毎週の重量（g）を取得します。以上の10〜15％の体重減少の証拠は手術日、無気力、壊滅的または非常に曲がった奥の重量と比較がある場合には、臨床的なエンドポイントに到達する前に、端末イソフルラン吸入を用いて動物を生け贄に捧げる。心が拒絶された後に、動物を生け贄に捧げる。 </li></ol>

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N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Late+graft+dysfunction+after+prolonged+cold+ischemia+of+the+donor+kidney+inhibition+by+cyclosporine.">Late graft dysfunction after prolonged cold ischemia of the donor kidney inhibition by cyclosporine.</a> Transplantation. 68, 1004-1010 (1999).</li><li>Kouwenhoven, E. A., Ijzermans, J. N., de Bruin, R. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Etiology+and+pathophysiology+of+chronic+transplant+dysfunction.">Etiology and pathophysiology of chronic transplant dysfunction.</a> Transpl Int. 13, 385-401 (2000).</li><li>Chen, Z. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+technique+of+cervical+heterotopic+heart+transplantation+in+mice.">A technique of cervical heterotopic heart transplantation in mice.</a> Transplantation. 52, 1099-1101 (1991).</li><li>Huang, X., Chen, D., Chen, L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=[A+modified+model+of+cervical+heterotopic+cardiac+transplantation+for+chronic+rejection+research].">[A modified model of cervical heterotopic cardiac transplantation for chronic rejection research].</a> Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi. 22, 1508-1510 (2008).</li><li>Hasegawa, T., Visovatti, S. H., Hyman, M. C., Hayasaki, T., Pinsky, D. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Heterotopic+vascularized+murine+cardiac+transplantation+to+study+graft+arteriopathy.">Heterotopic vascularized murine cardiac transplantation to study graft arteriopathy.</a> Nat Protoc. 2, 471-480 (2007).</li><li>Wang, C. Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Suppression+of+murine+cardiac+allograft+arteriopathy+by+long-term+blockade+of+CD40-CD154+interactions.">Suppression of murine cardiac allograft arteriopathy by long-term blockade of CD40-CD154 interactions.</a> Circulation. 105, 1609-1614 (2002).</li><li>Matsuura, A., Abe, T., Yasuura, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Simplified+mouse+cervical+heart+transplantation+using+a+cuff+technique.">Simplified mouse cervical heart transplantation using a cuff technique.</a> Transplantation. 51, 896-898 (1991).</li><li>Tomita, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Improved+technique+of+heterotopic+cervical+heart+transplantation+in+mice.">Improved technique of heterotopic cervical heart transplantation in mice.</a> Transplantation. 64, 1598-1601 (1997).</li><li>Zhou, Y., Gu, X., Xiang, J., Qian, S., Chen, Z. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+comparative+study+on+suture+versus+cuff+anastomosis+in+mouse+cervical+cardiac+transplant.">A comparative study on suture versus cuff anastomosis in mouse cervical cardiac transplant.</a> Exp Clin Transplant. 8, 245-249 (2010).</li><li>Corry, R. J., Winn, H. J., Russell, P. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Primarily+vascularized+allografts+of+hearts+in+mice.+The+role+of+H-2D,+H-2K,+and+non-H-2+antigens+in+rejection.">Primarily vascularized allografts of hearts in mice. The role of H-2D, H-2K, and non-H-2 antigens in rejection.</a> Transplantation. 16, 343-350 (1973).</li><li>Kamada, N., Calne, R. Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Orthotopic+liver+transplantation+in+the+rat.+Technique+using+cuff+for+portal+vein+anastomosis+and+biliary+drainage.">Orthotopic liver transplantation in the rat. Technique using cuff for portal vein anastomosis and biliary drainage.</a> Transplantation. 28, 47-50 (1979).</li><li>Zimmermann, F. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Techniques+for+orthotopic+liver+transplantation+in+the+rat+and+some+studies+of+the+immunologic+responses+to+fully+allogeneic+liver+grafts.">Techniques for orthotopic liver transplantation in the rat and some studies of the immunologic responses to fully allogeneic liver grafts.</a> Transplant Proc. 11, 571-577 (1979).</li><li>Maglione, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Donor+pretreatment+with+tetrahydrobiopterin+saves+pancreatic+isografts+from+ischemia+reperfusion+injury+in+a+mouse+model.">Donor pretreatment with tetrahydrobiopterin saves pancreatic isografts from ischemia reperfusion injury in a mouse model.</a> Am J Transplant. 10, 2231-2240 (2010).</li><li>Heron, I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+technique+for+accessory+cervical+heart+transplantation+in+rabbits+and+rats.">A technique for accessory cervical heart transplantation in rabbits and rats.</a> Actapathologica et microbiologica Scandinavica Section A, Pathology. 79, 366-372 (1971).</li></ol>

