EmoCogMeter는 MicroMovie 미디어 GmbH의 (http://www.micromovie.com)와 공동으로 개발했다.

1. 주제 우리는 심리적으로 오백마흔한 모집 및 체세포 건강한 남성과 여성의 명 (연​​령 44.47 ± 9.41, 범위 18~89년, IQ 113.90 ± 12.73). 모든 주제는 네이티브 스피커 수준의 독일어를 말했다. 이 연구는 헬싱키 선언의 최신 버전에 따라 수행과 독일 심리 학회 기관 검토위원회의 승인을 받았다. 모든 과목은 심사 전에 서면 동의서를주고 참여를 상환했다. 2. 연구 계획 EmoCogMeter, 아이 패드 기반 응용 프로그램, 7 신경 심리 검사 및 여러 영역에서인지 기능을 조사하기 위해 개발 된이 포함되어 있습니다. 이전에 각 시험, 짧은 명령어와 데모 화면에 표시 하였다. 실험자로부터 구두 지시 사항이나 의견은 없었다. 주제는 테스트를 완료하는 데 약 25 ~ 30 분을 필요로세션을 보내고. <ol><li> 신경 심리 테스트 <ol><li> 학습과 기억 <ol><li> 메모리 스팬 일련의 숫자와 함께 참가자를 제시하고 숫자 직후 입력을 부탁드립니다. 2 자리 숫자로 시작하는 참가자가 성공하는 경우, 숫자의 긴 목록을 제공합니다. <ol><li> 하나 이전에 5 분, 또는 후 작업을 종료, 주제는 성공적으로 9 자리 숫자를 기억합니다. 숫자의 범위와 그 수준에 도달하는 데 필요한 총 시행 횟수를 기록합니다. </li></ol></li><li> 작업 메모리 참가자들은 긍정적 인 부정하고 중립적 인 단어의 순서를 볼 수 있고 단어가 하나가 전에 두 시험을 선물 같은 경우 응답했다. <ol><li> 5 분 후에 작업을 종료하고 정확한 응답 (안타), 거짓 응답 및 응답의 평균 대기 시간의 수를 기록한다. </li></ol></li></ol></li><li> 관심과 집중 <ol><li> 선택적 감쇠기 스트 루프 작업의 변형을 적용하고 서면 색 이름이 안으로 표시된 컬러 잉크에 해당하는 경우에 대응하는 과목을 부탁드립니다 <ol><li> 3 분 후에 작업을 종료하고 정확한 응답 (안타), 거짓 응답, 응답을 놓친과 응답의 평균 대기 시간의 수를 기록한다. </li></ol></li><li> 지속적인주의 작은 작업 메모리 구성 요소를 포함하는 작업을 사용합니다. 화면 중앙에있는 의사 - 랜덤 순서로 작은 조명 된 청색 및 노란색 동그라미 이루어지는 원을 제시. <ol><li> 감지 및 파랑 - 노랑 - 노랑의 순서에 대응하는 과목을 지시합니다. 4 분 후 작업을 종료하고 정확한 응답 (안타), 거짓 응답 수를 기록하고, 응답을 놓쳤다. </li></ol></li></ol></li><li> 집행 기능 <ol><li> 트레일 테스트 B 만들기 프로브 작업 전환, 13 번호를 순차적으로 선택적으로 연결하는 과목이 필요합니다의 화면에 12 문자. 피사체가 오류를 만들어 올바른 연결을 선택하기 전에 작업을 계속하지 않을 경우 연결을 표시하지 않습니다. <ol><li> 성공적 그때까지 완료되지 않을 경우 90 초 후 작업을 종료합니다. 작업을 완료하는 데 필요한 전체 시간을 기록한다. </li></ol></li><li> 하노이의 탑 기획 및 중간 단계의 일련의 목표를 달성하는 능력을 평가. 세 개의 막대와 연속적으로 작은 크기의 네 개의 디스크로 버전을 사용하십시오. <ol><li> 그들은 다음과 같은 규칙을 순종하여 다른로드에 디스크의 전체 스택을 이동해야 할 과목을 알려 : (1) 하나의 디스크는 한 번에 이동할 수 있습니다. (2) 각각의 움직임은 이미 막대에있을 수있는 다른 디스크의 상단에, 막대 중 하나에서 위 디스크를 복용하고 다른 막대로 밀어으로 구성되어 있습니다. (3) 어떤 디스크는 작은 디스크의 상단에 배치 할 수 없습니다. </li><li> 주제는 4 분 후 목표에 도달하지 않을 경우 시험을 종료합니다. R태스크 및 솔루션에 필요한 동작의 수를 해결하는 데 필요한 시간을 ecord. </li></ol></li></ol></li><li> 처리 속도 기호 문자 모달리티 테스트 화면 상단에있는 9 문자와 해당 기하학적 기호 현재 주제. 디스플레이 하단에있는 문자의 행과는 가능한 한 빨리 각 문자에서 해당 심볼을 이동하는 피사체를 지시합니다. <ol><li> 올바른 응답 수 (조회수)를 기록, 거짓 응답, 응답 및 허용 된 시간 내에 응답의 평균 대기 시간 (90 초)을 놓쳤다. </li></ol></li></ol></li><li> 통계 분석 작업 기억, 선택적인 관심과 지속적인 관심을 프로빙 테스트를 위해 우리는 × 100 정도의 비율 ((안타 거짓) / 목표)를 정의. 모든 데이터와 다변량 분산 분석 (MANOVAs)를 사용하여 분석 하였다 간 주제 연령층과 성별 요인. GreenhouseGeisser 수정은 응용했다ED 적절한. MANOVAs 상당한 주 또는 상호 작용 효과를 밝혀 경우, 추가 통계 분석은 t-test를 비교를 사용하여 수행 하였다. </li></ol>

