<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>향상된 진통제 검사를 위한 이중 뒷발 주사

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S., Vetter, I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Methods+used+to+evaluate+pain+behaviors+in+rodents.">Methods used to evaluate pain behaviors in rodents.</a> Front Mol Neurosci. 10, 284 (2017).</li><li>Men&#233;ndez, L., Lastra, A., Hidalgo, A., Baamonde, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Unilateral+hot+plate+test:+a+simple+and+sensitive+method+for+detecting+central+and+peripheral+hyperalgesia+in+mice.">Unilateral hot plate test: a simple and sensitive method for detecting central and peripheral hyperalgesia in mice.</a> J Neurosci Methods. 113 (1), 91-97 (2002).</li><li>Li, T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rotigotine-loaded+microspheres+exerts+the+antinociceptive+effect+via+central+dopaminergic+system.">Rotigotine-loaded microspheres exerts the antinociceptive effect via central dopaminergic system.</a> Eur J Pharmacol. 910, 174443 (2021).</li><li>Kambur, O., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Inhibitors+of+catechol-+O+-methyltransferase+sensitize+mice+to+pain.">Inhibitors of catechol- O -methyltransferase sensitize mice to pain.</a> Br J Pharmacol. 161 (7), 1553-1565 (2010).</li><li>Micheli, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Efficacy+of+Posidonia+oceanica+extract+against+inflammatory+pain:+In+vivo+studies+in+mice.">Efficacy of Posidonia oceanica extract against inflammatory pain: In vivo studies in mice.</a> Mar Drugs. 19 (2), 48 (2021).</li><li>McCarson, K. 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K., Nazariborun, A., Hosseini, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Analgesic+effect+of+the+aqueous+and+ethanolic+extracts+of+clove.">Analgesic effect of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of clove.</a> Avicenna J Phytomed. 3 (2), 186-912 (2013).</li><li>Wang, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Analgesic+effects+of+glycoproteins+from+Panax+ginseng+root+in+mice.">Analgesic effects of glycoproteins from Panax ginseng root in mice.</a> J Ethnopharmacol. 148 (3), 946-950 (2013).</li><li>Zia, F. 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Preliminary findings and research needs.</a> Neuropharmacology. 233, 109528 (2023).</li><li>Sa&#322;at, K., Furga&#322;a, A., Sa&#322;at, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Evaluation+of+cebranopadol,+a+dually+acting+nociceptin/orphanin+FQ+and+opioid+receptor+agonist+in+mouse+models+of+acute,+tonic,+and+chemotherapy-induced+neuropathic+pain.">Evaluation of cebranopadol, a dually acting nociceptin/orphanin FQ and opioid receptor agonist in mouse models of acute, tonic, and chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain.</a> Inflammopharmacology. 26 (2), 361-374 (2018).</li><li>Wang, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Anti-inflammatory+and+analgesic+actions+of+bufotenine+through+inhibiting+lipid+metabolism+pathway.">Anti-inflammatory and analgesic actions of bufotenine through inhibiting lipid metabolism pathway.</a> Biomed Pharmacother. 140, 111749 (2021).</li><li>Gong, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Antinociceptive+and+anti-inflammatory+potentials+of+Akebia+saponin+D.">Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory potentials of Akebia saponin D.</a> Eur J Pharmacol. 845, 85-90 (2019).</li><li>Deng, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Comparison+of+analgesic+activities+of+aconitine+in+different+mice+pain+models.">Comparison of analgesic activities of aconitine in different mice pain models.</a> PloS One. 16 (4), e0249276 (2021).</li><li>Penn, N. 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<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>AL204 electronic balance</td>
			<td>Yuheng Battery Co., Ltd&#160;</td>
			<td>YH-400A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Carboxymethylcellulose</td>
			<td>Tianjin Chemical Co., Ltd&#160;</td>
			<td>20210326</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Carrageenan</td>
			<td>Sigma, MO, USA</td>
			<td>29H0715</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Celecoxib</td>
			<td>Pfizer Inc.</td>
			<td>8142838</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hot plate&#160;</td>
			<td>UGO Ltd. Co., Italy</td>
			<td>PB-200&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>ICR female mice</td>
			<td>Jinan Pengyue&#160; Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td>SCXK20220007</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Normal saline</td>
			<td>Kelun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd&#160;</td>
			<td>H51021157</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

