Name: automated, long-term behavioral assay for cognitive functions in multiple genetic models of alzheimer's disease, using intellicage
Uploaded: 2018-08-04T15:00:00.000+00:00
Duration: 6 min 46 s
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Automated, Long-term Behavioral Assay for Cognitive Functions in Multiple Genetic Models of Alzheimer's Disease, Using IntelliCage at JoVE.com

촬영 자료에 그녀의 도움에 감사 레이코 안도 하 고. 이 연구는 탐색적 연구에 대 한 특정에 의해 지원 되었다 (JSP KAKENHI 부여 번호 16 K 15196).

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이 문서에서는 유전자 변형된 광고 모델에 장기 인지 및 행동 분석을 위한 자동된 집-새 장 모니터링 시스템을 사용 하 여 메서드를 설명 합니다. 가장 중요 한 단계는 적절 한 위치에 트랜스폰더의 이식입니다. 주입을 수행 하기 전에 확인 하는 트랜스폰더의 만료 날짜를 통과 하지 않았습니다. 두 번째 중요 한 점은 확인 매일, 시스템의 기능 특히 사소한 문제 이후에 연구 기간 동안 더 심각한 것...

지난 10 년간 신경 질환 동물 모델의 개발 그들의 기초의 치료 발전1,2,3를 홍보 하기 위해 기계적 이해를 제공 했다. 높은 처리량 행동 테스트 배터리 유전 동물 모델에서의 응용 프로그램 인간의 질병의 근본적인 메커니즘 및 약물 요법의 신분 조사를 추론 연구 도구입니다. 연구 테스트 배터리 노후화의 장기 관찰에 대 한 적응 및 치 매 모델 전문된 인력 및 시간의 큰 금액을 소비 하는 실험실을 강제 전통적으로 있다. 그것은 인 간에 의해 행동 관찰의 비용을 줄일 것 이라고 가정 케이지 모니터링 시스템 비용 효율적인 전략 있을 것 이다. 일부 연구 팀은 작은 홈 케이지4,,56에 한 개인의 행동 형질을 지원 자동화 비전 기반 도구를 개발 했습니다. 그러나, 이러한 방법을 사회적 상호 작용, 테스트 환경의 크기와 인지 기능을 포함 하는 행동 조치의 다양 한 제한 한다. IntelliCage 사회 가정에 다양 한 인지 작업을 수행 하도록 설계 된 2 세대 가정 케이지 모니터링 시스템입니다. 중요 한 것은,이 방법은 매일 인지 기능의 평가와 장기적인 행동 모니터링을 수행 하는 수 처리 제거할 수 있습니다 및 전문된 실무 처리에 대 한 요구 사항을 제거 하 고 높은 재현할 수 있도록 수 있습니다. 데이터 수집7. 여기, 우리는 장기적인 설명 형질 및 유효성 검사는 Alzheimer의 질병 (광고)의 유전 마우스 모델에서 최근8,,910 자동 홈 케이지 모니터링을 사용 하 여 생성 시스템입니다. 포함 공간 학습 및 집행 기능 평가, 테스트 배터리 (9-12 및 14-17 개월) 다 나 포인트에서 반복적으로 수행 되었다. 연령에 따라 형질이를 사용 하 여 다양 한 인지 측면에 유전자의 일시적 또는 영구적인 효과 확인할 수 있었습니다. 우리는 일부 광고 모델 자동된 집-새 장 모니터링 시스템10를 사용 하 여 장기 분석에서 테스트 하는 여러 가지 인지 측면의 임시 및 영구 고기 보여주 발견. 따라서, 홈-케이지 모니터링 시스템을 사용 하 여 자동화 연구는 유익 하 고 장기적인 행동 형질 및 인지 기능 장애의 다양 한 모델에서 유효성 검사에 대 한 비용.