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저자가 공개하는 게 없다.

본 연구의 주요 목표는 수명에 걸쳐인지 기능에 대한 연령의 영향을 조사하고있는 태블릿 컴퓨터 기반 응용 프로그램의 유용성을 평가하는 것이었다. 가정으로, 주제는 대부분의 신경 심리학 적 영역에서의 연령과 관련된 감소를 보여 주었다. 메모리 범위, 작업 기억의 정확성 및 선택적주의 등 일부인지 기능을 위해 감소는 중년 오래된 주제를 비교하는 경우에만 관찰로, 나중에 인생에서 발생?...

인간의 노화는 모든 영역에서의인지 기능 저하와 연관되어 있지만, 특히 전두엽 피질과 같은 작업 메모리 (WM), 에피소드 메모리, 집행 기능과 같은 내측 측두엽과 관련된 기능을 발음 할 수 있습니다 (Bäckman는 등. 1 , Brehmer 등. 2, 아성 등. 3, 웨스트 4). 이에 대응하여, 뇌 영상 연구는 볼륨 감소는 전두엽과 mediotemporal 분야에서 가장 눈에 띄는입니다 (라즈 등. 5,6)과이 지역 내에서 그리고 사이의 변경된 기능은 연령과 관련된인지 적 변화 (샌더 외 여러분에 기여할 수 있음을 보여 주었다. 7 , 공원, 로이터 - 로렌스 8). .. Erixon-Lindroth 등 11, ​​분자 영상 연구는 연령과 관련된 도파민의 손실이 여러인지 적 작업에 손상의 강력한 매개체 (Bäckman는 등 9, 10이 될 수 있음을 나타냅니다 </sup&gt;, Volkow 등. 12). 나이의 지각과인지 능력은 감정적 자극에 의​​해 강화 될 수 있다는 상당한 증거가있다. 관심의 조치와 관련하여 긍정적 valenced 자극에 더 잘 수행 할 수있는 세 이상 성인의 경향은, 인식, 감정의 메모리 향상은 연령과 관련된 양성 효과 (찰스 등. 13, 메이 나이트 14 Löckenhoff 및 Carstensen 15로 명명 된 , Grühn 등. 16 Isaacowitz 등. 17)과 삶의 끝으로 동기 부여 목표의 차이를 반영 할 수는 접근 ​​(Carstensen 및 Löckenhoff 18). 인지 기능의 신경 심리학 적 검사는 일반적으로 워크 스테이션에 종이와 연필로 시험 또는 컴퓨터 기반의 테스트를 통해 하나를 수행하고, 세 과목을 테스트 할 때 어려울 수 있습니다. 첫째, 장애인 운동 능력은 PA의 사용을 제한 할 수 있습니다당과 연필 테스트 둘째, 세 과목은 종종 키보드, 마우스 패드, 또는 컴퓨터 기반의 신경 심리학 적 테스트하는 동안 적용 기타 입력 장치에 익숙하지 않다. 그 결과, 세 과목은 종종 성능을 저해하고 연구 결과의 유효성을 줄일 수있는 신경 심리 테스트 중에 가난한 동기 또는 규정 준수를 보여줍니다. 또한, 종이와 연필로 시험뿐만 아니라 워크 스테이션에서 컴퓨터 기반의 테스트는 거의 데이터베이스에 전송하지 않고 매우에 따라서 만 액세스 할 수있는 결과의 문서화를위한 영구적 인 지시와 피드백에 대한 실험의 출석뿐만 아니라, 필요 사람의 제한된 수의. 따라서, 신경 심리 검사의 관계까지 상당한 인적 자원이 &quot;전통적인&quot;방식은 결과를 전송하는 경우, 오류의 확률을 증가 데이터 액세스를 제한하고 워크 플로를 속도가 느려집니다. 우리의 목표는 그 자체의 조사를 위해 태블릿 기​​반의 응용 프로그램을 테스트하는 것이 었습니다veral 신경 심리 도메인. 우리는 같은 간단한 도구에 대한 화면 및 임상 및 외래 설정에서인지 적자를 추적 할 수있는 신속하고 효과적인 방법이 될 수 있음을, 가정으로 우리는 아이 패드 응용 프로그램을 사용했다. 