a modified inflammatory pain model to study the analgesic effect in mice

Pain is a public health problem worldwide. It is triggered by noxious thermal, mechanical, or chemical stimulation. It is difficult to perform pain studies in humans because of ethical concerns. Therefore, using animal pain models is a key approach to understanding pain mechanisms and research treatments1. The hot plate test has been widely used for the assessment of thermal nociception and hyperalgesia2. Currently, the model of inflammatory pain used for the hot plate test is induced with an intraplantar injection of carrageenan in one hind paw. For example, to investigate the antinociceptive effect of rotigotine-loaded microspheres, an animal model of inflammatory pain was prepared by a single-hind-paw injection3. To assess the effects of catechol-o-methyl-transferase inhibitors on thermal nociception in mice, carrageenan was administered into the plantar region of the right hind paw4. To investigate the analgesic role of the extract of Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile, an inflammatory pain model was prepared in mice by intraplantar injection of carrageenan in the right hind paw5. However, the findings from our laboratory showed that a mouse with the single-hind-paw injection of carrageenan would lift its paw to avoid thermal nociception, which inaccurately extends the animal's response to a thermal stimulus in the hot plate test. Thus, we hypothesized that the inflammatory pain model with the single-hind-paw injection of carrageenan could not accurately reflect the thermal pain threshold. Therefore, we optimized the method by injecting carrageenan into both hind paws to establish a modified inflammatory pain model. 
The mice subjected to both-hind-paw injection of carrageenan had no way to avoid the thermal stimulus for both hind paws at the same time. The pain threshold was defined as the time from placing the mouse on the hot plate to the mouse licking either hind paw. The results confirmed that the modified inflammatory pain model is more suitable for evaluating the nociceptive temperature threshold. This may improve the efficacy of the hot plate test for the research and development of analgesic drugs.

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>저자 스포트라이트: 진통 효과를 평가하기 위한 향상된 방법 — 생쥐의 이중 뒷발 카라기난 주사

생쥐의 진통 효과를 연구하기 위해 수정된 염증성 통증 모델

Pain has a negative impact on quality of life. The method for evaluating pain plays a key role in developing analgesic drugs. The present study tried to provide a reliable and superior method to evaluate analgesic effects.The hot plate test is widely used to evaluate analgesic effects on inflammatory pain in mice. A commonly used method of inflammatory pain was induced with an intraplantar injection of carrageenin in one hind paw. We found that mice with a single hind paw carrageenin injection lifted their paws to avoid the during the hot plate test.Because of this response, the injection method cannot accurately the mouse's pain threshold. Thus, we modified the previous method by injecting carrageenin into both hind paws to establish the model of inflammatory pain. The results demonstrated that both hind paw injection with carrageenin are sensitive, and the better method to induce inflammatory pain when used in the hot plate test than single hind paw injection.In summary, we developed a superior method to induce a model inflammatory pain to evaluate analgesic effects. The present experiment used only ICR mice. To test the purposes in the future study, we will investigate whether this modified method accurately and consequently detects the pain associated in the other mouse's stress.

The hot plate test is widely used to evaluate analgesic effects on inflammatory pain in mice. A commonly used model of inflammatory pain was induced with ...

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Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

A Modified Inflammatory Pain Model to Study the Analgesic Effect in Mice

499 조회수.  Yantai University. 통증은 삶의 질에 부정적인 영향을 미친다. 통증을 평가하는 방법은 진통제를 개발하는 데 중요한 역할을 합니다. 본 연구는 진통 효과를 평가하기 위한 신뢰할 수 있고 우수한 방법을 제공하고자 하였다.핫플레이트 검사는 생쥐의 염증성 통증에 대한 진통 효과를 평가하는 데 널리 사용됩니다. 일반적으로 사용되는 염증성 통증 방법은 한쪽 ?...