We gratefully acknowledge the Swedish Research Council Formas for generous financial support.

메틸 -6- 옥소 -3,4,6- triphenylhexanoate 1. 그램 규모의 합성 <ol><li> 10 mbar에서, 1 시간 동안 40 ℃에서 회전 증발기에서 둥근 바닥 플라스크에 건조 1- 에틸 -3- 메틸이 미다 졸륨 아세테이트 (EMIMAc). </li><li> 건조 EMIMAc 2.1 g 및 1,3- 디 페닐 -2- 프로 펜 -1- 온 마그네틱 교반기가 구비 된 100 ㎖ 둥근 바닥 플라스크에 1.0 g을 추가한다. </li><li> 메탄올 2.019 mL의 플라스크에 신남 2.3 g을 넣고. </li><li> 실온 (22 ℃)에서 1 분 동안 교반하여 디클로로 메탄 60 mL의 혼합물에 용해. </li><li> 그 후 0.37 mL의 1.8 디아 자비의 추가 [5.4.0] 운덱 -7- 엔, 교반 혼합한다 (단계 1.4) 및 둥근 바닥 플라스크를 캡핑 (DBU). </li><li> 상온 (22 ° C에서)에서 500 rpm의 속도에서 자기 교반 막대로 교반 하였다. </li><li> 1 H NMR. 7.8 ppm의 영역에서 칼콘의 이중 결합의 실종 24 표정으로 반응 종료를 확인합니다. </li><li> 반응물에 도달 할 때<html> 완성 10 밀리바, 15 분 동안 20 ℃에서 회전 증발기에서 휘발성 물질을 제거한다. </li><li> 자기 교반 막대로 교반 EMIMAc을 용해 잔사에 50㎖의 메탄올을 첨가한다. </li><li> 30 분 동안 750 rpm의 속도에서 자기 교반 막대로 격렬하게 교반하여 플라스크의 벽에서 고형물을 제거한다. 필요할 경우, 벽에서 남은 고형물을 제거하기 위해 주걱을 사용한다. </li><li> 프릿 (기공 크기 3)의 혼합물을 필터링합니다. </li><li> 메탄올의 추가 20 ㎖로 세척. EMIMAc 재활용이 요구되는 경우 메탄올 성 여액을 증발시켰다. (2.1 단계). </li><li> 여전히 프릿에 부드럽게 주걱 작은 조각으로 (단계 1.11)에서 필터 케이크를 나누어 미리 칭량 둥근 바닥 플라스크에 분말 깔때기를 통해 고체를 전송하고, 진공하에 고체를 건조. </li><li> 플라스크의 무게를 측정하고 수율을 계산한다. </li><li> 1 H NMR (스텝 1.7)에 의해 생성물을 분석한다. 보고 스펙트럼 비교. (24) </li></ol>EMIMAc의 제목 &quot;&gt; 2. 재활용 <ol><li> 30 분 동안 40 ° C에서 10 밀리바의 감압 (단계 1.12)에서 메탄올 혼합물로부터 휘발성 물질을 제거한다. </li><li> EMIMAc가 있는지 확인하기 위해 1 시간 NMR 및 13 C NMR에 의해 생성 된 오일을 분석한다. (24) </li><li> 재활용 EMIMAc 단계 1.2부터 사용합니다. </li></ol> 3. 겔화 <ol><li> 원액의 제조 <ol><li> 메틸 -6- 옥소 -3,4,6- triphenylhexanoate (단계 1.15에서 제품) 및 유리 병에 자기 교반 막대의 200 mg을 추가합니다. 케토 에스테르를 용해 2.0 ml의 디클로로 메탄을 추가합니다. 모든 때까지 저어은 해산했다. </li></ol></li><li> 동결 <ol><li> 500㎖의 비이커에 헵탄 50 mL로 추가한다. 헵탄에 원액의 1.5 ML을 추가합니다. 적절한 혼합을 보장하고 겔화가 일어날 때까지 실온에서 교반없이 서 있도록 신속하게 교반한다. </li></ol></li></ol>

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The authors have nothing to disclose.