연령에 관계없이, 주제는 실험자의 지시 또는 피드백없이 작업을 수행하고 테스트를 완료 할 수 있어야 사용할 수 있어야합니다. 연령에 관계없이, 주제는 실험자의 지시 또는 피드백없이 작업을 수행하기 위해 사용할 수 있어야합니다. 우리는 터치 패드는 특히 컴퓨터에 익숙하지 않은 오래된 주제에 대한 다른 응답 장치보다 더 직관적 인 사용 (예를 들어, 마우스 패드 또는 키보드)를 허용 것이라고 가설을 세웠다. 실험에 대한 혜택은 표준화 및 시간 절약 테스트 절차, 데이터 저장 및 analy의 데이터베이스 및 촉진에 테스트 결과의 안전한 전송을 포함해야합니다 동안 작업 성능을 높게 규정 준수 및 동기, 결과의 유효성을 증가시킬 수언니.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="732">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Wortschatz-Test (WST)</td>
			<td style="width:231px;">http://www.testzentrale.de/programm/wortschatztest.html</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Assessment of Intelligence</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Berlin Affective Word List (BAWL)</td>
			<td style="width:231px;">V&#245; et al., 2009</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>Stimuli for working memory task</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Predictive Analysis SoftWare, version 18.0</td>
			<td style="width:231px;">SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>Statistical Analysis</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">iPad</td>
			<td style="width:231px;">http://www.apple.com/de</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">EmoCogMeter</td>
			<td style="width:231px;">http://anem.charite.de/anem</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>Application for detection and monitoring of cognitive dysfunction</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;"></td>
			<td style="width:231px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

assessment of age-related changes in cognitive functions using emocogmeter, a novel tablet-computer based approach