This study has been supported by grant #207 of the &#8220;Medizinischer Forschungsfond Tirol&#8221;, grant #2010022010 of the &#8220;MUI-START F&#246;rderungsprogramm&#8221; of the Innsbruck Medical University.

血管化同種移植片の拒絶反応は不十分にしかin vitroモデルを用いて評価することができる異なる工程の茄多を伴う。受信者の増感、二次リンパ器官における抗原処理だけでなく、免疫担当細胞の分化、増殖などの現象は、生体内でよりよく特徴付けている。動物モデルは、それによってトランスレーショナルリサーチ16のための理想的なツールです。トランスジェニック?...

心臓移​​植は、異なる末期心疾患に罹患している患者のための選択の治療法を表す。外科技術、感染症のより効果的な予防法、および新規の免疫抑制レジメンの進歩は、臓器移植6の著しく改善された成果が得られた。しかし、長期移植片生存は、過去数年にわたって厳密7改善されていない。移植動脈硬化を特徴とする慢性拒絶反応は、長期的な移植片の生存8-11の大きな障害であり続けている。 マウスでの異所性心移植のモデルは、急性時の免疫学的メカニズムを解析するための重要かつ有効なツールとしてだけでなく、慢性拒絶12-15を提供しています。 今日までに最も頻繁移植モデルは、縫合技術を用いて腹部マウスの心臓移植は依然としてある。ドナー心臓の上行大動脈はa側に吻合さbdominal大動脈と肺動脈をレシピエントの下大静脈に吻合される。縫合モデルの顕微困難の多くは16,17を縫合される船舶の小さなサイズに基づいています。 縫合糸モデルとは対照的に、心臓は、外頸静脈を肺動脈および総頸動脈ドナーの大動脈に吻合されるレシピエントの頸部に配置される。 カフ技術を用いて子宮頸部心臓移植モデルの開発の理論的根拠は、このモデルの広範な適用を可能にする基本的な顕微スキルの高い成功率を達成可能にする動物モデルを、持っていることであった。縫合モデル18と比較した場合、この方法の主な利点はかなり少ない出血および血栓症などの吻合関連の合併症を発生している。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Yasargil Clip Mini Permanent 7mm</td>
			<td>Aesculap</td>
			<td>FE720K</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Micro vessel clip</td>
			<td>S &#38; T</td>
			<td>B1 00396 V</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microscissor</td>
			<td>FST</td>
			<td>14075-11</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td rowspan="2">Vesseldilatator</td>
			<td rowspan="2">S &#38; T</td>
			<td rowspan="2">D-5a.2 00125</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microforceps</td>
			<td>FST</td>
			<td>Dumont 11271- 30</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Clipapplicator</td>
			<td>S &#38; T</td>
			<td>CAF-4 00072</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microvessel clip</td>
			<td>S &#38; T</td>
			<td>B1 00396 V</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