<table><tbody><tr><td>IntelliCage</td><td>TSE Systems</td><td>-</td><td>Parchased in 2011 or later</td></tr><tr><td>PC</td><td>Dell</td><td>Inspiron 580s</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>Display</td><td>Dell</td><td>SI75T-WL</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>ALPHA-dri</td><td>Shepherd Specialty Papers</td><td>-</td><td>Standard bedding</td></tr><tr><td>Aron Alpha (Krasy Glue) 2 g</td><td>Toagosei (Krasy Glue)</td><td>#04612</td><td>Cyanoacrylates for gluing magnet and blak arm</td></tr><tr><td>Handheld Transponder Reader</td><td>BTS-ID</td><td>R-560</td><td>Transponder reader, which reads both Trovan and DataMars</td></tr><tr><td>Transponder</td><td>DataMars</td><td>T-VA, T-VAS, or another series</td><td>Basic package of transponders and implanters</td></tr><tr><td>Diamond Grip Plus</td><td>Ansel Microflex</td><td>DGP-INT-M</td><td>Experimental glove</td></tr><tr><td>Isoflurane</td><td>Pfizer</td><td>1119701G1092</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>Vaporizer for small animals</td><td>DS Pharma Biomedical</td><td>SF-B01</td><td>Facemask included</td></tr><tr><td>Neo-Medrol</td><td>Pfizer</td><td>006472-001</td><td>Eye ointment</td></tr><tr><td>Ethanol (70%)</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>Excel</td><td>Microsoft</td><td>00202-51382-15524-AA928</td><td>For data analysis</td></tr></tbody></table>

automated, long-term behavioral assay for cognitive functions in multiple genetic models of alzheimer's disease, using intellicage

다중 요소-노화, 유전자 등-자주 관련 인지 감소 된. 유전자 변형된 마우스 모델 인지 감소, Alzheimer의 질병 (광고) 등의 유망한 도구를 기본 메커니즘을 명료 하 고 치료 발전 추진 되고있다. 중요 한 단계 유효성 검사 및 예상된 행동 이상이 광고, 인지 감소의 경우 모델의 특성입니다. 연구원에서 수요가 상당한 노력을 노화의 효과 연구 하는 실험실 동물의 장기 행동 조사. IntelliCage 시스템은 매일 인간 취급에 대 한 필요성을 제거 하는 마우스에 대 한 높은 처리량 및 비용 효율적인 테스트 배터리 이다. 여기, 우리가 설명 어떻게 시스템 장기 형질 유전 알츠하이머병 모델의 활용은 특히 인지 기능에 초점을 맞추고. 실험 공간 학습 및 집행 기능을 평가 하는 테스트의 반복 된 배터리를 사용 합니다. 비용 효율적인 연령에 따라 형질이 다양 한 인지 측면에 유전자의 일시적 또는 영구적인 효과 확인할 수 있습니다.

우리의 이전 연구에서 광고 모델의 연령에 따라 인지 적자 자동된 집-새 장 모니터링 시스템10를 사용 하 여 실험에 의해 감지 했다. PP에 광고 모델의 그들의 실적은 그대로 젊은 성인과 더 오래 된 주제; 그러나, PPR에 성능 되었고 크게 점차적으로 손상 (그림 6). 그것은 또한 같은 특성 인식15영향을 미칠 수 있기 때...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Automated, Long-term Behavioral Assay for Cognitive Functions in Multiple Genetic Models of Alzheimer's Disease, Using IntelliCage at JoVE.com

Automated, Long-term Behavioral Assay for Cognitive Functions in Multiple Genetic Models of Alzheimer's Disease, Using IntelliCage

이 논문 조작 조화 자동 높은 처리량의 행동 모니터링 시스템 IntelliCage 시스템을 사용 하 여 Alzheimer의 질병의 유전자 모델 인지 평가 대 한 프로토콜을 설명 합니다.

자동화, Alzheimer의 질병, IntelliCage를 사용 하 여 여러 유전자 모델에서 인지 기능에 대 한 장기적인 행동 분석 결과

Multiple factors&#8212;such as aging and genes&#8212;are frequently associated with cognitive decline. Genetically modified mouse models of cognitive ...