본 연구의 주요 목표는 378 건강한 과목 (연령 범위 18-89년)의 샘플의 수명에 걸쳐인지 기능에 대한 연령의 영향을 조사하고있는 태블릿 컴퓨터 기반 응용 프로그램 (EmoCogMeter)의 유용성을 평가하는 것이었다. 이전의 연구 결과와 일치하여 우리는 우리의 태블릿 기​​반 응용 프로그램의 유용성을 증명, 신경 심리학 적 영역 (메모리,주의, 집행 기능)의 넓은 범위에 걸쳐 연령과 관련된인지 기능 저하를 발견했다. 에 관계없이 이전의 컴퓨터 경험, 모든 연령 그룹의 주제는 실험자의 지시 또는 피드백없이 작업을 수행 할 수 있었다. 증가 동기를 부여하고 준수함으로써 잠재적 결과의 유효성을 증가, 작업의 성능을 위해 도움이 될 입증했다. 우리의 유망한 연구 결과는 탐지 및인지 기능 장애의 모니터링을위한 태블릿 기​​반 응용 프로그램의 큰 임상 및 실용 가능성을 강조.

19 과목에서 데이터는 기술적 인 문제에 기록 할 수 없습니다. 나머지 모든 과목 (N = 522)는 테스트를 완료하고 3 세 그룹으로 클러스터 된 (영 : 18~30년 중년 : 31-59년; 세 : 60-89년). 이러한 그룹의 참가자는 성별 및 N = 378의 샘플 크기의 결과로 IQ (표 1 참조)에 따라 일치했다. 3 연령 그룹의 모든 신경 심리 검사의 성능은 표 2에 요약되어있다. 학습과 기억...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach at JoVE.com

Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach

우리는 인식에 나이의 영향을 조사하고있는 태블릿 컴퓨터 기반 응용 프로그램 (EmoCogMeter)의 유용성을 테스트했습니다. 결과는 따라서 우리의 응용 프로그램의 유용성을 증명, 연령과 관련된인지 적 몰락을 보여줍니다. 연구 결과는 탐지 및인지 기능 장애의 모니터링을위한 태블릿 기​​반 응용 프로그램의 큰 임상 및 실용 가능성을 강조.

EmoCogMeter, 소설 태블릿 컴퓨터 기반 접근 방식을 사용하여인지 기능의 연령과 관련된 변화의 평가

The main goal of this study was to assess the usability of a tablet-computer-based application (EmoCogMeter) in investigating the effects of age on ...

assessment-age-related-changes-cognitive-functions-using-emocogmeter

Research

JoVE Journal

Behavior

13.5K 조회수.  Freie Universität Berlin.  우리는 인식에 나이의 영향을 조사하고있는 태블릿 컴퓨터 기반 응용 프로그램 (EmoCogMeter)의 유용성을 테스트했습니다. 결과는 따라서 우리의 응용 프로그램의 유용성을 증명, 연령과 관련된인지 적 몰락을 보여줍니다. 연구 결과는 탐지 및인지 기능 장애의 모니터링을위한 태블릿 기​​반 응용 프로그램의 큰 임상 및 실용 가능성을 강조. 

비디오: Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach

Use of the Operant Orofacial Pain Assessment Device (OPAD) to Measure Changes in Nociceptive Behavior

We present an operant system for the detection of pain in awake, conscious rodents. The Orofacial Pain Assessment Device (OPAD) assesses pain behaviors in a more clinically relevant way by not relying on reflex-based measures of nociception. Food fasted, hairless (or shaved) rodents are placed into a Plexiglas chamber which has two Peltier-based thermodes that can be programmed to any temperature between 7 &deg;C and 60 &deg;C. The rodent is trained to make contact with these in order to access a reward bottle. During a session, a number of behavioral pain outcomes are automatically recorded and saved. These measures include the number of reward bottle activations (licks) and facial contact stimuli (face contacts), but custom measures like the lick/face ratio (total number of licks per session/total number of contacts) can also be created. The stimulus temperature can be set to a single temperature or multiple temperatures within a session. The OPAD is a high-throughput, easy to use operant assay which will lead to better translation of pain research in the future as it includes cortical input instead of relying on spinal reflex-based nociceptive assays.

Use of the Operant Orofacial Pain Assessment Device OPAD to Measure Changes in Nociceptive Behavior

We present a user-friendly, high-throughput operant system for the evaluation of pain behaviors in awake, conscious rodents. The Orofacial Pain Assessment Device (OPAD) can assess pain through a reward/conflict paradigm thus providing a more humane way of testing. This protocol will yield more clinically relevant and translational data from rodents.