murine cervical heart transplantation model using a modified cuff technique

<html>マウスモデルは、モノクローナル抗体の多種多様なため、研究に特別な関心のものであり、商業的に近交系定義され、ノックアウト株は、 インビボ研究の機構を実行するために利用可能である。縫合技術を用いた心臓移植モデルは最初に成功したラットで開発されたが、同じように広範囲に使用されたマウスと同等への翻訳は、顕微手順の技術的な複雑さにより達成されていませんでした。対照的に、また、ラットで最初に開発非縫合カフ技術は、正常マウス1-3で使用するために適合させた。血行再建術のためのこの技術は、2つの主要な段階I）は、ポリエチレンカフを介して受信者の容器を外転を伴う。 II）以前は裏返し受信者の容器の上にドナー容器を引っ張って、周タイで所定の位置に保持している。これは内皮層、短い動作時間と非常に高い開通率4の連続性を保証します。 血管吻合のためにこの技術を使用してT &quot;&gt;私たちは95％の全体的な成功率で1,000以上の子宮頸心臓移植を行った。動脈の流入のために総頸動脈及び近位大動脈弓を移植した心臓の逆行性灌流が生じる吻合した。静脈排出のために、移植片の肺動脈は、受信者5の外頸静脈と吻合した。 ここで、私たちはビデオを補足するためにこの技術のさらなる詳細を提供する。

図2は、完全にMHCミスマッチのC57BL / 6レシピエントへの移植後のBALB / cドナーからの心臓同種移植片の代表的生存データを示す。心臓を移植後7日目±1に拒否されます。移植された同種移植片の指触診は、同種移植片拒絶反応の時間依存のコースを検出するための感度の高い方法である。私たち直列に実行されたすべての同系心臓移植が無限に生き残った（&gt; 150日）。 <p class="j...

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Murine Cervical Heart Transplantation Model Using a Modified Cuff Technique

マウスの子宮頸心臓移植モデルは、免疫学的ならびに虚血再灌流障害の研究によく適している。私たちは、非縫合カフ技術を使用して手順を変更し、このアプローチに1,000以上の成功移植を行った。 ここで、私たちはビデオを補足するためにこの技術のさらなる詳細を提供する。

変更されたカフ法を用いたマウス子宮頸心臓移植モデル

Mouse models are of special interest in research since a wide variety of monoclonal antibodies and commercially defined inbred and knockout strains are ...

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JoVE Journal

Medicine

13.7K ビュー.  Innsbruck Medical University. マウスの子宮頸心臓移植モデルは、免疫学的ならびに虚血再灌流障害の研究によく適している。私たちは、非縫合カフ技術を使用して手順を変更し、このアプローチに1,000以上の成功移植を行った。 ここで、私たちはビデオを補足するためにこの技術のさらなる詳細を提供する。 

ビデオ: Murine Cervical Heart Transplantation Model Using a Modified Cuff Technique

Murine Model of Wound Healing

Wound healing and repair are the most complex biological processes that occur in human life. After injury, multiple biological pathways become activated. Impaired wound healing, which occurs in diabetic patients for example, can lead to severe unfavorable outcomes such as amputation. There is, therefore, an increasing impetus to develop novel agents that promote wound repair. The testing of these has been limited to large animal models such as swine, which are often impractical. Mice represent the ideal preclinical model, as they are economical and amenable to genetic manipulation, which allows for mechanistic investigation. However, wound healing in a mouse is fundamentally different to that of humans as it primarily occurs via contraction. Our murine model overcomes this by incorporating a splint around the wound. By splinting the wound, the repair process is then dependent on epithelialization, cellular proliferation and angiogenesis, which closely mirror the biological processes of human wound healing. Whilst requiring consistency and care, this murine model does not involve complicated surgical techniques and allows for the robust testing of promising agents that may, for example, promote angiogenesis or inhibit inflammation. Furthermore, each mouse acts as its own control as two wounds are prepared, enabling the application of both the test compound and the vehicle control on the same animal. In conclusion, we demonstrate a practical, easy-to-learn, and robust model of wound healing, which is comparable to that of humans.

A murine model of cutaneous wound healing that can be used to assess therapeutic compounds in physiological and pathophysiological settings.

創傷治癒のマウスモデル

Wound healing and repair are the most complex biological processes that occur in human life. After injury, multiple biological pathways become activated. ...