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12.1K 조회수.  RIKEN. 이 논문 조작 조화 자동 높은 처리량의 행동 모니터링 시스템 IntelliCage 시스템을 사용 하 여 Alzheimer의 질병의 유전자 모델 인지 평가 대 한 프로토콜을 설명 합니다.

비디오: Automated, Long-term Behavioral Assay for Cognitive Functions in Multiple Genetic Models of Alzheimer's Disease, Using IntelliCage

Automated, Quantitative Cognitive/Behavioral Screening of Mice: For Genetics, Pharmacology, Animal Cognition and Undergraduate Instruction

We describe a high-throughput, high-volume, fully automated, live-in 24/7 behavioral testing system for assessing the effects of genetic and pharmacological manipulations on basic mechanisms of cognition and learning in mice. A standard polypropylene mouse housing tub is connected through an acrylic tube to a standard commercial mouse test box. The test box has 3 hoppers, 2 of which are connected to pellet feeders. All are internally illuminable with an LED and monitored for head entries by infrared (IR) beams. Mice live in the environment, which eliminates handling during screening. They obtain their food during two or more daily feeding periods by performing in operant (instrumental) and Pavlovian (classical) protocols, for which we have written protocol-control software and quasi-real-time data analysis and graphing software. The data analysis and graphing routines are written in a MATLAB-based language created to simplify greatly the analysis of large time-stamped behavioral and physiological event records and to preserve a full data trail from raw data through all intermediate analyses to the published graphs and statistics within a single data structure. The data-analysis code harvests the data several times a day and subjects it to statistical and graphical analyses, which are automatically stored in the &#34;cloud&#34; and on in-lab computers. Thus, the progress of individual mice is visualized and quantified daily. The data-analysis code talks to the protocol-control code, permitting the automated advance from protocol to protocol of individual subjects. The behavioral protocols implemented are matching, autoshaping, timed hopper-switching, risk assessment in timed hopper-switching, impulsivity measurement, and the circadian anticipation of food availability. Open-source protocol-control and data-analysis code makes the addition of new protocols simple. Eight test environments fit in a 48 in x 24 in x 78 in&#160;cabinet; two such cabinets (16 environments) may be controlled by one computer.

Fully automated system for measuring physiologically meaningful properties of the mechanisms mediating spatial localization, temporal localization, duration, rate&#160;and probability estimation, risk assessment, impulsivity, and the accuracy and precision of memory, in order to assess the effects of genetic and pharmacological manipulations on foundational mechanisms of cognition in mice.

마우스의 자동화, 정량인지 / 행동 검사 : 유전학, 약리학, 동물인지 및 학부 교육을위한

We describe a high-throughput, high-volume, fully automated, live-in 24/7 behavioral testing system for assessing the effects of genetic and ...

연구

행동분석학

Behavioral Phenotyping of Murine Disease Models with the Integrated Behavioral Station (INBEST)

Due to rapid advances in genetic engineering, small rodents have become the preferred subjects in many disciplines of biomedical research. In studies of chronic CNS disorders, there is an increasing demand for murine models with high validity at the behavioral level. However, multiple pathogenic mechanisms and complex functional deficits often impose challenges to reliably measure and interpret behavior of chronically sick mice. Therefore, the assessment of peripheral pathology and a behavioral profile at several time points using a battery of tests are required. Video-tracking, behavioral spectroscopy, and remote acquisition of physiological measures are emerging technologies that allow for comprehensive, accurate, and unbiased behavioral analysis in a home-base-like setting. This report describes a refined phenotyping protocol, which includes a custom-made monitoring apparatus (Integrated Behavioral Station, INBEST) that focuses on prolonged measurements of basic functional outputs, such as spontaneous activity, food/water intake and motivated behavior in a relatively stress-free environment. Technical and conceptual improvements in INBEST design may further promote reproducibility and standardization of behavioral studies.