통각 행동의 변화를 측정하는 조작 적 구강 안면 통증 평가 장치 (OPAD)의 사용

We present an operant  system for the detection of pain in awake, conscious rodents. The Orofacial  Pain Assessment Device (OPAD) assesses pain behaviors ...

연구

행동분석학

The Crossmodal Congruency Task as a Means to Obtain an Objective Behavioral Measure in the Rubber Hand Illusion Paradigm

The rubber hand illusion (RHI) is a popular experimental paradigm. Participants view touch on an artificial rubber hand while the participants' own hidden hand is touched. If the viewed and felt touches are given at the same time then this is sufficient to induce the compelling experience that the rubber hand is one's own hand. The RHI can be used to investigate exactly how the brain constructs distinct body representations for one's own body. Such representations are crucial for successful interactions with the external world. To obtain a subjective measure of the RHI, researchers typically ask participants to rate statements such as "I felt as if the rubber hand were my hand". Here we demonstrate how the crossmodal congruency task can be used to obtain an objective behavioral measure within this paradigm.
The variant of the crossmodal congruency task we employ involves the presentation of tactile targets and visual distractors. Targets and distractors are spatially congruent (i.e. same finger) on some trials and incongruent (i.e. different finger) on others. The difference in performance between incongruent and congruent trials - the crossmodal congruency effect (CCE) - indexes multisensory interactions. Importantly, the CCE is modulated both by viewing a hand as well as the synchrony of viewed and felt touch which are both crucial factors for the RHI.
The use of the crossmodal congruency task within the RHI paradigm has several advantages. It is a simple behavioral measure which can be repeated many times and which can be obtained during the illusion while participants view the artificial hand. Furthermore, this measure is not susceptible to observer and experimenter biases. The combination of the RHI paradigm with the crossmodal congruency task allows in particular for the investigation of multisensory processes which are critical for modulations of body representations as in the RHI.

We demonstrate how an objective measure can be employed in the widely employed rubber hand illusion paradigm. This measure is obtained by modifying the well-established crossmodal congruency task. This task allows the investigation of multisensory processes which are critical for modulations of body representations as in the rubber hand illusion.

고무 손 환상 패러다임에서 목표 행동 측정을 확보하는 수단으로 Crossmodal 일치 성은 작업

The rubber hand illusion (RHI) is a popular experimental paradigm. Participants view touch on an artificial rubber hand while the participants' own hidden ...

A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance

The ability to adjust behavior to sudden changes in the environment develops gradually in childhood and adolescence. For example, in the Dimensional Change Card Sort task, participants switch from sorting cards one way, such as shape, to sorting them a different way, such as color. Adjusting behavior in this way exacts a small performance cost, or switch cost, such that responses are typically slower and more error-prone on switch trials in which the sorting rule changes as compared to repeat trials in which the sorting rule remains the same. The ability to flexibly adjust behavior is often said to develop gradually, in part because behavioral costs such as switch costs typically decrease with increasing age. Why aspects of higher-order cognition, such as behavioral flexibility, develop so gradually remains an open question. One hypothesis is that these changes occur in association with functional changes in broad-scale cognitive control networks. On this view, complex mental operations, such as switching, involve rapid interactions between several distributed brain regions, including those that update and maintain task rules, re-orient attention, and select behaviors. With development, functional connections between these regions strengthen, leading to faster and more efficient switching operations. The current video describes a method of testing this hypothesis through the collection and multivariate analysis of fMRI data from participants of different ages.

This video presents a method of examining age-related changes in functional connectivity of cognitive control networks engaged by targeted tasks/processes. The technique is based on multi-variate analysis of fMRI data.

치수 변경 카드 정렬 성능인지 제어 네트워크 관련의 기능 연결에서 연령 관련 차이점을 조사하는 방법

The ability to adjust behavior to sudden changes in the environment develops gradually in childhood and adolescence. For example, in the Dimensional ...