케토 에스테르 (3)의 X 선 분석 및 보데 및 동료 (30)에 의해 제안 된 기전 조사하여 결정 안티 배위에 기초하기 반응 경로는 (도 5)를 제안한다. IL의 탈 양성자는 NHC 종을 생성; NHC는 Breslow 중간 I. Breslow 중간체 형성하는 불포화 알데히드와 반응은 칼콘 디엔 II를 형성하도록 상호 벤조 반응에서 반응한다. 중급 II는 안티 지향 입체 센터 III를 설정, 보트 전이 상태 (TS)...

<img alt="TOC (1)" src="/files/ftp_upload/53213/53213TOC.jpg" /> (위) 1,6- ketoesters의 3 성분계 합성 : 저 분자량 젤 레이터의 새로운 클래스. 이온 성 액체 (ILS)의 높은 안정성, 낮은 휘발성, 비 - 가연성을 가지므로 재활용 안전한 반응 매체와 이상적인 용매로서 관심을 표현하고있다. 1-3 디 알킬 imidazoliums은 이온 성 액체의 특정 유형임을, 염기의 존재하에 , organocatalysis의 분야에서 N- 헤테로 카르 벤 (NHC). (4)을 렌더링하기 위해 탈 수있는, NHCs, 서로 다른 반응 경로에서 작동, 일반적인 반응의 넓은 범위에서 광범위하게 사용을 발견했다. 5-11 그럼에도 불구하고, 대한 IL 및 CC 결합 formin 사이의 연결G NHC-촉매는 상대적으로 미개척입니다. 그럼에도 불구하고, IL을으로부터 유도 NHCs 그러한 벤조 축합 STETTER 반응으로 형성 반응 CC 결합을 촉진하는 것으로보고되고있다. 예를 들어 12-22, 데이비스 외. N - 알킬 thiazoliums로부터 유도의 IL이있는 precatalysts 역할을 보여 주었다 벤즈알데히드로부터 형성 벤조. 12 최근 첸과 동료 IL 기반 졸리움을 사용하여 이러한 개념을 확장, 1- 에틸 -3- 메틸이 미다 졸륨 아세테이트 (EMIMAc) &#39;5,5 생성 5- hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF)에 벤조 축합을 수행하는 디 대한 IL 상업적으로 사용할 수 있으며, NHCs을 생성하는 저렴한 방법을 제공하는 점을 감안 (히드 록시 메틸) furoin (DHMF). (23), 우리는 반응에 대한 IL의 다른 유형 수행 할 수있는 것을 조사에 관심이 있었다. 이를 위해, 디 알킬 imidazoliums 효율적 공식 공액 additi에 precatalysts로서 사용될 수 있다는 것을 발견불포화 알데히드에 1,6- ketoesters을주는 칼콘 (그림 1)에. 가장 효율적인 IL, EMIMAc는 신남 및 칼콘 사이 높은 입체 선택적 반응을 촉진한다. 반응은 안티 -diastereomer에 대한 높은 선호도 발생 및 1,6- ketoesters은 최대 92 % 수율로 분리 할 수있다. 24,25,26 <img alt="그림 1" src="/files/ftp_upload/53213/53213fig1.jpg" /> 그림 1 : 세 가지 구성 요소, 칼콘에 신남의 입체 추가 IL-매개.

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium acetate</td>
			<td>Aldrich</td>
			<td>51053-100G-F</td>
			<td>Produced by BASF &#8805;90%, dried on a rotary evaporated before use (10 mBar, 40 &#176;C, 1h) 
			CAS NUMBER: 143314-17-4</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>1,3-diphenyl-2-propen-1-one</td>
			<td>Aldrich</td>
			<td>11970-100G</td>
			<td>98.0% 
			CAS NUMBER: 94-41-7</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>trans-cinnamaldehyde&#160;</td>
			<td>Aldrich</td>
			<td>C80687-25G</td>
			<td>99%, stored under nitrogen prior to use 
			CAS NUMBER: 14371-10-9</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>1,8-Diazobicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene</td>
			<td>Aldrich</td>
			<td>139009-25G</td>
			<td>98% 
			CAS NUMBER: 6674-22-2</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Methanol</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>32213N-2.5L</td>
			<td>puriss. P.a., ACS reagent, reag. ISO, reag. Ph. Eur. &#8805;99.8% (GC) 
			CAS NUMBER: 67-56-1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dichloromethane</td>
			<td>Fischer Chemical</td>
			<td>D/1852/17X</td>
			<td>Analytic reagent grade, stabilized with amylene 
			CAS NUMBER:9/2/1975</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>n-Heptane</td>
			<td>Fischer Chemical</td>
			<td>H/0160/17X</td>
			<td>Analytic reagent grade 
			CAS NUMBER: 142-82-5</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