Behavioral Phenotyping of Murine Disease Models with the Integrated Behavioral Station INBEST

Prolonged and comprehensive monitoring of mice in a home-cage environment provides a deeper understanding of aberrant behavior in murine models of brain diseases. This paper describes the Integrated Behavioral Station (INBEST) as the key component of contemporary behavioral analysis.

통합 행동 역으로 설치류 질병 모델의 행동 표현형 (INBEST)

Due to rapid advances in genetic engineering, small rodents have become the preferred subjects in many disciplines of biomedical research. In studies of ...

The Double-H Maze: A Robust Behavioral Test for Learning and Memory in Rodents

Spatial cognition research in rodents typically employs the use of maze tasks, whose attributes vary from one maze to the next. These tasks vary by their behavioral flexibility and required memory duration, the number of goals and pathways, and also the overall task complexity. A confounding feature in many of these tasks is the lack of control over the strategy employed by the rodents to reach the goal, e.g., allocentric (declarative-like) or egocentric (procedural) based strategies. The double-H maze is a novel water-escape memory task that addresses this issue, by allowing the experimenter to direct the type of strategy learned during the training period. The double-H maze is a transparent device, which consists of a central alleyway with three arms protruding on both sides, along with an escape platform submerged at the extremity of one of these arms.
Rats can be trained using an allocentric strategy by alternating the start position in the maze in an unpredictable manner (see protocol 1; &#167;4.7), thus requiring them to learn the location of the platform based on the available allothetic cues. Alternatively, an egocentric learning strategy (protocol 2; &#167;4.8) can be employed by releasing the rats from the same position during each trial, until they learn the procedural pattern required to reach the goal. This task has been proven to allow for the formation of stable memory traces.
Memory can be probed following the training period in a misleading probe trial, in which the starting position for the rats alternates. Following an egocentric learning paradigm, rats typically resort to an allocentric-based strategy, but only when their initial view on the extra-maze cues differs markedly from their original position. This task is ideally suited to explore the effects of drugs/perturbations on allocentric/egocentric memory performance, as well as the interactions between these two memory systems.

The goal of this protocol is to investigate spatial cognition in rodents. The double-H water maze is a novel test, which is particularly useful to elucidate the different components of learning, consolidation and memory, as well as the interplay of memory systems.

더블 H 미로 : 설치류의 강력한 행동 학습에 대한 테스트 및 메모리

Spatial cognition research in rodents typically employs the use of maze tasks, whose attributes vary from one maze to the next. These tasks vary by their ...

Morris Water Maze Test: Optimization for Mouse Strain and Testing Environment

The Morris water maze (MWM) is a commonly used task to assess hippocampal-dependent spatial learning and memory in transgenic mouse models of disease, including neurocognitive disorders such as Alzheimer&#8217;s disease. However, the background strain of the mouse model used can have a substantial effect on the observed behavioral phenotype, with some strains exhibiting superior learning ability relative to others. To ensure differences between transgene negative and transgene positive mice can be detected, identification of a training procedure sensitive to the background strain is essential. Failure to tailor the MWM protocol to the background strain of the mouse model may lead to under- or over- training, thereby masking group differences in probe trials. Here, a MWM protocol tailored for use with the F1 FVB/N x 129S6 background is described. This is a frequently used background strain to study the age-dependent effects of mutant P301L tau (rTg(TauP301L)4510 mice) on the memory deficits associated with Alzheimer&#8217;s disease. Also described is a strategy to re-optimize, as dictated by the particular testing environment utilized.

This manuscript describes a Morris water maze (MWM) protocol tailored for use with a commonly used mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. The MWM is widely used in transgenic mouse models. Implementation of a procedure sensitive to the background strain of the mouse model is essential for detecting group differences.

모리스 물 미로 테스트 : 마우스 스트레인 및 테스트 환경을위한 최적화

 The Morris water maze (MWM) is a commonly used task to assess hippocampal-dependent spatial learning and memory in transgenic mouse models of disease, ...