Practical Methodology of Cognitive Tasks Within a Navigational Assessment

This paper describes an approach for measuring navigation accuracy relative to cognitive skills. The methodology behind the assessment will thus be clearly outlined in a step-by-step manner. Navigational skills are important when trying to find symbols within a speech-generating device (SGD) that has a dynamic screen and taxonomical organization. The following skills have been found to impact children&#8217;s ability to find symbols when navigating within the levels of an SGD: sustained attention, categorization, cognitive flexibility, and fluid reasoning1,2. According to past studies, working memory was not correlated with navigation1,2.
The materials needed for this method include a computerized tablet, an augmentative and alternative communication application, a booklet of symbols, and the Leiter International Performance Scale-Revised (Leiter-R)3. This method has been used in two previous studies. Robillard, Mayer-Crittenden, Roy-Charland, Minor-Corriveau and B&#233;langer1 assessed typically developing children, while Rondeau, Robillard and Roy-Charland2 assessed children and adolescents with a diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder. The direct observation of this method will facilitate the replication of this study for researchers. It will also help clinicians that work with children who have complex communication needs to determine the children&#8217;s ability to navigate an SGD with taxonomical categorization.

Children who have complex communication needs can benefit from the use of a speech-generating device (SGD). Cognitive skills were identified as having an impact on the ability to navigate between levels of SGDs. This protocol describes the steps needed for Speech-language Pathologists to assess cognitive skills and navigational abilities.

탐색 평가 이내인지 작업의 실제적인 방법론

This paper describes an approach for measuring navigation accuracy relative to cognitive skills. The methodology behind the assessment will thus be ...

Experimental Assessment of Mouse Sociability Using an Automated Image Processing Approach

Mouse is the preferred model organism for testing drugs designed to increase sociability. We present a method to quantify mouse sociability in which the test mouse is placed in a standardized apparatus and relevant behaviors are assessed in three different sessions (called session I, II, and III).
The apparatus has three compartments (see Figure 1), the left and right compartments contain an inverted cup which can house a mouse (called &#34;stimulus mouse&#34;).
In session I, the test mouse is placed in the cage and its mobility is characterized by the number of transitions made between compartments. In session II, a stimulus mouse is placed under one of the inverted cups and the sociability of the test mouse is quantified by the amounts of time it spends near the cup containing the enclosed stimulus mouse vs. the empty inverted cup. In session III, the inverted cups are removed and both mice interact freely. The sociability of the test mouse in session III is quantified by the number of social approaches it makes toward the stimulus mouse and by the number of times it avoids a social approach by the stimulus mouse.
The automated evaluation of the movie detects the nose of the test mouse, which allows the determination of all described sociability measures in session I and II (in session III, approaches are identified automatically but classified manually). To find the nose, the image of an empty cage is digitally subtracted from each frame of the movie and the resulting image is binarized to identify the mouse pixels. The mouse tail is automatically removed and the two most distant points of the remaining mouse are determined; these are close to nose and base of tail. By analyzing the motion of the mouse and using continuity arguments, the nose is identified.
<img alt="Figure 1" src="/files/ftp_upload/52508/52508fig1.jpg" /> 
Figure 1. Assessment of Sociability During 3 sessions. Session I (top): Acclimation of test mouse to the cage. Session II (middle): Test mouse moving freely in the cage while the stimulus mouse is enclosed in an inverted cup. Session III (bottom): Both test mouse and stimulus mouse are allowed to move freely and interact with each other.

This protocol describes a method to quantify mouse sociability. Mice are videotaped as they move and interact in a special cage. Movie processing allows for the automated quantification of sociability with excellent accuracy and reliability.

자동화 된 이미지 처리 방식을 사용하여 마우스 사교성의 실험 평가

Mouse is the preferred model organism for testing drugs designed to increase sociability. We present a method to quantify mouse sociability in which the ...