医学

Murine Heterotopic Heart Transplant Technique

It is now over forty years since this technique was first reported by Corry, Wynn and Russell. Although it took some years for other labs to become proficient in and utilize this technique, it is now widely used by many laboratories around the world. A significant refinement to the original technique was developed and reported in 2001 by Niimi. Described here are the techniques that have evolved over more than a decade in the hands of three surgeons (Plenter, Grazia, Pietra) in our center. These techniques are now being passed on to a younger generation of surgeons and researchers.
Based largely on the Niimi experience, the procedures used have evolved in the fine details - details which we will endeavor to relate here in such a way that others may be able to use this very useful model. Like Niimi, we have found that a video aid to learning is a priceless resource for the beginner.

The manuscript describes the steps required to perform the heterotopic heart transplant in the mouse.

ネズミ異心臓移植技術

It is now over forty years since this technique was first reported by Corry, Wynn and Russell. Although it took some years for other labs to become ...

Transplantation of Pulmonary Valve Using a Mouse Model of Heterotopic Heart Transplantation

Tissue engineered heart valves, especially decellularized valves, are starting to gain momentum in clinical use of reconstructive surgery with mixed results. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the neotissue development, valve thickening, and stenosis development are not researched extensively. To answer the above questions, we developed a murine heterotopic heart valve transplantation model. A heart valve was harvested from a valve donor mouse and transplanted to a heart donor mouse. The heart with a new valve was transplanted heterotopically to a recipient mouse. The transplanted heart showed its own heartbeat, independent of the recipient&#8217;s heartbeat. The blood flow was quantified using a high frequency ultrasound system with a pulsed wave Doppler. The flow through the implanted pulmonary valve showed forward flow with minimal regurgitation and the peak flow was close to 100 mm/sec. This murine model of heart valve transplantation is highly versatile, so it can be modified and adapted to provide different hemodynamic environments and/or can be used with various transgenic mice to study neotissue development in a tissue engineered heart valve.

In order to understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying neotissue formation and stenosis development in tissue engineered heart valves, a murine model of heterotopic heart valve transplantation was developed. A pulmonary heart valve was transplanted to recipient using the heterotopic heart transplantation technique.

異心臓移植のマウスモデルを用いた肺動脈弁の移植

Tissue engineered heart valves, especially decellularized valves, are starting to gain momentum in clinical use of reconstructive surgery with mixed ...

Murine Corneal Transplantation: A Model to Study the Most Common Form of Solid Organ Transplantation

Corneal transplantation is the most common form of organ transplantation in the United States with between 45,000 and 55,000 procedures performed each year. While several animal models exist for this procedure and mice are the species that is most commonly used. The reasons for using mice are the relative cost of using this species, the existence of many genetically defined strains that allow for the study of immune responses, and the existence of an extensive array of reagents that can be used to further define responses in this species. This model has been used to define factors in the cornea that are responsible for the relative immune privilege status of this tissue that enables corneal allografts to survive acute rejection in the absence of immunosuppressive therapy. It has also been used to define those factors that are most important in rejection of such allografts. Consequently, much of what we know concerning mechanisms of both corneal allograft acceptance and rejection are due to studies using a murine model of corneal transplantation. In addition to describing a model for acute corneal allograft rejection, we also present for the first time a model of late-term corneal allograft rejection.

Mice have been used as a model for studying many forms of transplantation, including corneal transplantation. We describe in this report a murine model for both acute and late-term corneal transplantation.

ネズミ角膜移植：固体臓器移植の最も一般的な形態を研究するためのモデル

Corneal transplantation is the most common form of organ transplantation in the United States with between 45,000 and 55,000 procedures performed each ...