Assessing Burrowing, Nest Construction, and Hoarding in Mice

Deterioration in the ability to perform "Activities of daily living" (ADL) is an early sign of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Preclinical behavioural screening of possible treatments for AD currently largely focuses on cognitive testing, which frequently demands expensive equipment and lots of experimenter time. However, human episodic memory (the most severely affected aspect of memory in AD) is different to rodent memory, which seems to be largely non-episodic. Therefore the present ways of screening for new AD treatments for AD in rodents are intrinsically unlikely to succeed. A new approach to preclinical screening would be to characterise the ADL of mice. Fortuitously, several such assays have recently been developed at Oxford, and here the three most sensitive and well-characterised are presented.
Burrowing was first developed in Oxford13. It evolved from a need to develop a mouse hoarding paradigm. Most published rodent hoarding paradigms required a distant food source to be linked to the home cage by a connecting passage. This would involve modifying the home cage as well as making a mouse-proof connecting passage and food source. So it was considered whether it would be possible to put the food source inside the cage. It was found that if a container was placed on the floor it was emptied by the next morning., The food pellets were, however, simply deposited in a heap at the container entrance, rather than placed in a discrete place away from the container, as might be expected if the mice were truly hoarding them. Close inspection showed that the mice were performing digging ("burrowing") movements, not carrying the pellets in their mouths to a selected place as they would if truly hoarding them.6



Food pellets are not an essential substrate for burrowing; mice will empty tubes filled with sand, gravel, even soiled bedding from their own cage. Moreover, they will empty a full tube even if an empty one is placed next to it8.



Several nesting protocols exist in the literature. The present Oxford one simplifies the procedure and has a well-defined scoring system for nest quality5. 



A hoarding paradigm was later developed in which the mice, rather than hoarding back to the real home cage, were adapted to living in the "home base" of a hoarding apparatus. This home base was connected to a tube made of wire mesh, the distal end of which contained the food source. This arrangement proved to yield good hoarding behaviour, as long as the mice were adapted to living in the "home base" during the day and only allowed to enter the hoarding tube at night.

Burrowing, nesting, and hoarding are species-typical activities that mice readily perform in the laboratory. This article describes how they can be easily and cheaply assessed. These protocols are extremely sensitive to mouse strain, brain lesions and diseases. Moreover they constitute &#x201C;environmental enrichment&#x201D; for the mice, and embody the &#x201C;Refinement&#x201D; aspect of the &#x201C;3 Rs&#x201D;18.

평가는 마우스에 둥지 건설, 그리고 비장을내는

Deterioration in the ability to perform "Activities of daily living" (ADL) is an early sign of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Preclinical behavioural screening ...

신경과학

T-maze Forced Alternation and Left-right Discrimination Tasks for Assessing Working and Reference Memory in Mice

Forced alternation and left-right discrimination tasks using the T-maze have been widely used to assess working and reference memory, respectively, in rodents. In our laboratory, we evaluated the two types of memory in more than 30 strains of genetically engineered mice using the automated version of this apparatus. Here, we present the modified T-maze apparatus operated by a computer with a video-tracking system and our protocols in a movie format. The T-maze apparatus consists of runways partitioned off by sliding doors that can automatically open downward, each with a start box, a T-shaped alley, two boxes with automatic pellet dispensers at one side of the box, and two L-shaped alleys. Each L-shaped alley is connected to the start box so that mice can return to the start box, which excludes the effects of experimenter handling on mouse behavior. This apparatus also has an advantage that in vivo microdialysis, in vivo electrophysiology, and optogenetics techniques can be performed during T-maze performance because the doors are designed to go down into the floor. In this movie article, we describe T-maze tasks using the automated apparatus and the T-maze performance of &alpha;-CaMKII+/- mice, which are reported to show working memory deficits in the eight-arm radial maze task. Our data indicated that &alpha;-CaMKII+/- mice showed a working memory deficit, but no impairment of reference memory, and are consistent with previous findings using the eight-arm radial maze task, which supports the validity of our protocol. In addition, our data indicate that mutants tended to exhibit reversal learning deficits, suggesting that &alpha;-CaMKII deficiency causes reduced behavioral flexibility. Thus, the T-maze test using the modified automatic apparatus is useful for assessing working and reference memory and behavioral flexibility in mice.