Assessment of Social Cognition in Non-human Primates Using a Network of Computerized Automated Learning Device (ALDM) Test Systems

Fagot &#38; Paleressompoulle1 and Fagot &#38; Bonte2 have published an automated learning device (ALDM) for the study of cognitive abilities of monkeys maintained in semi-free ranging conditions. Data accumulated during the last five years have consistently demonstrated the efficiency of this protocol to investigate individual/physical cognition in monkeys, and have further shown that this procedure reduces stress level during animal testing3. This paper demonstrates that networks of ALDM can also be used to investigate different facets of social cognition and in-group expressed behaviors in monkeys, and describes three illustrative protocols developed for that purpose. The first study demonstrates how ethological assessments of social behavior and computerized assessments of cognitive performance could be integrated to investigate the effects of socially exhibited moods on the cognitive performance of individuals. The second study shows that batteries of ALDM running in parallel can provide unique information on the influence of the presence of others on task performance. Finally, the last study shows that networks of ALDM test units can also be used to study issues related to social transmission and cultural evolution. Combined together, these three studies demonstrate clearly that ALDM testing is a highly promising experimental tool for bridging the gap in the animal literature between research on individual cognition and research on social cognition.

Assessment of Social Cognition in Non-human Primates Using a Network of Computerized Automated Learning Device ALDM Test Systems

Fagot &#38; Paleressompoulle1 have published an automated learning device (ALDM) aimed at testing individual cognitive abilities in semi-free ranging monkeys. The main goal of our protocol is to use a network of ALDM test units to study social cognition in non-human primates.

전산 자동 학습 장치 (ALDM) 테스트 시스템의 네트워크를 사용하여 비 인간 영장류의 사회인지의 평가

Fagot &#38; Paleressompoulle1 and Fagot &#38; Bonte2 have published an automated learning device (ALDM) for the study of cognitive abilities of monkeys ...

Combined Invasive Subcortical and Non-invasive Surface Neurophysiological Recordings for the Assessment of Cognitive and Emotional Functions in Humans

In spite of the success in applying non-invasive electroencephalography (EEG), magneto-encephalography (MEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) for extracting crucial information about the mechanism of the human brain, such methods remain insufficient to provide information about physiological processes reflecting cognitive and emotional functions at the subcortical level. In this respect, modern invasive clinical approaches in humans, such as deep brain stimulation (DBS), offer a tremendous possibility to record subcortical brain activity, namely local field potentials (LFPs) representing coherent activity of neural assemblies from localized basal ganglia or thalamic regions. Notwithstanding the fact that invasive approaches in humans are applied only after medical indication and thus recorded data correspond to altered brain circuits, valuable insight can be gained regarding the presence of intact brain functions in relation to brain oscillatory activity and the pathophysiology of disorders in response to experimental cognitive paradigms. In this direction, a growing number of DBS studies in patients with Parkinson&#39;s disease (PD) target not only motor functions but also higher level processes such as emotions, decision-making, attention, memory and sensory perception. Recent clinical trials also emphasize the role of DBS as an alternative treatment in neuropsychiatric disorders ranging from obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) to chronic disorders of consciousness (DOC). Consequently, we focus on the use of combined invasive (LFP) and non-invasive (EEG) human brain recordings in assessing the role of cortical-subcortical structures in cognitive and emotional processing trough experimental paradigms (e.g. speech stimuli with emotional connotation or paradigms of cognitive control such as the Flanker task), for patients undergoing DBS treatment.

The present protocol aims at assessing cognitive-emotional functions in the basal ganglia by simultaneous neurophysiological recording of local field potentials and non-invasive brain cortical activity (EEG). The procedure is exemplified by the use of paradigms involving speech stimuli with emotional connotation or the Flanker task involving cognitive control.

인간의 결합 침략 피질과인지의 평가를위한 비 침습적 표면 신경 생리학 녹음과 정서적 기능

In spite of the success in applying non-invasive electroencephalography (EEG), magneto-encephalography (MEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging ...