Heterotopic Cervical Heart Transplantation in Mice

The heterotopic cervical heart transplantation in mice is a valuable tool in transplant and cardiovascular research. The cuff technique greatly simplifies this model by avoiding challenging suture anastomoses of small vessels thereby reducing warm ischemia time. In comparison to abdominal graft implantation the cervical model is less invasive and the implanted graft is easily accessible for further follow-up examinations. Anastomoses are performed by pulling the ascending aorta of the graft over the cuff with the recipient&#8217;s common carotid artery and by pulling the main pulmonary artery over the cuff with the external jugular vein. Selection of appropriate cuff size and complete mobilization of the vessels are important for successful revascularization. Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury can be minimized by perfusing the graft with a cardioplegic solution and by hypothermia. In this article, we provide technical details for a simplified and improved cuff technique, which should allow surgeons with basic microsurgical skills to perform the procedure with a high success rate.

The cuff technique shortens and facilitates the model of heterotopic cervical heart transplantation in mice by avoiding technically challenging suture anastomoses of small vessels. The technical details shown in this video paper should allow researches to establish this model in their laboratories.

マウスにおける異子宮頸心臓移植

The heterotopic cervical heart transplantation in mice is a valuable tool in transplant and cardiovascular research. The cuff technique greatly simplifies ...

Using the Sleeve Technique in a Mouse Model of Aortic Transplantation - An Instructional Video

Orthotopic aortic transplantation using the sleeve technique reduces injury to the aorta with failure rate of only 10-20%. The time to anastomose the aorta in mice using the sleeve method was short and easy averaging 20 min, permitting studies of iso/allo grafts. The following article describes the aortic transplantation procedure used in our laboratory. The mice were anesthetized with a mixture of 1.5% volume isoflurane and 100% oxygen through a face mask. At this point, the segment of the aorta between the renal arteries and its bifurcation was separated from the vena cava, freely prepared and clampedat the proximal and distal segments with a single silk suture. Prior to the removal of the aorta, a saline solution containing heparin was injected into the inferior vena cava. Then the aorta was cut between the clamps and a saline heparin solution was used to flush the lumen. The sleeve technique with monofilament sutures was used in order to transplant the abdominal aorta in the orthotopic position.

We present an orthotopic aortic transplantation model using the sleeve technique in mice. It is a very rapid anastomosis method, which can be employed in studies of vascular disease.

大動脈弁移植 - 教則ビデオのマウスモデルでスリーブを用いた

Orthotopic aortic transplantation using the sleeve technique reduces injury to the aorta with failure rate of only 10-20%. The time to anastomose the ...

Mouse Model for Pancreas Transplantation Using a Modified Cuff Technique

Mouse models have several advantages in transplantation research, including easy handling, a variety of genetically well-defined strains, and the availability of the widest range of molecular probes and reagents to perform in vivo as well as in vitro studies. Based on our experience with various murine transplantation models, we developed a heterotopic pancreas transplantation model in mice with the intent to analyze mechanisms underlying severe ischemia reperfusion injury-associated early graft damage. In contrast to previously described techniques using suture techniques, herein we describe a new procedure using a non-suture cuff technique. 
In recent years, we have performed more than 300 pancreas transplantations in mice with an overall success rate of &gt;90%, a success rate never described before in mouse pancreas transplantation. The backbone of this non-suture cuff technique for graft revascularization consists of two major steps: (I) pulling the recipient vessel over a polyethylene/polyamide cuff and fixing it with a circumferential ligature, and (II) placing the donor vessel over the everted recipient vessel and fixing it with a second circumferential ligature. The resultant continuity of the endothelial layer results in less thrombogenic lesions with high patency rates and, finally, high success rates.
In this model, arterial anastomosis is achieved by pulling the abdominal aorta of the donor graft over the everted common carotid artery of the recipient animal. Venous drainage of the graft is achieved by pulling the portal vein of the graft over the everted external jugular vein of the recipient. This manuscript provides details and crucial steps of the organ recovery and organ implantation procedures, which will allow researchers with microsurgical skills to perform the transplantation successfully in their laboratories.

Among abdominal solid organ transplantation, pancreatic grafts are prone to develop severe ischemia reperfusion injury-associated graft damage, leading eventually to early graft loss. This protocol describes a model of murine pancreas transplantation using a non-suture cuff technique, ideally suited for analyzing these early, deleterious damages.

変更されたカフを用いた膵臓移植マウス モデル

Mouse models have several advantages in transplantation research, including easy handling, a variety of genetically well-defined strains, and the ...