This article presents the protocol of T-maze tests using a modified automated apparatus for assessing the learning and memory functions in mice.

T-미로 강제 교대 및 근무와 마우스의 레퍼런스 메모리를 평가하기위한 왼쪽 오른쪽 차별 작업

Forced alternation and left-right discrimination tasks using the T-maze have been widely used to assess working and reference memory, respectively, in ...

Intracerebroventricular Injection of Amyloid-&#946; Peptides in Normal Mice to Acutely Induce Alzheimer-like Cognitive Deficits

Amyloid-&#946; (A&#946;) is a major pathological mediator of both familial and sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the brains of AD patients, progressive accumulation of A&#946; oligomers and plaques is observed. Such A&#946; abnormalities are believed to block long-term potentiation, impair synaptic function, and induce cognitive deficits. Clinical and experimental evidences have revealed that the acute increase of A&#946; levels in the brain allows development of Alzheimer-like phenotypes. Hence, a detailed protocol describing how to acutely generate an AD mouse model via the intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of A&#946; is necessary in many cases. In this protocol, the steps of the experiment with an A&#946;-injected mouse are included, from the preparation of peptides to the testing of behavioral abnormalities. The process of preparing the tools and animal subjects before the injection, of injecting the A&#946; into the mouse brain via ICV injection, and of assessing the degree of cognitive impairment are easily explained throughout the protocol, with an emphasis on tips for effective ICV injection of A&#946;. By mimicking certain aspects of AD with a designated injection of A&#946;, researchers can bypass the aging process and focus on the downstream pathology of A&#946; abnormalities.

The amyloid-&#946; (A&#946;)-injected animal model enables the administration of a defined quantity and species of A&#946; fragments and reduces individual differences within each study group. This protocol describes the intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of A&#946; without stereotactic instruments, enabling the production of Alzheimer-like behavioral abnormalities in normal mice.

일반 마우스의 아밀로이드-β의 펩티드의 뇌 실내 주사는 급성 치매와 같은인지 적자를 유도합니다

Amyloid-&#946; (A&#946;) is a major pathological mediator of both familial and sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the brains of AD patients, ...

Motor and Hippocampal Dependent Spatial Learning and Reference Memory Assessment in a Transgenic Rat Model of Alzheimer's Disease with Stroke

Alzheimer&#39;s disease (AD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disease that results in neurodegeneration and memory loss. While age is a major risk factor for AD, stroke has also been implicated as a risk factor and an exacerbating factor. The co-morbidity of stroke and AD results in worsened stroke-related motor control and AD-related cognitive deficits when compared to each condition alone. To model the combined condition of stroke and AD, a novel transgenic rat model of AD, with a mutated form of amyloid precursor protein (a key protein involved in the development of AD) incorporated into its DNA, is given a small unilateral striatal stroke.
For a model with the combination of both stroke and AD, behavioral tests that assess stroke-related motor control, locomotion and AD-related cognitive function must be implemented. The cylinder task involves a cost-efficient, multipurpose apparatus that assesses spontaneous forelimb motor use. In this task, a rat is placed in a cylindrical apparatus, where the rat will spontaneously rear and contact the wall of the cylinder with its forelimbs. These contacts are considered forelimb motor use and quantified during video analysis after testing. Another cost-efficient motor task implemented is the beam-walk task, which assesses forelimb control, hindlimb control and locomotion. This task involves a rat walking across a wooden beam allowing for the assessment of limb motor control through analysis of forelimb slips, hindlimb slips and falls. Assessment of learning and memory is completed with Morris water maze for this behavioral paradigm. The protocol starts with spatial learning, whereby the rat locates a stationary hidden platform. After spatial learning, the platform is removed and both short-term and long-term spatial reference memory is assessed. All three of these tasks are sensitive to behavioral differences and completed within 28 days for this model, making this paradigm time-efficient and cost-efficient.