highly stereoselective synthesis of 1,6-ketoesters mediated by ionic liquids: a three-component reaction enabling rapid access to a new class of low molecular weight gelators

In organic chemistry ionic liquids (ILs) have emerged as safe and recyclable reaction solvents. In the presence of a base ILs can be deprotonated to form catalytically active N-Heterocyclic Carbenes (NHCs). Here we have used ILs as precatalysts in the addition of &#945;,&#946;-unsaturated aldehydes to chalcones to form 1,6-ketoesters, incorporating an anti-diphenyl moiety in a highly stereoselective fashion. The reaction has a broad substrate scope and several functional groups and heteroaromatics can be integrated into the ketoester backbone in generally good yields with maintained stereoselectivity. The reaction protocol is robust and scalable. The starting materials are inexpensive and the products can be obtained after simple filtration, avoiding solvent-demanding chromatography. Furthermore, the IL can be recycled up to 5 times without any loss of reactivity. Moreover, the 1,6-ketoester end product is a potent gelator in several hydrocarbon based solvents. The method enables rapid access to and evaluation of a new class of low molecular weight gelators (LMWGs) from recyclable and inexpensive starting materials.

상기 예시 된 바와 같이, EMIMAc은 칼콘에 α, β 불포화 알데히드 공식 공액 또한 예비 촉매 역할을한다. 1- 에틸 -3- 메틸이 미다 졸륨 클로라이드 (EMIMCl) 및 1- 부틸 -3- 메틸이 미다 졸륨 클로라이드 (BMIMCl)와 같은 다른 시판 졸리움 계의 IL은 조사했다, 그러나, 아세테이트 음이온이있을 수 있음을 나타내는 낮은 수율로 진행 이들 반응 반응성 (표 1, 항목 1-3) 중요. 27, 28 *</s...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of 1,6-Ketoesters Mediated by Ionic Liquids: A Three-component Reaction Enabling Rapid Access to a New Class of Low Molecular

Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of 1,6-Ketoesters Mediated by Ionic Liquids: A Three-component Reaction Enabling Rapid Access to a New Class of Low Molecular Weight Gelators

Ionic liquids (ILs) mediate fast, simple and cheap access to 1,6-ketoesters in high diastereoselectivities and good yields. The reaction protocol is robust and the 1,6-ketoesters can be obtained in gram scale after a simple filtration protocol. Moreover, the 1,6-ketoesters are potent gelators in hydrocarbon solvents.

이온 성 액체에 의해 매개 1,6- Ketoesters의 높은 입체 선택적 합성 : 저 분자량 젤 레이터의 새로운 클래스에 빠른 액세스를 가능하게하는 3 요소 반응

In organic chemistry ionic liquids (ILs) have emerged as safe and recyclable reaction solvents. In the presence of a base ILs can be deprotonated to form ...

highly-stereoselective-synthesis-16-ketoesters-mediated-ionic-liquids

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8.6K 조회수.  Chalmers University of Technology. Ionic liquids (ILs) mediate fast, simple and cheap access to 1,6-ketoesters in high diastereoselectivities and good yields. The reaction protocol is robust and the 1,6-ketoesters can be obtained in gram scale after a simple filtration protocol. Moreover, the 1,6-ketoesters are potent gelators in hydrocarbon solvents. 

비디오: Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of 1,6-Ketoesters Mediated by Ionic Liquids: A Three-component Reaction Enabling Rapid Access to a New Class of Low Molecular Weight Gelators