A Pre-Clinical Porcine Model of Orthotopic Heart Transplantation

Fifty-years following the first successful report, cardiac transplantation remains the gold-standard treatment for eligible patients with advanced heart failure. Multiple small-animal models of heart transplantation have been used to study the acute and long-term effects of novel therapies. However, few are tested and demonstrated success in clinical trials. It is of critical importance to evaluate new therapies in a clinically relevant large-animal model for efficient and reliable translation of basic studies&#39;&#160;findings. Here, we describe a pre-clinical large-animal (porcine) model of orthotopic heart transplantation that has been firmly established and previously used to investigate novel cardioprotective strategies. This procedure focuses on acute ischemia-reperfusion injury and is a reliable method to investigate novel interventions which have been tested and validated in smaller experimental models, such as the murine model. We demonstrate its usefulness in assessing cardiac performance during the early post-transplantation period and other potential possibilities enabled by the model.

Here, we describe a pre-clinical large-animal (porcine) model of orthotopic heart transplantation that has been firmly established and utilized to investigate novel cardioprotective strategies.

オルソトピック心臓移植の前臨床ブタモデル

Fifty-years following the first successful report, cardiac transplantation remains the gold-standard treatment for eligible patients with advanced heart ...

Murine Cervical Aortic Transplantation Model using a Modified Non-Suture Cuff Technique

With the introduction of powerful immunosuppressive protocols, distinct advances are possible in the prevention and therapy of acute rejection episodes. However, only minor improvement in the long-term results of transplanted solid organs could be observed over the past decades. In this context, chronic allograft vasculopathy (CAV) still represents the leading cause of late organ failure in cardiac, renal and pulmonary transplantation.
Thus far, the underlying pathogenesis of CAV development remains unclear, explaining why effective treatment strategies are presently missing and emphasizing a need for relevant experimental models in order to study the underlying pathophysiology leading to CAV formation. The following protocol describes a murine heterotopic cervical aortic transplantation model using a modified non-suture cuff technique. In this technique, a segment of the thoracic aorta is interpositioned in the right common carotid artery. With the use of the non-suture cuff technique, an easy to learn and reproducible model can be established, minimizing the possible heterogeneity of sutured vascular micro anastomoses.

Here, we present a protocol of heterotopic aortic transplantation in mice using the non-suture cuff technique in a cervical murine model. This model can be used to study the underlying pathology of chronic allograft vasculopathy (CAV) and can help evaluate new therapeutic agents in order to prevent its formation.

改変非縫合カフ技術を用いたマウス子宮頸動脈大動脈移植モデル

With the introduction of powerful immunosuppressive protocols, distinct advances are possible in the prevention and therapy of acute rejection episodes. ...

A Simplified Model for Heterotopic Heart Valve Transplantation in Rodents

There is an urgent clinical need for heart valve replacements that can grow in children. Heart valve transplantation is proposed as a new type of transplant with the potential to deliver durable heart valves capable of somatic growth with no requirement for anticoagulation. However, the immunobiology of heart valve transplants remains unexplored, highlighting the need for animal models to study this new type of transplant. Previous rat models for heterotopic aortic valve transplantation into the abdominal aorta have been described, though they are technically challenging and costly. For addressing this challenge, a renal subcapsular transplant model was developed in rodents as a practical and more straightforward method for studying heart valve transplant immunobiology. In this model, a single aortic valve leaflet is harvested and inserted into the renal subcapsular space. The kidney is easily accessible, and the transplanted tissue is securely contained in a subcapsular space that is well vascularized and can accommodate a variety of tissue sizes. Furthermore, because a single rat can provide three donor aortic leaflets and a single kidney can provide multiple sites for transplanted tissue, fewer rats are required for a given study. Here, the transplantation technique is described, providing a significant step forward in studying the transplant immunology of heart valve transplantation.

This protocol describes a simple and efficient method for the transplantation of aortic valve leaflets under the renal capsule to allow for the study of alloreactivity of heart valves.