To investigate the co-morbid Alzheimer&#39;s disease (AD) and stroke condition in a novel model, three behavior tasks are described that assess both motor control and cognitive behaviors. These tasks include the beam-walk task, cylinder task and Morris water maze.

뇌졸중과 알츠하이머 병의 유전자 변형 쥐 모델에서 모터 및 해마 종속 공간 학습 및 참조 메모리 평가

Alzheimer&#39;s disease (AD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disease that results in neurodegeneration and memory loss. While age is a major risk ...

의학

Assessment of Spontaneous Alternation, Novel Object Recognition and Limb Clasping in Transgenic Mouse Models of Amyloid-&#946; and Tau Neuropathology

Here we describe a staged, behavioral testing approach that can be used to screen for compounds that exhibit in vivo efficacy on cognitive and functional motor behaviors in transgenic mouse models of &#946;-amyloidosis and tauopathy. The paradigm includes tests for spontaneous alternation in a Y-maze, novel object recognition, and limb clasping. These tests were selected because they: 1) interrogate function of cognitive or motor domains and the correlate neural circuitry relevant to the human disease state, 2) have clearly defined endpoints, 3) have easily implementable quality control checks, 4) can be run in a moderate throughput format, and 5) require little intervention by the investigator. These methods are designed for investigators looking to screen compounds for activity in short-term and working memory tasks, or functional motor behaviors associated with Alzheimer's disease mouse models. The methods described here use behavioral tests that engage a number of different brain regions including hippocampus and various cortical areas. Investigators that desire cognitive tests that specifically assess cognition mediated by a single brain region could use these techniques to supplement other behavioral tests.

Described here is a staged, behavioral screening approach that can be used to screen for compounds that exhibit in vivo efficacy on cognitive and functional motor behaviors in transgenic mouse models of &#946;-amyloidosis and tauopathy. These methods are optimized to screen compounds for activity in short-term and working memory tasks.

아밀로이드 -β 및 타우 신경 병증의 유전자 변형 마우스 모델에서 자발적 교대, 새로운 대상 인식 및 사지 걸림의 평가

Here we describe a staged, behavioral testing approach that can be used to screen for compounds that exhibit in vivo efficacy on cognitive and functional ...

Shuttle Box Assay as an Associative Learning Tool for Cognitive Assessment in Learning and Memory Studies using Adult Zebrafish

Cognitive deficits, including impaired learning and memory, are a primary symptom of various developmental and age-related neurodegenerative diseases and traumatic brain injury (TBI). Zebrafish are an important neuroscience model due to their transparency during development and robust regenerative capabilities following neurotrauma. While various cognitive tests exist in zebrafish, most of the cognitive assessments that are rapid examine non-associative learning. At the same time, associative-learning assays often require multiple days or weeks. Here, we describe a rapid associative-learning test that utilizes an adverse stimulus (electric shock) and requires minimal preparation time. The shuttle box assay, presented here, is simple, ideal for novice investigators, and requires minimal equipment. We demonstrate that, following TBI, this shuttle box test reproducibly assesses cognitive deficit and recovery from young to old zebrafish. Additionally, the assay is adaptable to examine either immediate or delayed memory. We demonstrate that both a single TBI and repeated TBI events negatively affect learning and immediate memory but not delayed memory. We, therefore, conclude that the shuttle box assay reproducibly tracks the progression and recovery of cognitive impairment.

Learning and memory are potent metrics in studying either developmental, disease-dependent, or environmentally induced cognitive impairments. Most cognitive assessments require specialized equipment and extensive time commitments. However, the shuttle box assay is an associative learning tool that utilizes a conventional gel box for rapid and reliable assessment of adult zebrafish cognition.

성인 얼룩말 물고기를 사용하여 학습 및 메모리 연구에서 인지 평가를위한 연관 학습 도구로 셔틀 박스 분석

Cognitive deficits, including impaired learning and memory, are a primary symptom of various developmental and age-related neurodegenerative diseases and ...