A Method for Manipulating Blood Glucose and Measuring Resulting Changes in Cognitive Accessibility of Target Stimuli

Much research in social psychology has investigated the impact of bodily energy need on cognition and decision-making. As such, blood glucose, the body's primary energy source, has been of special interest to researchers for years. Fluctuations in blood glucose have been linked to a variety of changes in cognitive and behavioral processes, such as self-control, political attitudes, and eating behavior. To help meet growing interest in the links between bodily energy need and these processes, this manuscript offers a simple methodology to experimentally manipulate blood glucose using a fasting procedure followed by administration of a sugar-sweetened, unsweetened, or artificially-sweetened beverage. This is followed by presentation of a method for measuring resulting changes in implicit cognition using a lexical decision-task. In this task, participants are asked to identify whether strings of letters are words or non-words and response latencies are recorded. Sample results from a recent publication are presented as an example of the applications for the experimental manipulation of blood glucose and the lexical decision task measures.

The authors introduce a method for manipulating blood glucose and measuring resulting changes in cognitive accessibility of target words using a lexical decision task.

혈당 조작 및 대상 자극의인지 접근성의 측정 결과 변경하는 방법

Much research in social psychology has investigated the impact of bodily energy need on cognition and decision-making.  As such, blood glucose, the body's ...

Eye-Tracking Control to Assess Cognitive Functions in Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disorder with pathological involvement of upper and lower motoneurons, subsequently leading to progressive loss of motor and speech abilities. In addition, cognitive functions are impaired in a subset of patients. To evaluate these potential deficits in severely physically impaired ALS patients, eye-tracking is a promising means to conduct cognitive tests. The present article focuses on how eye movements, an indirect means of communication for physically disabled patients, can be utilized to allow for detailed neuropsychological assessment. The requirements, in terms of oculomotor parameters that have to be met for sufficient eye-tracking in ALS patients are presented. The properties of stimuli, including type of neuropsychological tests and style of presentation, best suited to successfully assess cognitive functioning, are also described. Furthermore, recommendations regarding procedural requirements are provided. Overall, this methodology provides a reliable, easy to administer and fast approach for assessing cognitive deficits in patients who are unable to speak or write such as patients with severe ALS. The only confounding factor might be deficits in voluntary eye movement control in a subset of ALS patients.

Cognitive deficits are common in about one third of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, a neurological condition leading to progressive impairments in speech and movement abilities. To conduct cognitive tests in patients unable to speak or write a reliable and easy to administer eye-tracking paradigm was developed.

눈 - 추적 제어 루게릭 병 환자의인지 기능을 평가하는

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disorder with pathological involvement of upper and lower motoneurons, subsequently leading to ...

Behavioral Assessment of Hearing in 2 to 4 Year-old Children: A Two-interval, Observer-based Procedure Using Conditioned Play-based Responses

Collecting reliable behavioral data from toddlers and preschoolers is challenging. As a result, there are significant gaps in our understanding of human auditory development for these age groups. This paper describes an observer-based procedure for measuring hearing sensitivity with a two-interval, two-alternative forced-choice paradigm. Young children are trained to perform a play-based, motor response (e.g., putting a block in a bucket) whenever they hear a target signal. An experimenter observes the child&#39;s behavior and makes a judgment about whether the signal was presented during the first or second observation interval; the experimenter is blinded to the true signal interval, so this judgment is based solely on the child&#39;s behavior. These procedures were used to test 2 to 4 year-olds (n = 33) with no known hearing problems. The signal was a 1,000 Hz warble tone presented in quiet, and the signal level was adjusted to estimate a threshold corresponding to 71%-correct detection. A valid threshold was obtained for 82% of children. These results indicate that the two-interval procedure is both feasible and reliable for use with toddlers and preschoolers. The two-interval, observer-based procedure described in this paper is a powerful tool for evaluating hearing in young children because it guards against response bias on the part of the experimenter.

This paper describes a procedure for measuring hearing sensitivity in 2 to 4 year-old children. Children are trained to perform play-based responses when they hear a target signal. Thresholds are then estimated in a two-interval, two-alternative forced-choice paradigm, based on observations of the child&#39;s behaviors.

4 년짜리 어린이 2에서 청각의 행동 평가 : 두 간격, 관찰자 ​​기반 절차 에어컨 플레이 기반의 응답을 사용하여

Collecting reliable behavioral data from toddlers and preschoolers is challenging. As a result, there are significant gaps in our understanding of human ...